玉米雄性不育系晋玉1A的选育及其特性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.002

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The study was aimed to determine the type of the male sterile line of maize, Jinyu1A, by molecular biology and cytology approaches, identify restoring and maintaining relationships of maize germplasm resources to the sterile line, and to test its general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA).【Method】The stability of sterility of Jinyu1A was investigated at 4 locations (Ledong, Jinzhong, Xinzhou and Yuncheng) for successive 3 years. Tassel, anther and pollen grains of Jinyu1A was observed and compared with Zheng58. F₁ pollen grains of Jinyu1A×Chang7-2 were observed by I₂-KI staining. The sterility type of Jinyu1A was identified by specific PCR. Jinyu1A was used as the female parent and test-crossed with 158 maize inbred lines. The fertility of F₁ plants was investigated to screen for the suitable restorer and maintainer lines. The fertility of F₂ and BC₁ population plants was investigated. The grain yield general combining ability and specific combining ability of Jinyu1A were estimated by analyzing the data of its F₁ hybrids.【Result】The sterility characters of Jinyu1A were stable in the 4 locations for the 3 years. The appearance of tassel of Jinyu1A was similar to that of Zheng58, but its glumes were closed, anthers were withered and could not exert out of the glumes, and I₂-KI staining showed that the pollen of Jinyu1A was completely sterile. The microscopical observation on the pollen grains of F₁ hybrid plants of Jinyu1A and Chang7-2 showed that 64.4% of the pollen grains could be stained dark by I₂-KI and 35.6% pollen grains were aborted, which indicated that the sterile line belonged to S-type cytoplasmic sterile lines. The cytoplasm of Jinyu1A and Chang7-2 were identified as S-type male sterile type by specific PCR. The nuclear genome of Chang7-2 carries restorer genes, which concealed the phenotype of cytoplasmic male sterility. The specific primers suggested by ZHENG et al. were more applicable for categorizing maize cytoplasm sterile types. Among 158 inbred lines test-crossed with Jinyu1A as female parent, 96 maintainers, 47 restorers, and 15 semi-restorers were identified. There were 3.1%-8.7% sterile plants in F₂ populations derived from fertile F₁ plants of crosses between Jinyu1A and the restorer lines, which indicated that there were minor effect restorer genes in the restorer lines. There was no significant difference in the grain yields of the hybrids between each of Jinyu1A and Zheng58 as females and other 10 inbred lines as males, respectively. However, the F₁ combining ability analysis of these hybrids showed that the general combining ability of Jinyu1A was slightly higher than that of Zheng58.【Conclusion】Jinyu1A was a S-type cytoplasmic male sterile line with stable male sterile characters and completely aborted pollen grains. There are a certain amount of restorer and maintainer type breeding stocks for Jinyu1A in the present maize germplasm resources. F₁ plants of its hybrid with Chang7-2 could produce normal panicles and disperse fertile pollen. The existence of minor effect restorer gene(s) made the pollen dyeability shift to the direction of fertility, which led to the emergence of a few fertile plants in F₂ populations. There was no significant difference in the grain yield between the hybrids with Jinyu1A and Zheng58 each as female parents test-crossed with the same male parents. The general combining ability of Jinyu1A was slightly higher than that of Zheng58, indicating that it could be used in the breeding programs for selecting new maize hybrids and male sterile lines.

Key words: maize, male sterility, restorer gene, combining ability

ZHANG HuanHuan,CUI GuiMei,WANG ChangBiao,WANG XiaoQing,HAO YaoShan,DU JianZhong,WANG YiXue,SUN Yi. Breeding and Characteristics of a New Male Sterile Line of Maize, Jinyu1A[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(21): 4322-4332.

