优化氮素与品种匹配可协同提高盐碱地夏玉米产量和氮肥利用率

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to achieve synergistic promotion of both maize grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) under salt stress, it is essential to explore the performance difference of different salt-tolerant maize varieties on yield formation, nitrogen uptake, transport and utilization, to excavate biological potential of maize varieties using nitrogen, so as to provide matched maize variety for the optimized nitrogen application regime.【Method】In this study, salt-tolerance maize varieties Denghai605, Ludan818 and salt-sensitive maize varieties Ludan981 and Liansheng188 were separately used to systematically study the effects on accumulation and distribution of dry matter and nitrogen, nitrogen utilization efficiency and yield formation under different nitrogen application rates of 0, 180 and 360 kg·hm^-2, denoted by N0, N1 and N2 treatments in turn, as well as the interaction of nitrogen levels and maize varieties and inter-annual were analyzed.【Result】Suitable nitrogen application rate could significantly increase grain yield. Compared with N1 treatment, there were no difference in grain yield for salt-tolerance varieties but significant increase for Ludan981 (avg. 9.93%) and Liansheng188 (avg. 16.31%) under N2 treatment. Also, high nitrogen application (N2) got lower nitrogen agricultural efficiency (NAE), nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) and nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP) than low nitrogen application (N1). The difference in grain yield and yield components was the result from the varieties, nitrogen regimes, and their interaction. Compared with salt-sensitive maize varieties, salt-tolerance maize varieties had greater grain yield, nitrogen absorption and use efficiency across same nitrogen regime. Specifically, the grain yield of salt-tolerance maize varieties were increased by 7.78%-27.63% (N0), 7.40%-24.87% (N1), and 0.32%-9.55% (N2), respectively, while the nitrogen utilization efficiency were increased by 26.65%-48.28% (N1) and 1.20%-24.87% (N2), respectively.【Conclusion】It was performance well for the salt-tolerances varieties than the salt-sensitive varieties on dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake and utilization. Low nitrogen application was beneficial for salt-tolerant maize variety getting higher grain yield and vice versa. The nitrogen utilization efficiency was affected by maize varieties, nitrogen regimes and its interaction, through affecting grain yield, dry matter accumulation, and nitrogen uptake and utilization. Thus, it would be an efficient strategy to achieve synergistic promotion of both maize grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency, through the coordination of nitrogen optimization with matched maize variety.

Key words: summer maize, variety, nitrogen level, yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency, saline land

GAO YingBo,ZHANG Hui,LIU KaiChang,ZHANG HuaBin,LI YuanFang,FU XiQiang,XUE YanFang,QIAN Xin,DAI HongCui,LI ZongXin. The Coordination of Nitrogen Optimization with Matched Variety Could Enhance Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Summer Maize in Saline Land[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(21): 4388-4398.

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References 33

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变异来源 Source of variation	GY	EN	KN	TGW	NPFP	NAE	NUE	SNDR	NAAG	NTA	AANAA	NTE	NCP
年份 Year (Y)	***	**	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	ns	***
品种 Variety (V)	***	***	***	***	***	ns	***	***	***	***	***	***	**
氮肥水平 Nitrogen (N)	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	ns	***
Y×V	**	***	***	***	**	ns	***	***	***	***	***	***	***
Y×N	**	*	ns	ns	***	ns	***	***	***	***	***	***	***
V×N	ns	ns	***	*	**	ns	***	**	**	**	***	ns	***
Y×V×N	ns	ns	**	ns	ns	ns	**	*	**	***	***	***	***

年份 Year	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	籽粒产量 Grain yield (mg·kg^-1)	收获穗数 Ear number (×10⁴ears/hm²)	穗粒数 Kernel number per ear	千粒重 1000-grains weight (g)	穗行数 Rows number per ear	行粒数 Kernels number per row
2016	DH605	N0	5.58b	5.67b	455.86b	280.50b	15.6a	29.2b
		N1	7.39a	5.95a	524.80a	303.01a	16.0a	32.8a
		N2	7.64a	5.96a	571.71a	308.34a	16.4a	34.9a
	LD818	N0	5.31b	5.61b	462.59b	272.14b	14.3a	32.4b
		N1	6.89a	5.92a	522.42a	295.36a	14.9a	35.0a
		N2	6.94a	5.97a	491.07a	313.81a	14.4a	34.1a
	LD981	N0	5.22c	5.45b	471.02b	274.10b	14.6a	32.3b
		N1	6.50b	5.74ab	495.99b	301.44a	14.6a	34.0ab
		N2	7.08a	5.86a	553.30a	312.40a	15.2a	36.4a
	LS188	N0	4.22c	5.26b	463.84b	257.03c	15.3a	30.3b
		N1	5.56b	5.72a	468.49b	276.81b	15.0a	31.2ab
		N2	6.67a	5.84a	503.51a	302.13a	15.1a	33.3a
2018	DH605	N0	3.75b	5.67b	277.87b	237.58b	15.0a	18.6b
		N1	4.71a	6.00a	324.07a	263.82a	14.6a	22.2a
		N2	4.81a	6.28a	336.31a	265.37a	14.6a	23.0a
	LD818	N0	3.69b	5.39b	288.96b	237.40b	13.6a	21.3b
		N1	4.57a	5.83a	316.13a	261.10a	13.5a	23.4a
		N2	4.72a	5.89a	333.31a	261.20a	14.5a	22.9a
	LD981	N0	3.13c	5.11b	289.16c	225.49b	13.3a	21.8a
		N1	4.17b	5.61a	314.27b	241.45a	14.2a	22.1a
		N2	4.65a	5.83a	334.63a	252.64a	14.8a	22.6a
	LS188	N0	3.09c	4.94b	290.46c	216.03c	14.5a	20.0b
		N1	4.13b	5.67a	315.52b	245.00b	14.5a	21.8ab
		N2	4.60a	5.61a	331.52a	262.27a	14.9a	22.3a

