211份板栗种质资源花序表型多样性和聚类分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.22.013

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The study on the diversity and genetic rules of catkin phenotypic traits of 211 Chinese chestnut germplasms from 10 provinces was conducted, in order to provide valuable basic data and theory foundation for the protection, utilization, innovation and genetic improvement of existing germplasm resources. 【Method】According to the method described in Descriptors and Data Standard for chestnut(Castanea mollissima Bl.), the data were collected for 15 phenotypic parameters of catkin phenotypic traits from 211 Chinese chestnut germplasms from 10 provinces in Germplasm Repository of chestnut of Changli Institute of Pomology, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. Then, the genetic variation analysis, Shannon-index, correlation andprincipal component analysis of chestnut flower phenotypic traits were carried out by using the SPSS20.0 software. The Chinese chestnut were clustered using MEGA 7.0 according to morphological data.【Result】phenotypic traits related catkin of Chinese chestnut were rich in phenotypic diversity, with mean variation coefficient (CV) of 28.23% and Shannon's diversity index(H') of 1.70. The mean variation coefficient (CV = 60.66) of female flower numbers/bearing shoot was the largest, the mean variation coefficient (CV = 7.37）of male catkin numbers/ catkin numbers was the smallest. The Shannon's diversity index (H'=1.99）of floral axis width/catkin width was the highest, The Shannon's diversity index (H'=1.41) of bisexual catkin numbers/bearing shoot and bisexual catkin numbers/catkin numbers were the lowest. Further analysis showed that the phenotypic diversity of Chinese chestnut existed differences among 10 populations, which was the highest in Hebei province. Catkin length, floral axis width, catkin density, female flower numbers/bearing shoot, bisexual catkin numbers/catkin numbers, male catkin numbers/catkin numbers, female flower numbers/bearing shoot were highly significant, which indicated that a wide range of variation existed in these two levels. The correlation analysis showed that: catkin morphology traits were highly significantly or extreme significantly related, catkin number traits were highly significantly or extreme significantly related, and the correlation between catkin morphology traits and catkin number traits were not highly significantly related. Principal component analysis showed that catkin traits in the first 5 principal components reflect the total information content 84.18%, catkin length, bisexual catkin numbers/bearing shoot, catkin width, catkin length/catkin width, female flower numbers/ bearing shoot, male catkin numbers/catkin numbers, bisexual catkin numbers/catkin numbers, stamen length height characters were the main factors causing variation in traits of Chinese chestnut. The 211 materials were divided into 8 kinds of cluster analysis. Catkin character same source with similar material part could get together, and the results were similar to principal component analysis.【Conclusion】There were abundant variation and high genetic diversity degree based on the phenotype of catkin phenotypic traits of Chinese chestnut. The degree of genetic variation and diversity was different between regions, for there were significant differences in traits between populations. The correlations between catkin morphology traits and catkin number traits were not highly significantly related. 8 traits were selected to be as the important comprehensive evaluation indexes used for Chinese chestnut germplasm. 9 chestnut germplasm with more female flowers was selected as parent materials to control sex and improve the yield.

Key words: chestnut, germplasms, phenotypic trait, catkin, diversity, cluster analysis

LI Ying,ZHANG ShuHang,GUO Yan,ZHANG XinFang,WANG GuangPeng. Catkin Phenotypic Diversity and Cluster Analysis of 211 Chinese Chestnut Germplasms[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(22): 4667-4682.

