Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2011, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (22): 4618-4626.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.22.008

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Characteristics of N Absorption, Utilization and Optimum N-fertilizer Rate Based on a Long-Term Fertilization Experiment of Oats

 XIAO  Xiang-Fen, ZHOU  Chuan-Jiao, ZHOU  Shun-Li, HU  Yue-Gao, REN  Chang-Zhong, GUO  Lai-Chun, WANG  Chun-Long   

  1. 1.中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/农业部农作制度重点开放实验室，北京 100193
    2.吉林省白城市农业科学院，吉林白城 137000
  • Received:2010-12-20 Online:2011-11-15 Published:2011-05-20

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Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this paper was to clarify the characteristics of N absorption and utilization, and determine the optimum N-fertilizer (NF) rate in oats in Baicheng, Jilin province. 【Method】Husked oat cultivar Baiyan 7 and naked oat cultivar Baiyan 2 were used and five NF rates (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kgN•hm-2) were designed, a long-term fertilization experiment in which the NF rate in each plot was kept the same as its original designed amount throughout the research period was conducted in a randomized block design.【Result】N amount (NA) accumulated in different growing periods or in the whole life, NA accumulated in panicle, NA transferred from vegetative organ to grain and NA absorbed after anthesis increased with the increase of NF rate, and there was a significant difference among the NF treatments. The percentage of NA accumulated in seedlings was higher but lower in late grain filling stage in no or lower NF treatment. The rate of N transferred from vegetative organ ascended firstly and then descended with the increase of NF rate. Apparent NF recovery efficiency and agronomic efficiency of applied NF declined with the increase of NF rate. The maximum N harvest index was observed in lower or medium NF treatment, and the minimum in no or the highest NF treatment. There was a significant interannual difference in N physiological use efficiency, and a significant interaction between year and cultivar was also found. N fertilization increased oats grain yield significantly (P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between the treatments of 90 kgN•hm-2 and 120 kgN•hm-2. The NF rate at which the highest grain yield was harvested increased year by year in the continuous in-situ study. 【Conclusion】The characteristics of N absorption and utilization of oats was significantly affected by N fertilization, and there was a difference between the two cultivars. Baiyan 7 was more sensitive than Baiyan 2 in response to NF rate. A high-yielding and high N use efficiency production of oats could be achieved at the N rate of 90 kg•hm-2 in Baicheng, Jilin province.

Key words: oats (Avena sativa L.), nitrogen, absorption and utilization, optimum N-fertilizer amount, cultivar difference, long-term fertilization experiment

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