蛋白添加剂对双孢蘑菇农艺性状及品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.10.015

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The effects of protein supplements on the agronomic characters and quality of mushroom Agaricus bisporus were studied in the study, so as to provide a reference for the development, application and evaluation of Agaricus bisporus protein supplements. 【Method】 Four single protein raw materials were investigated as protein supplements, including soybean meal (SM), extruded soybean (ES), corn protein (CP) and Feather meal (FM). Commercial supplement (MCSubstradd?, MCS) was used as a positive control, and an unsupplemented compost was used as a blank control (CTL). The dosage of each supplement was determined based on their protein content and with a final protein dosage of 0.5% in the compost. Before casing, the supplements were thoroughly mixed with fresh Phase III compost. The mushroom strain was W192. Mushroom cultivation was carried out in accordance with the factory cultivation process mushroom room management. Three flush mushrooms were harvested, and yield, diameter and thickness of pileus, weight of single mushroom, and hardness characters were determined with reference to UPOV. Protein content was determined by kjeldahl method, and amino acid content was determined by amino acid analyzer. 【Result】 SM, ES and CP could effectively increase the mushroom yield. Among the four experimental groups, CP group manifested the highest total yield of 35.24 kg?m^-2 with the yield increasing rate of 24.26% towards CTL group. Its biological efficiency was 105.98%, which was significantly higher than that of the other three assayed groups and CTL group, and slightly higher than that of MCS group. CP group demonstrated considerably high sustained-release effect with three flush yield of 48.72%, 35.09%, 16.19%, respectively, which was close to that of MCS group. Economic benefit analysis showed that CP group demonstrated the highest increasing benefit of 785 yuan in one ton compost. ES group showed high yield with significantly high hardness character in the first two flush. All the five protein supplements could significantly enhance the protein content in the fruiting bodies in all the three flush. In all the groups, the three amino acids with the highest content were Glu, Val, and Asp. FM and CP could enhance the content of delicious amino acids, which raised the flavor and taste of mushrooms. 【Conclusion】 Protein supplements could effectively increase mushroom yield, and had specific effects on the agronomic characters and qualities of fruiting bodies. Focusing on specific advantages of various additives, developing mixed and sustained-release supplements could achieve high quality and high yield of A. bisporus, which was the research direction of mushroom supplements in the future.

Key words: Agaricus bisporus, supplementations, agronomic characteristics, amino acid, protein content

ZHANG WenQiang,CHEN QingJun,ZHANG GuoQing,SHI ShiDa,CAO Na,ABLAT· Tohtirjap,GUO YuXin,LIN WenCai. Effects of Protein Supplements on Agronomic Characters and Quality of the Mushroom Agaricus bisporus[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(10): 2091-2100.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.10.015