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Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Name, source and number of 211 resources in chestnut"

序号 No.	来源 Source	资源名称 Name	序号 No.	来源 Source	资源名称 Name
1	河北Hebei	燕宝 Yanbao	40	河北Hebei	西寨2号 Xizhai 2
2	河北Hebei	燕秋 Yanqiu	41	河北Hebei	西寨1号 Xizhai 1
3	河北Hebei	燕丽 Yanli	42	河北Hebei	邢台薄皮 Xingtaibaopi
4	河北Hebei	燕紫 Yanzi	43	河北Hebei	邢台垂枝 Xingtaichuizhi
5	河北Hebei	遵化短刺 Zunhuadanci	44	河北Hebei	后南峪垂枝 Hounayuchuizhi
6	河北Hebei	遵玉 Zunyu	45	河北Hebei	替码燕明 Timayanming
7	河北Hebei	宽城榆树沟 Kuanchengyushugou	46	河北Hebei	变异燕明 Bianyiyanming
8	河北Hebei	大桑园1号 Dasangyuan 1	47	河北Hebei	抚宁薄皮 Funingbaopi
9	河北Hebei	东冰窖1号 Dongbingjiao 1	48	河北Hebei	前3 Qian 3
10	河北Hebei	金杖子1号 Jinzhangzi 1	49	河北Hebei	大板红 Dabanhong
11	河北Hebei	金杖子2号 Jinzhangzi 2	50	河北Hebei	84--2
12	河北Hebei	桥7 Qiao 7	51	河北Hebei	小官10 Xiaoguan 10
13	河北Hebei	早3113 Zao 3113	52	河北Hebei	大官10 Da guan 10
14	河北Hebei	屈家早 Qujiazao	53	河北Hebei	燕山短枝 Yanshandanzhi
15	河北Hebei	兴隆短刺 Xinglongduanci	54	河北Hebei	早丰 Zaofeng
16	河北Hebei	大3113 Da 3113	55	河北Hebei	北峪2号 Beiyu 2
17	河北Hebei	陈中熟 Chenzhongshu	56	河北Hebei	东陵明珠 DonglingMingzhu
18	河北Hebei	白露 Bailu	57	河北Hebei	10补栽 10 Buzhai
19	河北Hebei	大青裂 Daqinglie	58	河北Hebei	达1-3 DA 1-3
20	河北Hebei	xl-001	59	河北Hebei	侯庄2号 Houzhuang 2
21	河北Hebei	xl-002	60	河北Hebei	贾庄1号 Jiazhuang 1
22	河北Hebei	迁西壮栗 Qianxizhuangli	61	河北Hebei	干2-2 Gan2-2
23	河北Hebei	崔1 Cui 1	62	河北Hebei	岔3 Cha 3
24	河北Hebei	艾峪口 Aiyukou	63	河北Hebei	沙坡峪3号 Shapoyu 3
25	河北Hebei	熊84 Xiong 84	64	河北Hebei	燕栗2号 Yanli 2
26	河北Hebei	迁西早红 Qianxizaohong	65	河北Hebei	关堂64 Guantang 64
27	河北Hebei	去暑红 Qushuhong	66	河北Hebei	龙湾1号 Longwan 1
28	河北Hebei	青龙白 Qinglongbai	67	河北Hebei	龙湾5号 Longwan 5
29	河北Hebei	燕兴 Yanxing	68	河北Hebei	石场子2-2 Shichangzi2-2
30	河北Hebei	28-11	69	河北Hebei	杨家峪13 Yanjiayu 13
31	河北Hebei	84--3	70	河北Hebei	西沟7号 Xigou 7
32	河北Hebei	919	71	河北Hebei	刑台丰收1 Xingtaifengshou 1
33	河北Hebei	X12-55	72	河北Hebei	塔54 Ta 54
34	河北Hebei	石场子1-1 Shichangzi1-1	73	河北Hebei	上庄52 Shangzhuang 52
