山东省小麦玉米秸秆资源分布与还田减肥潜力

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.11.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Shandong Province is the main wheat and maize producing province in North China. Clarifying the spatial distribution characteristics of wheat and maize straw resources and nutrient substitution potential of straw return of this province could provide the decision support for comprehensive utilization of crop straw and fertilizer reduction.【Method】In this research, the wheat and maize straw yield and substitution potential of nutrient by straw return in different areas of Shandong Province were estimated by straw-to-grain ratio method, based on statistic yearbook data and published literature review.【Result】The annual outputs of wheat and maize straw were 29.28 and 22.52 million tons, respectively, in Shandong Province during 2019-2021. The proportions of wheat and maize straw resources in different regions were ranked as follows: North Shandong (34.9% and 34.7%)>Southwest Shandong (27.6% and 24.9%)>Central Shandong (20.2% and 21.4%)>East Shandong (9.1% and 11.3%)>Southeast Shandong (8.2% and 7.8%). The order of collectable wheat straw per unit area was North Shandong (5 573 kg·hm^-2)>Southwest Shandong (5 380 kg·hm^-2)>Central Shandong (5 361 kg·hm^-2)>Southeast Shandong (5 088 kg·hm^-2)>East Shandong (4 968 kg·hm^-2). The order of collectable maize straw per unit area was Southwest Shandong (5 121 kg·hm^-2)>North Shandong (5 034 kg·hm^-2)>Southeast Shandong (4 807 kg·hm^-2)>Central Shandong (4 790 kg·hm^-2)>East Shandong (4 709 kg·hm^-2). At the municipal level, the straw resources were mainly distributed in Heze, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Jining and Weifang. The wheat and maize straw yields of these cities accounted for 57.5% and 55.5%, respectively. However, the proportions of wheat and maize straw outputs from Dongying, Zibo, Rizhao and Weihai were only 7.2% and 8.0%, respectively. In Shandong Province, the amounts of nutrient from wheat straw were 0.1394 million tons of N, 0.0513 million tons of P₂O₅, and 0.5090 million tons of K₂O. For maize straw, the outputs of nutrient were 0.1665 million tons of N, 0.0658 million tons of P₂O₅, and 0.3660 million tons of K₂O. In the regional scale, the substituting potentials of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O through wheat straw return were 16.7-18.7, 7.8-8.7 and 110.4-123.8 kg·hm^-2, respectively. The maize straw incorporation could substitute chemical fertilizers of N 25.4-27.6, P₂O₅11.8-12.8 and K₂O 83.2-90.5 kg·hm^-2 theoretically.【Conclusion】In summary, there were some differences in total straw yield and collectable straw per unit area among different wheat-maize rotation areas of Shandong Province. Therefore, these appropriate policies should be formulated based on local conditions to promote efficient utilization of wheat and maize straw resources. The fertilizer replacement potential of returned straw should be considered for nutrient management in wheat-maize rotation system, which was conducive to chemical fertilizer reduction and green agricultural development.

Key words: wheat, maize, straw resources, straw incorporation, chemical fertilizer substitution, Shandong Province

CHAI RuShan, ZHU LiQing, LIU MengYang, LUO LaiChao, ZHANG LiangLiang, CHENG QiPeng, ZHANG ChaoChun. Distribution of Wheat and Maize Straw Resources in Shandong Province and Fertilizer Reduction Potential Under Straw Return[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(11): 2202-2214.

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References 41

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区域 Region	小麦秸秆还田Wheat straw return			玉米秸秆还田Maize straw return
区域 Region	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	N	P₂O₅	K₂O
鲁北NSD	18.7±0.3	8.7±0.1	123.8±2.1	27.1±0.2	12.6±0.1	88.9±0.7
鲁中CSD	18.0±0.3	8.4±0.1	119.1±1.8	25.8±0.2	12.0±0.1	84.6±0.6
鲁东ESD	16.7±0.4	7.8±0.2	110.4±2.4	25.4±0.8	11.8±0.4	83.2±2.8
鲁西南SWSD	18.0±0.4	8.4±0.2	119.5±2.4	27.6±0.3	12.8±0.1	90.5±1.0
鲁东南SESD	17.1±0.3	8.0±0.1	113.0±1.9	25.9±0.1	12.1±0.0	84.9±0.3

Distribution of Wheat and Maize Straw Resources in Shandong Province and Fertilizer Reduction Potential Under Straw Return