年份 Year	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	氮肥偏生产力 NPFP (kg·hm^-2)	氮肥农学利用效率 NAE (kg·kg^-1)	氮肥利用率 NUE (%)	土壤氮依存率 SNDR (%)
2016	DH605	N1	41.05a	10.03a	31.75a	71.91c
		N2	21.22d	5.71c	17.49de	69.91c
	LD818	N1	38.27ab	8.80ab	28.76b	70.00c
		N2	19.29d	4.55c	16.92e	66.49d
	LD981	N1	36.11bc	7.10bc	25.07c	76.15b
		N2	19.68d	5.17c	15.52ef	72.01c
	LS188	N1	30.86c	7.41bc	20.42d	80.52a
		N2	18.52d	6.79bc	13.55f	75.75b
2018	DH605	N1	26.14a	5.32bc	28.96a	64.63c
		N2	13.37c	2.96e	17.46c	60.25e
	LD818	N1	25.39a	4.90c	23.50b	70.36b
		N2	13.11c	2.86e	15.21d	64.70c
	LD981	N1	23.66b	6.26a	19.53c	71.41b
		N2	12.92c	4.21d	14.82d	62.21d
	LS188	N1	22.93b	5.78ab	17.83c	73.92a
		N2	12.78c	4.21d	15.03d	62.74d

年份 Year	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	成熟期籽粒含氮量 NAAG (kg·hm^-2)	营养器官氮素转移量 NTA (kg·hm^-2)	开花后氮素同化量 AANAA (kg·hm^-2)	氮素转运效率 NTE (%)	氮素转运对籽粒的贡献率 NCP (%)
2016	DH605	N0	77.32b	22.81b	54.51b	28.13b	29.51a
	DH605	N1	127.05a	28.34a	98.71a	30.38ab	22.33b
		N2	131.38a	32.56a	98.82a	33.43a	24.80b
	LD818	N0	88.19c	26.14b	40.89b	38.68a	39.02a
	LD818	N1	121.69ab	32.63a	76.08a	37.44a	30.02b
		N2	134.37a	37.98a	75.37a	39.79a	33.52b
	LD981	N0	83.11c	28.08b	55.04c	36.09b	33.88a
	LD981	N1	117.10b	39.36a	77.73b	39.82a	33.68a
		N2	126.50a	38.39a	88.10a	37.97ab	30.40a
	LS188	N0	67.03c	24.90c	63.28c	31.45c	28.28a
	LS188	N1	108.71b	32.96b	88.73b	36.47b	27.09a
		N2	113.34a	39.75a	94.62a	41.31a	29.61a
2018	DH605	N0	49.28c	28.27b	21.01c	43.77a	57.35a
2018	DH605	N1	69.95b	33.05a	36.90b	34.70b	47.21b
		N2	77.33a	28.88b	48.45a	30.61c	37.32c
	LD818	N0	56.25b	33.36b	22.90c	48.73a	59.30a
	LD818	N1	77.84a	37.66a	40.18b	42.29b	48.39b
		N2	81.79a	35.29ab	46.50a	37.71c	43.14b
	LD981	N0	45.93c	16.18c	29.75c	33.19a	35.24b
	LD981	N1	57.51b	24.00b	33.51b	31.00a	41.83a
		N2	69.10a	27.32a	41.78a	31.77a	39.58a
	LS188	N0	52.34c	19.13c	33.21b	36.91a	36.61b
	LS188	N1	57.74b	26.03b	31.71b	31.64b	45.10a
		N2	71.71a	29.00a	42.71a	31.26b	40.55a

The Coordination of Nitrogen Optimization with Matched Variety Could Enhance Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Summer Maize in Saline Land

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