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2020/V53/I10/2091

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Fig. 1

Table 6

References 33

[1]	KERTESZ M A, THAI M . Compost bacteria and fungi that influence growth and development of Agaricus bisporus and other commercial mushrooms. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2017,102(4):1639-1650.
[2]	AISALA H, LAAKSONEN O, MANNINEN H, RAITTOLA A, HOPIA A, SANDELL M . Sensory properties of Nordic edible mushrooms. Food Research International, 2018,109:526-536.
[3]	ROYSE D J . Effects of fragmentation, supplementation and the addition of phase II compost to 2nd break compost on mushroom ( Agaricus bisporus) yield. Bioresource Technology, 2010,101(1):188-192.
[4]	VOS A M, HEIJBOER A, BOSCHKER H T S, BONNET B, LUGONES L G, WOSTEN H A B . Microbial biomass in compost during colonization of Agaricus bisporus. AMB Express, 2017,7(1):12.
[5]	Randle P E . Supplementation of mushroom composts-a review. Crop Research, 1983,23(1):51-69.
[6]	SCHISLER L, SINDEN J . Nutrient supplementation of mushroom compost at spawning. Mushroom Science, 1962,5:150-164.
[7]	SCHISLER L, SINDEN J . Nutrient supplementation of mushroom compost at casing. Mushroom Science, 1962, ( 5):267-280.
[8]	朱燕华, 王倩, 陈明杰, 汪虹, 宋晓霞, 黄建春 . 培养料中添加豆粕对双孢蘑菇产量的影响. 食用菌学报, 2015,22(4):40-43.
	ZHU Y H, WANG Q, CHEN M J, WANG H, SONG X X, HUANG J C . Effects of supplementing cultivation compost with soybean meal at spawning and prior to casing on Agaricus bisporus fruit body yields. Acta Edulis Fungi, 2015,22(4):40-43. (in Chinese)
[9]	PARDO-GIMENEZ A, CATALAN L, CARRASCO J, ALVAREZ- ORTI M, ZIED D, PARDO J . Effect of supplementing crop substrate with defatted pistachio meal on Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus production. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2016,96(11):3838-3845. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.2016.96.issue-11
[10]	PARDO-GIMENEZ A, ZIED D C, ALVAREZ-ORTI M, RUBIO M, PARDO J E . Effect of supplementing compost with grapeseed meal on Agaricus bisporus production. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2012,92(8):1665-1671. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.5529
[11]	ARCE-CERVANTES O, SAUCEDO-GARCíA M, LEAL LARA H, RAMíREZ-CARRILLO R, CRUZ-SOSA F, LOERA O . Alternative supplements for Agaricus bisporus production and the response on lignocellulolytic enzymes. Scientia Horticulturae, 2015,192:375-380.
[12]	NARH MENSAH D L, ADDO P, DZOMEKU M, OBODAI M . Bioprospecting of powdered pineapple rind as an organic supplement of composted sawdust for Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom cultivation. Food Science & Nutrition, 2018,6(2):280-286.
[13]	GOLESTANI T, HAMIDOGHLI Y, OLFATI J A . Substrate, casing supplementation and fragmentation have no effect on button mushroom yield under appropriate conditions. Indian Horticulture Journal, 2014,4(3/4):162-166.
[14]	CARRASCO J, ZIED D C, PARDO J E, PRESTON G M, PARDO-GIMENEZ A . Supplementation in mushroom crops and its impact on yield and quality. AMB Express, 2018,8(1):146.
[15]	秦改娟, 王晓, 陈青君, 张国庆 . 不同配方培养料生产双孢蘑菇过程中主要木质纤维素降解酶及物料组分的变化. 应用与环境生物学报, 2017,23(6):1035-1041.
	QIN G J, WANG X, CHEN Q J, ZHANG G Q . Changes of lignocellulolytic enzymes and material components in different compost formulas during the production of Agaricus bisporus. Chinese Journal Applied and Environmental Biology, 2017,23(6):1035-1041. (in Chinese)
[16]	张昊琳, 陈青君, 张国庆, 秦勇, 高晓静, 秦改娟, 武芯蕊 . 不同基质培养料理化性状及其对双孢蘑菇农艺性状与产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2017,50(23):4622-4631. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.23.015
	ZHANG H L, CHEN Q J, ZHANG G Q, QIN Y, GAO X J, QIN G J, WU X R . The physical and chemical properties of different substrates and their effects on agronomic traits and yield of Agaricus bisporus. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017,50(23):4622-4631. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.23.015
[17]	高晓静, 张昊琳, 佟佳兴, 秦改娟, 张国庆, 陈青君 . 不同配方双孢蘑菇培养料的细菌群落结构和理化性状. 应用与环境生物学报, 2017,23(3):502-510.
	GAO X J, ZHANG H L, TONG J X, QIN G J, ZHANG G Q, CHEN Q J . Bacterial community structure and physical-chemical properties of different formulations of cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) composts. Chinese Journal Applied and Environmental Biology, 2017,23(3):502-510. (in Chinese)
