Scientia Agricultura Sinica

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Potassium and Magnesium Nutrition of Tea Plants and Management Technology

RUAN Jian-yun   

  1. Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and The Key Laboratory of Tea Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008
  • Online:2007-12-31 Published:2007-12-31

Abstract: Hydroponic, potted soil and field experiments were carried out to investigate the functional physiology of potassium, magnesium nutrition and their accompanying anion chloride versus sulphate on nitrogen and free amino acid metabolism and transport in tea plants. The results showed that N uptake, nitrate reductase activity and the accumulation of free amino acid especially theanine of tea plants were improved by increasing the supply of K or Mg. The long distance transport of free amino acid via phloem and xylem was also promoted by Mg supply. Application of K fertilizer containing Cl was found to reduce free amino acid accumulation under controlled conditions and it is suggested that the reduction of NO3- and transport of theanine from root to shoot and its catabolism might be affected by the supply of Cl. However, field experiments showed that potassium chloride within appropriate dose had similar effect as potassium sulphate. The availability status of K and Mg in tea soils and tea plant response to fertilizers application were systematically investigated. The distribution pattern and supply capacity of potassium and magnesium status of tea soils were revealed by analyses of typical samples taken from major tea producing provinces. A number of field experiments with uniform designs in different regions of tea production over years demonstrated the effect of fertilization with K and Mg on yields and quality of the major tea types, e.g. green tea, black tea, and oolong tea in China. Pot experiments or field experiment further revealed that resistances to drought and diseases of tea plants were improved by K application. Based on these results, K and Mg fertilizers application technology was developed. The overall results confirm that balanced nutrition including the nutrients K and Mg is an important measure contributing to productivity of tea in China.

Key words: Tea , Potassium , Magnesium , Chloride , Nitrogen metabolism , Free amino acids , Tea quality