35	河北Hebei	燕奎 Yankiui	74	河北Hebei	下庄4号 Xiazhuang 4
36	河北Hebei	早1 Zao 1	75	河北Hebei	燕金 Yanjin
37	河北Hebei	早2 Zao 2	76	河北Hebei	杨家峪5号 Yangjiayu 5
38	河北Hebei	早3 Zao 3	77	河北Hebei	浡1 Bo 1
39	河北Hebei	邢台早熟 Xingtaizaoshu	78	河北Hebei	大录洞 Daludong
79	河北Hebei	凤2 Feng 2	119	河北Hebei	燕光 Yanguang
80	河北Hebei	东沟峪39 Dongguoyu 39	120	河北Hebei	燕晶 Yanjing
81	河北Hebei	赵杖子11 Zhaozhangzi 11	121	河北Hebei	粗城大屯 Kuanchengdatun
82	河北Hebei	牛1 Niu 1	122	河北Hebei	粗城下六 Kuanchengxialiu
83	河北Hebei	杨家峪1号 Yangjiayu 1	123	河北Hebei	X19-94
84	河北Hebei	何家坟5 Hejiafeng 5	124	河北Hebei	塌山1号 Tashan 1
85	河北Hebei	M17-21	125	北京Beijing	京暑红 Jingshuhong
86	河北Hebei	波叶树 Boyeshu	126	北京Beijing	BJHJ1
87	河北Hebei	M18-16	127	北京Beijing	BJHH1
88	河北Hebei	1209	128	北京Beijing	北京8号 Beijing 8
89	河北Hebei	硕丰 Shuofeng	129	北京Beijing	黑8 Hei 8
90	河北Hebei	D5-71	130	北京Beijing	燕昌 Yanchang
91	河北Hebei	沙坡峪1号 Shapoyu 1	131	北京Beijing	燕红 Yanhong
92	河北Hebei	塔14 Ta 14	132	北京Beijing	燕丰 Yanfeng
93	河北Hebei	桑6 Sang 6	133	北京Beijing	怀丰 Huaifeng
94	河北Hebei	长南庄2号 Changnanzhuang 2	134	北京Beijing	燕平 Yanping
95	河北Hebei	杨家峪1-6 Yangjiayu 1-6	135	北京Beijing	良乡1号 Liangxiang 1
96	河北Hebei	桑1 Sang 1	136	北京Beijing	BJHW
97	河北Hebei	园门实生 Yuanmenshisheng	137	山东Shandong	红栗 Hongli
98	河北Hebei	后南峪丰收1号 Hounanyufengshou1	138	山东Shandong	徐家1号 Xujia 1
99	河北Hebei	周家峪6号 Zhoujiayu 6	139	山东Shandong	尖顶油栗 Jiandingyouli
100	河北Hebei	H7-5	140	山东Shandong	双合大红袍 Shuanghedahongpao
101	河北Hebei	H8-1	141	山东Shandong	华光 Huaguang
102	河北Hebei	燕明 Yanming	142	山东Shandong	华丰 Huafeng
103	河北Hebei	兴隆早栗子 Xinglongzaolizi	143	山东Shandong	杂35 Za 35
104	河北Hebei	迁西署红 Qianxishuhong	144	山东Shandong	野杂 Yeza
105	河北Hebei	东荒峪早 Donghuangyuzao	145	山东Shandong	黄棚 Huangpeng
106	河北Hebei	青刘1号 Qingliu 1	146	山东Shandong	沂蒙短枝 Yimengduanzhi
107	河北Hebei	迁李1号 Qianli 1	147	山东Shandong	泰栗1号 Taili 1
108	河北Hebei	南天门乡 Nantianmenxiang	148	山东Shandong	金丰 Jinfeng
109	河北Hebei	大兰口 Dalankou	149	山东Shandong	红光 Hongguang
110	河北Hebei	昌徐1号 Changxu 1	150	山东Shandong	泰安薄壳 Taianbaoke
111	河北Hebei	昌左1号 Changzu 1	151	山东Shandong	新选1号 Xinxuan 1