[18]	李晓博 . 双孢蘑菇[Agaricus bisporus]生产对农业有机废弃物的降解利用研究[D]. 长春: 吉林农业大学, 2008.
	LI X B . Studies on the degradation and utilization of Agaricus bisporus production on agricultural organic wastes[D]. Changchun: Jilin Agricultural University, 2008. (in Chinese)
[19]	陈洪雨, 鲍大鹏, 杨瑞恒, 王莹, 高英女, 李燕, 吴莹莹 . 亚东黑耳的氨基酸特征分析及蛋白质品质评价. 核农学报, 2019,33(1):81-87.
	CHEN H Y, BAO D P, YANG R H, WANG Y, GAO Y N, LI Y, WU Y Y . Amino acid characteristic analysis and protein quality evaluation of Exidia sp. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2019,33(1):81-87. (in Chinese)
[20]	ZHANG H L, WEI J K, WANG Q H, YANG R, GAO X J, SANG Y X, CAI P P, ZHANG G Q, CHEN Q J . Lignocellulose utilization and bacterial communities of millet straw based mushroom ( Agaricus bisporus) production. Scientific Reports, 2019,9:1151. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37681-6
[21]	MAMIRO D P, ROYSE D J . The influence of spawn type and strain on yield, size and mushroom solids content of Agaricus bisporus produced on non-composted and spent mushroom compost. Bioresource Technology, 2008,99(8):3205-3212. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.073
[22]	MAMI Y, PEYVAST G, GHASEMNEZHAD M, ZIAIE F . Supplementation at casing to improve yield and quality of white button mushroom. Agricultural Sciences, 2013,4(1):27-33. doi: 10.4236/as.2013.41005
[23]	AHMAD J J, THALIJ K M, MOSA K A . The Effect of Sorbitol and Mannitol Supplementation at Casing on the Productive characteristics of Agaricus bisporus Mushroom. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2017,7(12):46-51.
[24]	陈艳琦, 简冰, 孙晓仲, 吕志文, 杨蕾蕾, 李雪飞, 李长田, 宋冰, 李玉 . 玉米粉添加量对玉木耳室内栽培的影响. 分子植物育种, 2020,18(1):340-346.
	CHEN Y Q, JIAN B, SUN X Z, LÜ Z W, YANG L L, LI X F, LI C T, SONG B, LI Y . Effect of indoor cultivation of Auricularia cornea by adding different quantity of corn meal. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2020,18(1):340-346. (in Chinese)
[25]	俞路, 王雅倩, 章世元, 周联高, 严桂芹, 仲伟芳, 谢月华, 周树春, 闫寒寒 . 玉米蛋白饲料在樱桃谷肉鸭日粮中的应用研究. 中国饲料, 2008(10):12-15.
	YU L, WANG Y Q, ZHANG S Y, ZHOU L G, YAN G Q, ZHONG W F, XIE Y H, ZHOU S C, YAN H H . Application of corn gluten meal in meat duck diet. Chinese Feed, 2008(10):12-15. (in Chinese)
[26]	ROYSE D J . Influence of spawn rate and commercial delayed release nutrient levels on Pleurotus cornucopiae (oyster mushroom) yield, size, and time to production. Applid Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2002,58(4):527-531.
[27]	杨红澎, 班立桐, 黄亮, 王玉, 童应凯, 孙建成 . 双孢蘑菇和棕色蘑菇氨基酸的对比分析. 食品研究与开发, 2013,34(5):84-86.
	YANG H P, BAN L T, HUANG L, WANG Y, TONG Y K, SUN J C . Comparison and analysis of amino acid in Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus brunnescens Peck. Food Research And Development, 2013,34(5):84-86. (in Chinese)
[28]	柯斌榕, 兰清秀, 卢政辉, 廖剑华 . 菌渣培养料对双孢蘑菇子实体蛋白质营养价值的影响. 福建农业学报, 2017,32(10):1106-1110.
	KE B R, LAN Q X, LU Z H, LIAO J H . Effect of spent mushroom for substrate in culture mdium on nutritional value of Agaricus bispoius. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2017,32(10):1106-1110. (in Chinese)
[29]	KOSSON M R, BAKOWSKI M J . The effect of cultivation methods on the amino acid and protein content of the mushroom ( Agaricus bisporus Lange/Sing.). Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2010,28(10):1045-1051.
[30]	程新, 李昆太, 黄林, 李荣同 . 前三潮茶树菇的成分差异比较研究. 食品与发酵工业, 2018,44(8):271-276.
	CHENG X, LI K T, HUANG L, LI R T . Comparison on compositions of Agrocybe cylindracea among the first three tides. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2018,44(8):271-276. (in Chinese)
[31]	陈志敏, 褚殿文, 常文环 . 膨化羽毛粉的营养价值及对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响. 养猪, 2019(3):17-18.
	CHEN Z M, CHU D W, CHANG W H . Nutritional value of puffed feather powder and its effect on growth performance of weaned piglets. Swine Production, 2019(3):17-18. (in Chinese)
[32]	林忠宁, 陈敏健, 刘明香, 周代顺 . 双孢蘑菇菇脚氨基酸含量的测定及营养评价. 氨基酸和生物资源, 2011,33(4):20-23.
	LIN Z N, CHEN M J, LIU M X, ZHOU D S . Determination and nutritional evaluation of amino acid content in the foot of Agaricus bisporus. Amino Acids & Biotic Resources, 2011,33(4):20-23. (in Chinese)
[33]	高必成, 郁建强, 沈明泉, 殷戎一 . 膨化羽毛粉在金针菇生产上的应用初报. 上海农学院学报, 1992,10(3):263-264.
	GAO B C, YU J Q, SHEN M Q, YING R Y . Application of expanded feather powder in production of Flammulina velutipes. Journal of Shanghai Agricultural College, 1992,10(3):263-264. (in Chinese)