[1]Wu X, Ruan J Y. Potassium, magnesium and sulphur status of tea gardens in China – Effects of K, Mg and S fertilizers. Potash Review, 1994, 3: 1-8. 
[2]Ruan J Y, Ye Y, Wu X, Härdter R. Effect of potassium, magnesium and sulphur applied in different forms of fertilisers on free amino acid content in leaves of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1998, 76: 389-396.
[3]Ruan J Y, Wu X, Härdter R. Effects of potassium and magnesium nutrition on the quality components of different types of tea. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,1999, 79: 47-52.
[4]Ruan J Y, Wu X, Härdter R. The interaction between soil water regime and potassium availability on the growth of tea. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 1997, 28: 89-98.
[5]Ruan J Y, Gerendas J, Haerder R, Sattelmacher B. Effect of alternative anions (Cl- vs SO42-) on concentrations of free amino acids in young tea plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 2007, 170: 49-58.
[6]阮建云, 石元值, 马立锋, 吴  洵. 钾营养对茶树几种病害抗性的影响. 土壤, 2003, 35: 165-167.
[7]王晓苹, 阮建云, 伍炳华, 韩文炎, 吴  洵, 姚国坤. 茶树钾素营养特性的研究. 作物学报, 1995, 21: 324-329.
[8]阮建云, 管彦良, 吴  洵. 茶园土壤镁供应状况及镁肥施用效果研究. 中国农业科学, 2002, 35: 815-820.
[9]阮建云, 吴  洵, Härdter R. 茶园土壤钾素容量/强度关系及施用钾镁肥的影响. 茶叶科学, 1996, 16: 93-98.
[10]阮建云, 吴  洵. 钾镁营养供应对茶叶品质和产量的影响. 茶叶科学, 2003, 23(增): 21-26.
[11]阮建云, 吴  洵,  Härdter R. 钾和镁对乌龙茶产量和品质的影响. 茶叶科学, 1997, 17: 9-13.
[12]阮建云, 伍炳华, 吴  洵. 氯化钾在茶园中的增产提质效果. 土壤肥料, 2000, (4): 20-22.
[13]白由路, 金继运, 杨俐苹. 我国土壤有效镁含量及分布状况与含镁肥料的应用前景研究. 土壤肥料, 2004, (2): 3-5.
[14]朱永兴, 陈福兴. 红壤丘陵茶园镁营养调控研究. 茶叶科学, 2003, 23 (增): 34-37.
[15]黄东风, 何春梅, 李清华, 林新坚. 硫酸钾镁肥在红黄壤茶园上的应用效果初报. 中国农学通报, 2005, (10): 192-195.
[16]张文锦, 梁月荣. 铁观音施肥效应的研究. 茶叶, 2004, 30(1): 30-39.
[17]雷  琼, 袁  玲, 黄建国. 施钾对茶园土壤钾素及平衡的影响. 植物营养与肥料学, 2007, 13: 254-261.
[18]Venkatesan S, Ganapathy M N K. Nitrate reductase activity in tea as influenced by various levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2004, 35: 1283-1291.
[19]Venkatesan S, Ganapathy M N K. Impact of nitrogen and potassium fertiliser application on quality of CTC teas. Food Chemistry, 2004, 84: 325-328.
[20]Venkatesan S, Murugesan S, Ganapathy M N K, Verma D P. Long-term impact of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers on yield, soil nutrients and biochemical parameters of tea. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2004, 84: 1939-1944.
[21]Villora G, Moreno D A, Romero L. Potassium supply influences molybdenum, nitrate, and nitrate reductase activity in eggplant. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2003, 26: 659-669.
[22]周桂夙, 肖靖秀, 郑  毅, 汤  利, 朱有勇, 李  隆, 杨进成. 小麦蚕豆间作条件下蚕豆对钾的吸收及对蚕豆赤斑病的影响. 云南农业大学学报, 2005, 20(6): 779-782.
[23]Egilla J N, Davies F T, Jr, Drew M C. Effect of potassium on drought resistance of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis cv. Leprechaun: Plant growth, leaf macro- and micronutrient content and root longevity. Plant and Soil, 2001, 229: 213-224.
[24]Pour A T, Sepaskhah A R, Maftoun M. Plant water relations and seedling growth of three pistachio cultivars as influenced by irrigation frequency and applied potassium. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2005, 28: 1413- 1425.
[25]吴  洵. 茶园中钾, 镁肥的增产效果. 茶叶, 1980, (2): 54.
[26]Malenga N E A, Grice W J. Correction of potassium deficiency in replanted tea in Malawi by remedial application of P and K fertilizers. Potash Review, 1991, (6): 1-3.
[27]Rahman F, Jain N K. Long term response of light leaf Assam tea (Camellia sinensis L. (O) Kuntze) to phosphate and potash application in North East India. Journal of Plantation Crops, 1985, 13: 104-115.
[28]Godziashvili B A, Peterburgsky A V. Potassium and magnesium nutrition of tea on the red soils of Georgia. Potash Review, 1985, (8): 1-6.
[29]陈达中. 茶树磷, 钾肥试验. 茶叶科技通讯, 1973, (2): 9-13.
[30]茹国敏, 吴  洵. 氯化钾在茶园中的肥效和“氯害”试验. 土壤肥料, 1985, (4): 13-17.
[31]陈培清, 吴利荣, 吴家尧. 茶园施钾试验. 广东茶叶科技, 1983, (2): 21-31.
[32]程柱生. 浅谈钾与茶的关系. 茶叶, 1984, (3): 10-13.
[33]湖南省茶叶试验站. 氮, 磷, 钾化肥对茶叶增产效益的实验报告. 1983: 73-77.
[34]吴家尧, 吴利荣. 茶园的钾素肥料. 广东茶叶科技, 1986, (1): 52-56.
[35]吴  全, 徐  泽. 四川茶园土壤速效钾动态变化及施钾效果. 土壤肥料, 1996, (2): 45-46.
[36]林心炯, 郭 专, 周庆惠, 张文锦. 施肥对乌龙茶产量品质的影响. 茶叶科学, 1991, 11(2): 109-116.
[37]程必林. 茶园施用氯化钾试验总结. 安徽茶叶科技, 1987, (1): 1-6.
[38]戚康标, 何德文, 谢美婷. 茶园施用含氯钾肥试验报告. 广东茶叶科技, 1987, (1): 28-32.
[39]马茂桐, 张自立. 红壤茶园施用钾镁硫肥对钾素平衡和茶叶生产的影响. 土壤, 1992, (6): 306-309.
[40]彭福元. 茶树施用镁肥的效应及其影响因素. 广东茶业, 1998, (1): 25-27.
[41]Kamau D M, Owuor P O, Wanyoko J K. Effects of rates and ratios of nitrogen and potash fertilisers on seedling tea at Kericho. II. Yields. Tea, 1999, 20(1): 30-36.
[42]谭和平, 王银华, 李中林. 投产茶园磷, 钾肥施用效果试验. 四川农业科技, 1991, (1): 33-34.
[43]王凯荣, 龚惠群, 卢又伟. 化肥配施对红壤茶园茶叶产量和品质的影响研究. 茶叶, 1993, 19(4): 12-17.