112	河北Hebei	邢陆1号 Xinglu 1	152	山东Shandong	石丰 Shifeng
113	河北Hebei	迁西牛1 Qianxiniu 1	153	山东Shandong	早实丰Zaoshifeng
114	河北Hebei	去暑红-1 Qushuhong-1	154	山东Shandong	大粒 Dali
115	河北Hebei	去暑红-2 Qushuhong-2	155	山东Shandong	郯城3号 Tancheng 3
116	河北Hebei	邢台短枝 Xingtaiduanzhi	156	山东Shandong	金平 Jinping
117	河北Hebei	替码珍珠 Timazhenzhu	157	山东Shandong	东岳早丰 Dongyuezaofeng
118	河北Hebei	迁早1 Qianzao 1	158	山东Shandong	岱岳早丰 Daiyuezaofeng
159	山东Shandong	黑烟青 Heiyanqing	186	江苏Jiangsu	焦扎 Jiaozha
160	山东Shandong	烟泉 Yanquan	187	江苏Jiangsu	焦杂 Jiaoza
161	山东Shandong	烟青 Yanqing	188	江苏Jiangsu	宜兴大红袍 Yixingdahongpao
162	山东Shandong	鲁栗3号 Luli 3	189	江苏Jiangsu	处暑红 Chushuhong
163	山东Shandong	鲁栗2号 Luli 2	190	江苏Jiangsu	青毛软刺 Qingmaoruanci
164	湖北Hubei	罗田乌壳栗 Luotianwukeli	191	江苏Jiangsu	重阳蒲 Chongyangpu
165	湖北Hubei	DL-1	192	江苏Jiangsu	九家种 Jiujiazhog
166	湖北Hubei	DL-2	193	浙江Zhejiang	浙早1号 Zhezao 1
167	湖北Hubei	DL-3	194	浙江Zhejiang	上光栗 Shangguangli
168	湖北Hubei	DL-4	195	浙江Zhejiang	毛板红 Maobanhong
169	湖北Hubei	六月暴 Liuyuebao	196	浙江Zhejiang	浙江魁栗 Zhejiangkuili
170	湖北Hubei	八月红 Bayuehong	197	安徽Anhui	大红袍 Dahongpao
171	湖北Hubei	玫瑰红 Meiguihong	198	安徽Anhui	软刺早 Ruancizao
172	湖北Hubei	鄂栗1号 Eli 1	199	安徽Anhui	粘底板 Niandiban
173	湖北Hubei	罗田林科所Luotianlinkesuo	200	广西Guangxi	广西14-1 Guangxi 14-1
174	湖北Hubei	桂花香 Guihuaxiang	201	广西Guangxi	广西14-2 Guangxi 14-2
175	湖南Hunan	桐优-33 Tongyou-33	202	广西Guangxi	广西14-3 Guangxi 14-3
176	湖南Hunan	双季栗 Shuangjili	203	广西Guangxi	广西14-4 Guangxi 14-4
177	湖南Hunan	安优1号 Anyou 1	204	广西Guangxi	广西14-5 Guangxi 14-5
178	湖南Hunan	步城优株 Buchengyouzhu	205	广西Guangxi	广西14-6 Guangxi 14-6
179	湖南Hunan	临湘优株1号 LinxiangYouzhu 1	206	广西Guangxi	广西油栗 Guangxiyouli
180	湖南Hunan	林场优株 Lichangyouzhu	207	广西Guangxi	广西玉林 Guangxiyulin
181	湖南Hunan	石门优株 Shimenyouzhu	208	陕西Shaanxi	长安明捡栗 Changanmingjianli
182	湖南Hunan	临湘优株2号 LinxiangYouzhu 2	209	陕西Shaanxi	金真晚栗 Jinzhenwanli
183	湖南Hunan	湖南黔栗 Hunanqianli	210	陕西Shaanxi	金真栗 Jinzhenli
184	湖南Hunan	黄花优株 Huanghuayouzhu	211	陕西Shaanxi	镇巴双法 Zhenbashuangfa
185	湖南Hunan	新田优株 Xintianyouzhu