Related Articles 15

[1]	HU Sheng,LI YangYang,TANG ZhangLin,LI JiaNa,QU CunMin,LIU LieZhao. Genome-Wide Association Analysis of the Changes in Oil Content and Protein Content Under Drought Stress in Brassica napus L. [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 17-30.
[2]	YU QiLong,HAN YingYan,HAO JingHong,QIN XiaoXiao,LIU ChaoJie,FAN ShuangXi. Effect of Exogenous Spermidine on Nitrogen Metabolism of Lettuce Under High-Temperature Stress [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(7): 1399-1410.
[3]	YANG ShiMan, XU ChengZhi, XU BangFeng, WU YunPu, JIA YunHui, QIAO ChuanLing, CHEN HuaLan. Amino Acid of 225 in the HA Protein Affects the Pathogenicities of H1N1 Subtype Swine Influenza Viruses [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(4): 816-824.
[4]	MA GaoXing,TAO TianYi,PEI Fei,FANG DongLu,ZHAO LiYan,HU QiuHui. Effects of Different Stir-Fry Conditions on the Flavor of Agaricus bisporus in Ready-to-Eat Dishes [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(3): 575-588.
[5]	WANG Chao,FANG DongLu,ZHANG PanRong,JIANG Wen,PEI Fei,HU QiuHui,MA Ning. Physiological Metabolic Rol e of Nanocomposite Packaged Agaricus bisporus During Postharvest Cold Storage Analyzed by TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomics [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4728-4742.
[6]	RU Chen,HU XiaoTao,LÜ MengWei,CHEN DianYu,WANG WenE,SONG TianYuan. Effects of Nitrogen on Nitrogen Accumulation and Distribution, Nitrogen Metabolizing Enzymes, Protein Content, and Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat Under Heat and Drought Stress After Anthesis [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(17): 3303-3320.
[7]	ZHAO XiaoHui,ZHANG YanYan,RONG YaSi,DUAN JianZhao,HE Li,LIU WanDai,GUO TianCai,FENG Wei. Study on Critical Nitrogen Dilution Model of Winter Wheat Spike Organs Under Different Water and Nitrogen Conditions [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(17): 3321-3333.
[8]	YAN TongJing,ZHANG DeQuan,LI Xin,LIU Huan,FANG Fei,LIU ShanShan,WANG Su,HOU ChengLi. Effects of Very Fast Chilling on Flavor Quality in Chilled Lamb [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(15): 3029-3041.
[9]	ZHU Yin,ZHANG Yue,YAN Han,LÜ HaiPeng,LIN Zhi. Enantiomeric Analysis of Free Amino Acids in Different Teas [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(4): 804-819.
[10]	HOU ChengLi,HUANG CaiYan,ZHENG XiaoChun,LIU WeiHua,YANG Qi,ZHANG DeQuan. Changes of Antioxidant Activity and Its Possible Mechanism in Tan Sheep Meat in Different Postmortem Time [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(23): 5110-5124.
[11]	WANG JunJie,TIAN Xiang,QIN HuiBin,WANG HaiGang,CAO XiaoNing,CHEN Ling,LIU SiChen,QIAO ZhiJun. Regulation Effects of Photoperiod on Growth and Leaf Endogenous Hormones in Broomcorn Millet [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(2): 286-295.
[12]	ShuGuang LI,YongCe CAO,JianBo HE,WuBin WANG,GuangNan XING,JiaYin YANG,TuanJie ZHAO,JunYi GAI. Genetic Dissection of Protein Content in a Nested Association Mapping Population of Soybean [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(9): 1743-1755.
[13]	XIA ShuFeng,WANG Fan,WANG LongJun,ZHOU Qin,CAI Jian,WANG Xiao,HUANG Mei,DAI TingBo,JIANG Dong. Study on the Adaptability of Wheat Reaching the Protein Content Standard of Soft Wheat in Jiangsu Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(24): 4992-5004.
[14]	PAN ZhengYan,LIU Bo,JIANG HongBo,YAO JiPan,BAI YuanJun,XU ZhengJin. Effect of Panicle Neck Blast on Grain Yield and Stem Node Metabolites at the Rice Filling Stage [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(20): 4177-4188.
[15]	ZHU ZiJian,CHEN SiYu,SU Jun,TAO YongSheng. Correlation Analysis Between Amino Acids and Fruity Esters During Spine Grape Fermentation [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(11): 2272-2284.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