[44]费达云, 张武扬. 施肥对茶叶品质的影响. 茶叶通报, 1991, (2): 15-18.
[45]Manivel L. Effect of potassium nutrition and growth regulators on photosynthesis and assimilate translocation in tea. In: Proceedings of the Internation Seminar on ‘Integrated Crop Management in Tea: Towards Higher Productivity’. Colombo, Sri Lanka, April 26-27, 1994. International Potash Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
[46]厉龙明, 谢学民. 钾肥对茶树光合产物运转, 分配与累积的影响. 浙江农业学报, 1990, 2(1): 35-40.
[47]袴田胜弘著, 吴洵译. 茶树的生育与钾营养. 福建茶叶, 1981, (2): 39-43.
[48]Devchoudhury M N, Bajaj K L. Effects of potassium on nitrogen and carbohydrate contents of tea leaves (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) and quality of made teas. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 1988, 25: 105-107.
[1] LOU YiBao,KANG HongLiang,WANG WenLong,SHA XiaoYan,FENG LanQian,NIE HuiYing,SHI QianHua. Vertical Distribution of Vegetation Roots and Its Influence on Soil Erosion Resistance of Gully Heads on the Gullied Loess Plateau [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 90-103.
[2] LIN XinYing,WANG PengJie,YANG RuXing,ZHENG YuCheng,CHEN XiaoMin,ZHANG Lei,SHAO ShuXian,YE NaiXing. The Albino Mechanism of a New High Theanine Tea Cultivar Fuhuang 1 [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(9): 1831-1845.
[3] LIU Shuo,ZHANG Hui,GAO ZhiYuan,XU JiLi,TIAN Hui. Genetic Variations of Potassium Harvest Index in 437 Wheat Varieties [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(7): 1284-1300.
[4] YU QiLong,HAN YingYan,HAO JingHong,QIN XiaoXiao,LIU ChaoJie,FAN ShuangXi. Effect of Exogenous Spermidine on Nitrogen Metabolism of Lettuce Under High-Temperature Stress [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(7): 1399-1410.
[5] PENG JiaKun, DAI WeiDong, YAN YongQuan, ZHANG Yue, CHEN Dan, DONG MingHua, LÜ MeiLing, LIN Zhi. Study on the Chemical Constituents of Yongchun Foshou Oolong Tea Based on Metabolomics [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(4): 769-784.
[6] FANG MengYing,LU Lin,WANG QingYan,DONG XueRui,YAN Peng,DONG ZhiQiang. Effects of Ethylene-Chlormequat-Potassium on Root Morphological Construction and Yield of Summer Maize with Different Nitrogen Application Rates [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(24): 4808-4822.
[7] LIU ShuJun,LI DongChu,HUANG Jing,LIU LiSheng,WU Ding,LI ZhaoQuan,WU YuanFan,ZHANG HuiMin. Effects of Straw Returning and Potassium Fertilizer on Soil Aggregate and Potassium Distribution Under Rapeseed-Rice Rotation [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4651-4663.
[8] WANG Juan,CHEN HaoNing,SHI DaChuan,YU TianYi,YAN CaiXia,SUN QuanXi,YUAN CuiLing,ZHAO XiaoBo,MOU YiFei,WANG Qi,LI ChunJuan,SHAN ShiHua. Functional Analysis of AhNRT2.7a in Response to Low-Nitrogen in Peanut [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(22): 4356-4372.
[9] HU Xin, ZHANG ZhiLiang, ZHANG Fei, DENG Bo, FANG WeiMin. Comprehensive Evaluation and Selection of Hybrid Offsprings of Large-Flowered Tea Chrysanthemum [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(20): 4036-4051.
[10] MA YuQuan,WANG XiaoLong,LI YuMei,WANG XiaoDi,LIU FengZhi,WANG HaiBo. Differences in Nutrient Absorption and Utilization of 87-1 Grape Variety Under Different Rootstock Facilities [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(19): 3822-3830.
[11] ZHANG ChenXi, TIAN MingHui, YANG Shuo, DU JiaQi, HE TangQing, QIU YunPeng, ZHANG XueLin. Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculant Diversity on Yield, Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake of Maize in Acidic Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(15): 2899-2910.
[12] WU Wei,XU HuiLi,WANG ZhengLiang,YU XiaoPing. Cloning and Function Analysis of a Serine Protease Inhibitor Gene Nlserpin2 in Nilaparvata lugens [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(12): 2338-2346.
[13] XU FangLei,ZHANG Jie,LI Yang,ZHANG WeiWei,BO QiFei,LI ShiQing,YUE ShanChao. Effects of Fertilization Methods on Ammonia Volatilization of Spring Maize in Dry Farming on the Loess Plateau [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(12): 2360-2371.
[14] ZHANG ZeMin,LÜ ChangHe. Photo-Temperature Potential Yield of Spring Wheat at Different Accumulated Temperature Ranges and Its Response to Climate Change in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(11): 2135-2149.
[15] DU JinTing,ZHANG Yan,LI Yan,WANG JiaJia,LIAO Na,ZHONG LiHuang,LUO BiQun,LIN Jiang. Optimization and Mechanism of Ultrasonic-Assisted Two-Phase Extraction of Tea Saponin [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(1): 167-183.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!