分层供水施磷对冬小麦生长及水分利用效率的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.01.010

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Experiments on effects of water supply and phosphorus application in different depths on root distribution and grain yield of winter wheat are of theoretical and practical importance to phosphorus and growth in dryland farming. 【Method】A cylindrical pot experiment was conducted with Eum-Ortllic Anthrosols (Cinnamon soils) to study the effects of water supply and phosphorus application in different depths on root distribution, grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat. There were three phosphorus levels including no phosphorus (CK) and P was placed either in the topsoil at 0-30 cm (UP) or in the subsoil at 30-60 cm (LP). Water treatments were introduced to provide ample water supply with both topsoil and subsoil wet (W) and dry topsoil but ample water supply in the subsoil (D). 【Result】 The results showed that there were large difference in root distribution, yield and WUE of wheat among different treatments. Compared with W treatment, D treatment reduced 0-30 cm root biomass by 19.6%, but the 30-60 cm root biomass increased by 18.8%. The phosphorus treatments affected the distribution of roots more than total root biomass. Root biomass was increased at the site of placement where phosphorus was applied, and placement of phosphorus at 30-60 cm increased with deep placement compared to placement at 0-30 cm under water treatment of D condition. The different water treatments significantly affected yield and WUE of wheat (P＜0.01). Phosphorus application caused higher production and WUE, increased by 10.0% and 47.4%, respectively. The placement of fertilizer P on them played different roles under two water treatments. Under D condition, placement of phosphorus at 30-60 cm produced higher yields and WUE than placement at 0-30 cm, increased by 11.2% and 28.6%; on the contrary, placement of phosphorus at 30-60 cm decreased yields and WUE by 41.1% and 37.9% under ample water supply with both topsoil and subsoil wet. 【Conclusion】 The simulated study suggested that deep placement of fertilizer phosphorus caused greater root growth, better water use efficiency and higher production under two water conditions, especially in dry topsoil but ample water supply in the subsoil .

Key words: water supply and phosphorus application in different depths, winter wheat, root distribution, yield, WUE

KANG Li-Yun, LI Shi-Qing. Influence of Water Supply and Phosphorus Application in Different Depth on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(1): 85-92.

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