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Variation coefficient and diversity indexes of phenotypic traits of Chinese chestnut indifferent populations"

性状 Trait	河北 Hebei		北京 Beijing		山东 Shandong		湖北 Hubei		湖南 Hunan		江苏 Jiangsu		浙江 Zhejiang		安徽 Anhui		广西 Guangxi		陕西 Shaanxi
性状 Trait	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'	CV (%)	H'
花序长度CL	14.03	2.02	9.15	1.70	19.34	1.67	13.82	1.41	10.48	1.80	18.04	1.28	10.86	1.04	9.11	0.64	20.55	1.67	24.90	1.39
花序粗度CW	22.80	2.05	20.54	1.68	20.85	1.74	23.84	1.47	28.71	1.41	11.31	1.75	4.64	1.04	16.41	1.10	38.40	1.21	24.83	1.39
花序小花簇密度 DC	17.86	1.80	10.64	1.68	11.82	1.97	29.19	1.29	9.74	1.89	28.89	0.96	5.38	1.04	18.18	0.64	15.38	1.73	7.56	1.39
花轴粗度FAW	15.40	2.02	8.39	2.02	26.61	1.93	13.07	1.67	16.35	1.50	9.05	1.55	23.21	1.04	5.15	1.10	16.73	1.21	20.53	1.04
雄蕊长度SL	19.09	2.07	15.30	1.86	34.80	1.78	17.70	1.64	15.47	1.72	11.08	1.75	30.64	1.04	7.91	1.10	14.22	1.39	20.39	1.04
花序长粗比 CL/CW	19.45	1.96	14.54	1.82	48.34	1.41	17.45	1.64	19.37	1.85	23.55	1.75	20.21	1.04	5.06	1.10	25.89	1.56	9.67	1.39
花轴长粗比 FAL/FAW	25.87	1.96	24.29	1.86	29.90	2.01	18.79	1.64	26.92	1.89	24.39	1.55	14.07	1.39	17.43	1.10	31.35	1.49	21.07	1.39
序轴粗度比 FAW/CW	21.72	2.00	22.57	1.94	26.23	1.79	23.66	1.42	17.13	1.77	11.67	1.75	19.25	1.39	14.24	1.10	23.53	1.21	14.31	1.39
雄花序个数/果枝 MCN/BS	27.65	2.05	35.36	1.42	39.13	1.89	29.70	1.77	27.45	1.55	29.11	1.55	49.58	1.04	17.06	1.10	32.58	1.56	16.69	1.39
两性花序个数/果枝 BCN/BS	50.87	1.99	69.10	1.27	65.43	1.75	61.65	1.39	42.41	1.47	98.74	1.28	35.81	1.39	36.08	1.10	48.18	1.49	31.58	1.04
雌花个数/果枝 FFN/BS	50.37	1.42	80.96	0.25	67.00	0.42	58.90	0.19	42.73	0.20	97.06	0.16	45.57	0.10	44.08	0.05	45.76	0.15	29.61	0.08
总花序个数/果枝 CN/BS	26.41	2.06	36.30	1.82	29.24	1.89	29.03	1.55	26.90	1.59	27.25	1.28	44.49	1.04	17.26	1.10	29.47	1.73	15.84	1.39
雌花个数/两性花序 FFN/BC	12.64	1.77	12.91	1.63	8.47	2.01	17.07	1.41	8.53	1.54	6.18	1.00	10.50	0.56	10.64	1.10	16.83	1.21	7.36	1.04
雄花序比例 MCN/CN	6.52	1.97	10.96	1.35	8.84	1.84	5.76	1.85	4.21	1.85	11.67	1.28	5.37	1.04	0.75	1.10	0.37	1.39	1.97	1.04
两性花序比例 BCN/CN	52.75	1.94	68.36	1.35	60.00	1.89	47.99	1.77	39.07	1.97	122.47	1.28	59.91	1.04	17.42	1.10	55.41	1.39	21.55	1.04
均值Mean	25.91	1.86	29.08	1.51	32.97	1.66	26.46	1.40	20.97	1.50	35.53	1.30	23.72	0.95	16.96	0.95	28.14	1.32	19.15	1.13