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[2]	ZHOU Quan, LU QiuMei, ZHAO ZhangChen, WU ChenRan, FU XiaoGe, ZHAO YuJiao, HAN Yong, LIN HuaiLong, CHEN WeiLin, MOU LiMing, LI XingMao, WANG ChangHai, HU YinGang, CHEN Liang. Identification of Drought Resistance of 244 Spring Wheat Varieties at Seedling Stage [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(9): 1646-1657.
[3]	ZHANG Ying, SHI TingRui, CAO Rui, PAN WenQiu, SONG WeiNing, WANG Li, NIE XiaoJun. Genome-Wide Association Study of Drought Tolerance at Seedling Stage in ICARDA-Introduced Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(9): 1658-1673.
[4]	YAN Wen, JIN XiuLiang, LI Long, XU ZiHan, SU Yue, ZHANG YueQiang, JING RuiLian, MAO XinGuo, SUN DaiZhen. Drought Resistance Evaluation of Synthetic Wheat at Grain Filling Using UAV-Based Multi-Source Imagery Data [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(9): 1674-1686.
[5]	ZANG ShaoLong, LIU LinRu, GAO YueZhi, WU Ke, HE Li, DUAN JianZhao, SONG Xiao, FENG Wei. Classification and Identification of Nitrogen Efficiency of Wheat Varieties Based on UAV Multi-Temporal Images [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(9): 1687-1708.
[6]	FAN Hong, YIN Wen, HU FaLong, FAN ZhiLong, ZHAO Cai, YU AiZhong, HE Wei, SUN YaLi, WANG Feng, CHAI Qiang. Compensation Potential of Dense Planting on Nitrogen Reduction in Maize Yield in Oasis Irrigation Area [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(9): 1709-1721.
[7]	HAN XiaoJie, REN ZhiJie, LI ShuangJing, TIAN PeiPei, LU SuHao, MA Geng, WANG LiFang, MA DongYun, ZHAO YaNan, WANG ChenYang. Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on Carbon and Nitrogen Content of Soil Aggregates and Wheat Yield [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(9): 1766-1778.
[8]	ZHAO BoHui, ZHANG YingQuan, JING DongLin, LIU BaoHua, CHENG YuanYuan, SU YuHuan, TANG Na, ZHANG Bo, GUO BoLi, WEI YiMin. A Study on the Quality Stability of Wheat Grains at Designated Locations Across Multiple Years [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(9): 1833-1844.
[9]	LI YongFei, LI ZhanKui, ZHANG ZhanSheng, CHEN YongWei, KANG JianHong, WU HongLiang. Effects of Postponing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Flag Leaf Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Spring Wheat Under High Temperature Stress [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(8): 1455-1468.
[10]	DONG HuiXue, CHEN Qian, GUO XiaoJiang, WANG JiRui. Research on the Mechanisms of Pre-Harvest Sprouting and Resistant Breeding in Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(7): 1237-1254.
[11]	LIU ZeHou, WANG Qin, YE MeiJin, WAN HongShen, YANG Ning, YANG ManYu, YANG WuYun, LI Jun. Utilization Efficiency of Improving the Resistance for Pre-Harvest Sprouting by Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat and Chinese Wheat Landrace [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(7): 1255-1266.
[12]	LIANG WangZhuang, TANG YaNan, LIU JiaHui, GUO XiaoJiang, DONG HuiXue, QI PengFei, WANG JiRui. Effect of Flour and Cooking/Baking Qualities by Sprouted Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(7): 1267-1280.
[13]	GAO ChenKai, LIU ShuiMiao, LI YuMing, ZHAO ZhiHeng, SHAO Jing, YU HaoLin, WU PengNian, WANG YanLi, GUAN XiaoKang, WANG TongChao, WEN PengFei. The Related Driving Factors of Water Use Efficiency and Its Prediction Model Construction in Winter Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(7): 1281-1294.
[14]	WANG ChengZe, ZHANG Yan, FU Wei, JIA JingZhe, DONG JinGao, SHEN Shen, HAO ZhiMin. Bioinformatics and Expression Pattern Analysis of Maize ACO Gene Family [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(7): 1308-1318.
[15]	GAO ChenXi, HAO LuYang, HU Yue, LI YongXiang, ZHANG DengFeng, LI ChunHui, SONG YanChun, SHI YunSu, WANG TianYu, LI Yu, LIU XuYang. Analysis of Transposable Element Associated Epigenetic Regulation under Drought in Maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(6): 1034-1048.