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References 36

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引物名称 Primer name	序列 Sequence (5’-3’)	产物大小 Product size (bp)	参考文献 Reference
CMST-F	CATGAAATGGGTGAAGTCTCTTTC	440	[16]
CMST-R	AAGAGAAAGGGAGACTTTGGTCCC	440
CMSC-F	AGCATCATCCACATTCGCTAG	398
CMSC-R	AGCATCATCCACATTCGCTAG	398
CMSS-F	CAACTTATTACGAGGCTGATGC	799
CMSS-R	AGTTCGTCCCATATACCCGTAC	799
CMST-1	GTCGTGTCCTGGTAGCCT	435	[17]
CMST-2	CCTCCTTCATTCCGTTGT	435
CMSC-1	TGAAAGGGTGGTGGAATA	698
CMSC-2	GAGCCAAAGTAATGAGAAAA	698
CMSS-1	GATGCTATGCTAAGCGAGAT	885
CMSS-2	CCGCTAACCCACTCTTCT	885

年份 Year	群体 Population	总株数 Total No.	不育株 Sterile plant	可育株 Normal plant	不育率 Sterile rate (%)
2017	（昌7-2×郑58）×郑58 (Chang7-2×Zheng58)×Zheng58	48	25	23	52.1
2016	晋玉1A×昌7-2 F₂群体 F₂population of Jinyu1A×Chang7-2	205	12	193	8.7
2016	晋玉1A×G155 F₂群体 F₂population of Jinyu1A×G155	196	6	190	3.1
2016	晋玉1A×昌7-2无叶舌 F₂群体 F₂population of Jinyu1A×Chang7-2 liguleless	201	7	194	3.4
2017	晋玉1A×昌7-2 F₂群体 F₂population of Jinyu1A×Chang7-2	343	24	319	7.0

变异来源 Variation source	自由度 df	平方和 SS	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	F_0.05	F_0.01
区组Group	2	5428484.75	2714242.37	2.5438	2.9957	4.6052
父本一般配合力 Male general combining ability	9	71335846.48	7926205.16	7.4285**	1.8799	2.4073
母本一般配合力 Female general combining ability	1	786731.79	786731.79	0.7373	3.8415	6.6349
互作 Interaction	16	18321561.15	1145097.57	1.0732	1.6435	2.0000
误差 Error	31	62953214.52	1067003.64
总变异 Total variation	59	158825838.69

自交系 Inbred lines	一般配合力 General combining ability	一般配合力效应值 General combining ability effect (%)	自交系 Inbred lines	一般配合力 General combining ability	一般配合力效应值 General combining ability effect (%)
PH4CV	-741.31	-6.12	昌7-2 Chang7-2	705.11	5.82
PHB1M	932.83	7.70	G154	-500.23	-4.13
PH6WC	872.56	7.20	G30	-768.09	-6.34
B73	-747.99	-6.17	G31	1133.71	9.36
L269	1307.86	10.79	晋玉1A Jinyu1A	114.51	0.94
Mo17	-2194.45	-18.11	郑58 Zheng58	-114.51	-0.94

杂交组合 Hybrid combination	特殊配合力 Specific combining ability	特殊配合力效应值 Specific combining ability effect (%)	杂交组合 Hybrid combination	特殊配合力 Specific combining ability	特殊配合力效应值 Specific combining ability effect (%)
晋玉1A×PH4CV Jinyu1A×PH4CV	-188.14	-1.55	郑58×PH4CV Zheng58×PH4CV	188.14	1.55
晋玉1A×PHB1M Jinyu1A×PHB1M	-0.71	-0.01	郑58×PHB1M Zheng58×PHB1M	0.71	0.01
晋玉1A×PH6WC Jinyu1A×PH6WC	193.52	1.60	郑58×PH6WC Zheng58×PH6WC	-193.52	-1.60
晋玉1A×B73 Jinyu1A×B73	622.10	5.13	郑58×B73 Zheng58×B73	-622.10	-5.13
晋玉1A×L269 Jinyu1A×L269	227.02	1.87	郑58×L269 Zheng58×L269	-227.02	-1.87
晋玉1A×Mo17 Jinyu1A×Mo17	-368.96	-3.04	郑58×Mo17 Zheng58×Mo17	368.96	3.04
晋玉1A×昌7-2 Jinyu1A×Chang7-2	-844.44	-6.97	郑58×昌7-2 Zheng58×Chang7-2	844.44	6.97
晋玉1A×G154 Jinyu1A×G154	561.85	4.64	郑58×G154 Zheng58×G154	-561.85	-4.64
晋玉1A×G30 Jinyu1A×G30	722.55	5.96	郑58×G30 Zheng58×G30	-722.55	-5.96
晋玉1A×G31 Jinyu1A×G31	-924.79	-7.63	郑58×G31 Zheng58×G31	924.79	7.63

Breeding and Characteristics of a New Male Sterile Line of Maize, Jinyu1A

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