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 7

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表型性状 Morphological character	均值±标准差 Mean±SD	中位数 Median	众数 Mode	极差 Rang	变异系数 CV (%)	多样性指数 H'
花序长度Catkin length (cm)	17.95±3.79	17.69	17.00	19.33	15.70	1.74
花序粗度Catkin width (mm)	11.26±2.40	11.23	10.56	13.10	16.94	1.84
花序小花簇密度Density of catkin (numbers/cm)	8.25±1.97	8.08	8.00	11.96	17.97	1.53
花轴粗度Floral axis width (mm)	3.24±0.95	3.19	3.51	3.68	23.29	1.81
雄蕊长度Stamen length (mm)	4.01±1.12	4.01	3.86	6.59	21.02	1.80
花序长粗比Catkin length/ Catkin width	16.71±5.44	16.17	14.43	42.88	26.41	1.66
花轴长粗比Floral axis length / Floral axis width	59.82±21.57	56.60	56.80	84.30	26.07	1.76
序轴粗度比Floral sxis width/ Catkin width	0.30±0.09	0.28	0.25	0.93	21.91	1.99
花序形态表型均值Catkin types of phentotype mean					21.16	1.77
雄花序个数/果枝Male catkin numbers/ Bearing shoot	7.28±3.67	7.00	8.00	11.60	29.34	1.73
两性花序个数/果枝Bisexual catkin numbers/ Bearing shoot	0.89±1.06	0.81	1.00	3.51	58.19	1.41
枝雌花个数/果枝Female flower Numbers/ Bearing shoot	1.02±0.67	1.02	0.81	5.16	60.66	1.87
总花序个数/果枝Catkin numbers/ Bearing shoot	8.16±4.12	7.90	6.50	11.82	28.14	1.73
雌花个数/两性花序Female flower numbers/ Bisexual catkin	1.19±0.29	1.12	1.00	1.29	12.35	1.78
雄花序比例Male catkin numbers/ Catkin numbers	0.90±0.13	0.91	0.92	0.40	7.37	1.49
两性花序比例Bisexual catkin numbers/ Catkin numbers	0.10±0.13	0.09	0.08	0.40	58.03	1.41
花序数量表型均值Catkin quantitative phenotype mean					36.30	1.63
总均值Mean					28.23	1.70

群体 Population	花序长度 CL (cm)	花序粗度 CW (mm)	花序小花簇密度 DC (No./cm)	花轴粗度 FAW (mm)	雄蕊长度 SL (mm)	花序长粗比 CL/CW	花轴长粗比 FAL/FAW	序轴粗度比FAW/CW
河北Hebei	18.38±2.58bB	11.39±1.75abA	16.51±2.95aAB	3.27±0.75abcAB	4.07±0.78aA	16.71±3.25abA	60.58±15.67abA	0.29±0.06aA
北京Beijing	18.38±1.68bB	11.57±0.97abA	17.21±1.83aAB	3.62±0.74bcAB	3.96±0.61aA	16.17±2.35abA	54.43±13.22abA	0.38±0.07aA
山东Shandong	17.64±3.41bB	10.77±2.87abA	16.12±1.91aA	3.06±0.64abcAB	3.86±1.34aA	18.57±8.98abA	62.06±18.54abA	0.30±0.08aA
湖北Hubei	18.48±2.55bB	11.37±1.49abA	17.81±5.20abAB	3.48±0.83abcAB	3.95±0.70aA	16.59±2.90abA	56.73±10.66abA	0.31±0.07aA
湖南Hunan	17.22±1.80bAB	11.35±1.86abA	15.43±1.50aA	3.06±0.88abcAB	4.15±0.64aA	15.82±3.06abA	63.28±17.04abA	0.27±0.05aA
江苏Jiangsu	16.16±2.91bAB	10.52±0.95abA	17.79±5.14abAB	2.94±0.33abcAB	3.80±0.42aA	15.74±3.71abA	56.93±13.89abA	0.28±0.03aA
浙江Zhejiang	17.06±1.85bAB	11.56±2.68abA	16.06±0.86aA	3.15±0.15abcAB	4.21±1.29aA	15.42±3.12abA	57.00±8.02abA	0.28±0.05aA
安徽Anhui	17.17±1.56bAB	12.21±0.63bA	20.83±3.79bB	3.58±0.63cB	4.18±0.33aA	14.24±0.72abA	46.62±8.13aA	0.32±0.05aA
广西Guangxi	13.34±2.74aA	10.26±1.72abA	14.90±2.29aA	2.88±1.11abAB	3.68±0.52aA	13.65±3.53aA	56.54±17.73abA	0.28±0.07aA
陕西Shaanxi	18.04±4.49bB	9.27±1.90aA	16.33±1.23aA	2.64±0.66aA	3.32±0.68aA	19.61±1.90bA	70.38±14.83bA	0.29±0.04aA

