Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (23): 4507-4516.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.23.005

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Evaluation of Foxtail Millet Cultivars Developed in Northeast China Spring-Sowing Region in Recent Years

 LI ZhiJiang1, MA JinFeng1, LI YanDong1, LI XiangYu1, DIAO XianMin2, ZHANG Ting3   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Breeding, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086; 2Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; 3Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/National Foxtail Millet Improvement Center/Cereal Crops Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035
  • Received:2017-06-27 Online:2017-12-01 Published:2017-12-01

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to analyze the agronomic traits, grain yield and other important characters of newly developed foxtail millet cultivars in the Northeast China in 2005-2015?, and provide scientific data for new cultivar breeding and germplasm utility.【Method】Based on the data of foxtail millets lines tested in the regional adaptation test of Northeast China from 2005 to 2015, main agronomic traits and yield traits were analyzed and compared with DPS software. 【Result】There were sixty cultivars tested in the regional adaptation test, and 18 cultivars were released according to the foxtail millet registration standard of the Chinese Agricultural Technology Extension Center in recent years. The grain yield potential of the newly developed foxtail millet cultivars showed variation according to the data analysis in 2005-2015, and it was influenced by climate greatly. The average yield of cultivars released in 2010 was higher than that of 2005 by 4.6%, and the average yield of cultivars released in 2015 was higher than that of 2005 and 2010 by 12.62% and 7.66% respectively. On the whole, the grain yield of cultivars released had a trend of increase. There was certain difference in the range of yield increase by the type of cultivars. The yield of Jiugu 23, Jiugu 14 and Longgu 31 was over 10% higher than that of the control cultivar. The result of correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis of the agronomic traits indicated that grain yield of cultivars is positively correlated with panicle weight and grain weight per panicle. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that 90.98% of the grain yield variation was decided by growth duration, plant height, panicle weight, the rate of grain per panicle, 1000-grain weight and the number of panicles per hectare. Jiugu 23 was the most prominent cultivar in the Northeast Spring-Sowing Foxtail Millet Region with a relative low plant height of 115 cm, which represent the direction of millet breeding. 【Conclusion】The yield potential of newly developed foxtail millet cultivars in the Northeast China Spring-Sowing Region in recent years was someway improved, which show a trend of yield increase year by year. The panicle weight and grain weight per panicle were the most important traits for grain yield, while the yield was also affected by climate and cultivation condition. The panicle weight and grain weight per panicle should be paid more attention during the breeding progress, and related traits such as plant height, growth duration and biotic/abiotic resistance affected the yield of foxtail millet as well. The plant height and panicle length should be reduced for cultivars adapting to simplified cultivation technology. Cultivars that have the characters of resistant to herbicide should be developed to satisfy the adjustment of Chinese crop farming system to reduce labor investment.

Key words: spring foxtail millet, regional adaptation test, yield, agronomic characters, correlation analysis

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