吉林省农田土壤肥力现状及变化特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.23.021

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Thirty years have passed since the second national soil survey ended, farmland soil fertility has changed tremendously due to the impact of cultivation activities, cultivar, and tillage way. It is thus important to explore the status of field soil fertility in order to achieve effective utilization of soil resources and sustainable development of cultivation.【Method】The status of field soil fertility was analyzed by massive data of soil sampled in “soil testing and fertilizer recommendation project” in Jilin Province during 2005-2010, and change characteristics of soil nutrients were explored by comparing it with the data of the second national soil survey.【Result】Soil pH is at 6.6 on average in Jilin Province presently; organic matter, alkalystic N, available P, and available K was 26.1 g·kg^-1, 146.8 mg·kg^-1, 26.7 mg·kg^-1, and 121.9 mg·kg^-1 on average, respectively. Compared with results from the second national soil survey, soil organic matter reduced significantly, alkalystic N and available P increased, and available K decreased slightly. Soil nutrient has significant differences in different areas in Jilin Province. From East to West, soil pH increased; organic matter, alkalystic N and available P decreased; available K in the East was remarkably lower than that in the other areas. 【Conclusion】There were effective measures, such as scientific and rational fertilization, combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and straw return, to prevent soil acidification, to increase soil fertility, and to relieve soil potassium deficiency during the farmland cultivation in Jilin Province.

Key words: fertility, different ecological areas, Jilin Province, soil testing and fertilizer recommendation, soil survey

YAN Li, WANG Yin, FENG Guo-zhong, GAO Qiang. Status and Change Characteristics of Farmland Soil Fertility in Jilin Province[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(23): 4800-4810.

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