群体 Population	雄花序个数/果枝MCN/BS	两性花序个数/果枝BCN/BS	雌花个数/果枝FFN/BS	总花序个数/果枝CN/BS	雌花个数/两性花序FFN/BC	雄花序比例 MCN/CN	两性花序比例BCN/CN
河北Hebei	7.14±1.95abA	0.97±0.50abAB	1.12±0.57abcAB	8.11±2.10abA	1.16±0.15abA	0.89±0.06abAB	0.11±0.06abAB
北京Beijing	7.75±2.74abA	1.29±0.89bB	1.62±1.31cB	9.04±3.28abA	1.21±0.16bA	0.86±0.09aAB	0.14±0.09bAB
山东Shandong	7.02±2.01abA	0.99±0.64abAB	1.10±0.73abcAB	8.01±2.29abA	1.11±0.10abA	0.88±0.07abAB	0.12±0.07abAB
湖北Hubei	6.37±1.86aA	0.74±0.45abAB	0.81±0.48abAB	7.08±2.05aA	1.13±0.19abA	0.90±0.06abAB	0.11±0.05abAB
湖南Hunan	6.50±1.78aA	0.71±0.30abAB	0.81±0.35abAB	7.22±1.94abA	1.15±0.10abA	0.90±0.04abAB	0.10±0.04abAB
江苏Jiangsu	8.89±2.59abA	0.63±0.63abAB	0.66±0.64abAB	9.53±2.59abA	1.04±0.06aA	0.91±0.11abAB	0.09±0.11abAB
浙江Zhejiang	8.33±4.13abA	0.63±0.23abAB	0.67±0.31abAB	8.95±4.00abA	1.06±0.11aA	0.92±0.05abAB	0.08±0.05abAB
安徽Anhui	9.53±1.62bA	0.35±0.13aA	0.41±0.18aA	9.89±1.70bA	1.13±0.12abA	0.96±0.01bB	0.04±0.01aA
广西Guangxi	7.31±2.38abA	1.23±0.60bB	1.37±0.63bcAB	8.55±2.52abA	1.11±0.19abA	0.84±0.09aA	0.16±0.09bB
陕西Shaanxi	7.98±1.33abA	0.71±0.23abAB	0.83±0.25abAB	8.68±1.38abA	1.18±0.09abA	0.92±0.02abAB	0.08±0.02abAB

