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Current Research Status and Future Prospects of Genetic Diversity of Magnaporthe grisea Fungus

SHEN Ying1, LI Cheng-yun2   

  1. 1、China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006;
    2、Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biodiversity and Pest Management of China Education Ministry, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
  • Online:2007-12-31 Published:2007-12-31

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Abstract: Four hundred and fifty-five isolates belonging to 48 different pathotypes of Magnaporthe grisea in China have been classified into 56 separate lineages using a digest combination MGR586/EcoR1. The mating type and genetic diversity of 522 M. grisea isolates from China, India, Nepal, Bangladeshi, and Vietnam were detected with 4 international standard isolates. The SSR analysis was firstly used to detect the genetic diversity of 125 rice blast isolates from Yanxi blast nursery in Hunan Province for 3 years and the interaction between blast fungus and rice varieties, 6 genetic lineages were presented among 105 tested isolates. The pathogenicity of 30 representative isolates belonging to 21 races and 9 lineages from 18 provinces in China was tested on 159 rice cultivars from both home and abroad collaborated with CIRAD, the corresponding relationship between races and cultivars and resistance range was exploited. A set of 13 isolates CH63, CH72, PH14, PH14D3C12No.7, 101/1/1, 101/4/8 was selected as a recognized isolates. Seventeen cultivars with known resistance genes, 26 cultivars/lines with new deduced resistance gene Pi-33（t）and 12 parental materials with broad-spectrum resistance were identified. Five crosses of M. grisea were analyzed by our joint research for analysis the avirulence genes. Three combinations of 2539×Guyll, CH63×TH16, 95-23-4a×94-64-1b were tested with 346 pairs of SSR primers for study on their polymorphism and map construction, that integrated the marker number of blast mapping increasing from 152 in 1997 to 306 and also made the density and finesse greatly improved. Based on the pathogenicity test of the parents of the later two combinations to 12 rice cultivars including K59, the avirulence genes were mapped onto No.1, No.4, and No.7 chromosome according to their linked SSR markers respectively. Avr-Xiu was mapped by using RAPD markers. It will facilitate the studies of new avirulence gene analysis, gene mapping and genetic map construction of M. grisea in China. After making a domestic and international cooperation and combining with the results of other researchers’, the authors in present paper looked back the research achivements on genetic diversity of Magnaporthe grisea fungus and discussed its future prospects also.

Key words: Magnaporthe grisea , Hermaphroditic isolates , Mating type , Genetic diversity , RFLP , SSR , Avirulence gene

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