性状 Trait	花序长度 CL	花序粗度CW	花序小花簇密度DC	花轴粗度FAW	雄蕊长度 SL	花序长粗比 CL/CW	花轴长粗比 FAL/ FAW	序轴粗度比FAW/ CW	雄花序个数/ 果枝 MCN/ BS	两性花序个数/果枝BCN/ BS	雌花个数/果枝FFN/BS	总花序个数/ 果枝CN/BS	雌花个数/两性花序FFN/BC	雄花序比例MCN/ CN	两性花序比例BCN/ CN
花序长度CL	1
花序粗度CW	0.133	1
花序小花簇密度DC	-0.174^*	0.088	1
花轴粗度 FAW	0.241^**	0.472^**	0.063	1
雄蕊长度SL	0.051	0.920^**	0.068	0.092	1
花序长粗比 CL/CW	0.496^**	-0.698^**	-0.202^**	-0.248^**	-0.674^**	1
花轴长粗比 FAL/FAW	0.352^**	-0.442^**	-0.182^**	-0.776^**	-0.154^*	0.592^**	1
序轴粗度比FAW/CW	0.135^*	-0.316^**	-0.009	0.657^**	-0.644^**	0.376^**	-0.469^**	1
雄花序个数/果枝MCN/BS	0.0.14	-0.046	0.136^*	0.137^*	-0.116	0.048	-0.113	0.187^**	1
两性花序个数/果枝BCN/BS	0.126	0.025	-0.046	0.164^*	0.043	0.082	-0.090	0.173^*	0.208^**	1
雌花个数/果枝FFN/BS	0.072	-0.016	-0.051	0.094	-0.059	0.087	-0.068	0.127	0.196^**	0.789^**	1
总花序个数/果枝CN/BS	0.043	-0.037	0.115	0.166^*	-0.117	0.064	-0.125	0.214^**	0.972^**	0.432^**	0.370^**	1
雌花个数/两性花序FFN/BC	0.138^*	0.044	-0.157^*	-0.037	0.067	0.057	0.116	-0.018	-0.143^*	-0.007	0.188^**	-0.135^*	1
雄花序比例MCN/CN	-0.074	-0.036	0.108	-0.064	-0.017	-0.034	0.039	-0.050	0.241^**	-0.788^**	-0.620^**	0.032	-0.005	1
两性花序比例BCN/CN	0.076	0.043	-0.118	0.069	0.023	0.030	-0.045	0.051	-0.250^**	0.787^**	0.624^**	-0.041	0.020	-0.996^**	1

性状编号 Character code	主成分 Principal component
性状编号 Character code	1主成分 First principal component	2主成分 Second principal component	3主成分 Third principal component	4主成分 Fourth principal component	5主成分 Fifth principal component
花序长度CL	0.194	-0.203	-0.073	-0.073	0.864
花序粗度CW	-0.068	0.912	-0.089	0.063	0.361
花序小花簇密度DC	-0.098	0.217	0.263	0.154	-0.336
花轴粗度FAW	0.305	0.502	0.528	-0.512	0.309
雄蕊长度SL	-0.208	0.806	-0.338	0.295	0.276
花序长粗比CL/CW f	0.203	-0.889	0.015	-0.094	0.274
花轴长粗比FAL/FAW	-0.173	-0.676	-0.504	0.404	0.214
序轴粗度比FAW/CW	0.401	-0.232	0.639	-0.602	0.034
雄花序个数/果枝MCN/BS	0.203	-0.045	0.729	0.619	0.111
两性花序个数/果枝BCN/BS	0.931	0.086	-0.097	0.196	-0.043
雌花个数/果枝FFN/BS	0.828	0.043	-0.101	0.225	-0.011
总花序个数/果枝CN/BS	0.411	-0.021	0.649	0.618	0.091
雌花个数/两性花FFN/BC	0.023	-0.036	-0.263	-0.046	0.390
雄花序比例MCN/CN	-0.821	-0.117	0.472	0.097	0.165
两性花序比例BCN/CN	0.828	0.043	-0.101	0.225	-0.011
特征值Eigenvalue	3.527	3.165	2.631	1.794	1.510
贡献率 Contributive percentage (%)	23.516	21.098	17.537	11.963	10.065
累计贡献率 Cumulative contributive percentage (%)	23.516	44.613	62.150	74.113	84.178

Catkin Phenotypic Diversity and Cluster Analysis of 211 Chinese Chestnut Germplasms

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