添加原料 Supplementation	含水量 Moisture (%)	含氮量 Nitrogen content (%)	蛋白含量 Protein content (%)	灰分含量 Ash content (%)	含碳量 Carbon content (%)
SM	9.88±0.13b	7.85±0.42c	49.08±0.26c	7.03±0.03a	51.65±0.02b
ES	9.07±0.85b	5.89±0.09d	36.81±0.58d	5.38±0.03b	52.56±0.02b
CP	7.39±0.11c	10.41±0.07b	65.04±0.45b	1.30±0.05c	54.83±0.03a
FM	7.07±0.07c	13.86±0.02a	86.63±0.12a	5.17±0.08b	52.69±0.04b
MCS	12.63±0.01a	7.02±0.12c	43.87±0.75c	6.93±0.06a	51.70±0.03b

添加剂Supplementation	豆粕SM	膨化大豆ES	玉米蛋白CP	羽毛粉FM	MCS
添加剂添加量Amount of supplementations (kg)	12.69	15.93	8.97	6.21	13.05
添加剂成本Cost of supplementations (Yuan)	41.24	58.94	40.37	24.22	65.25
蘑菇增产量 Mushroom increased output (kg)	30.72	33.36	82.56	-2.16	61.44
添加剂经济效益 Economic benefit of supplementations (Yuan)	265.96	274.66	785.23	-45.82	549.15

处理 Treatment		一潮菇 1st flush	二潮菇 2nd flush	三潮菇 3rd flush	总产量 Total yield (kg?m^-2)	生物学效率 Biological efficiency (%)
SM	Y	15.06±0.67c	10.85±0.58c	5.01±0.33b	30.92±0.60b	93.00±1.81b
SM	P	48.72%	35.09%	16.19%	30.92±0.60b	93.00±1.81b
ES	Y	18.08±0.80a	9.05±0.85d	4.01±0.23c	31.14±1.53b	93.65±4.61b
ES	P	58.06%	29.06%	12.88%	31.14±1.53b	93.65±4.61b
CP	Y	19.31±0.99a	12.41±0.90b	3.52±0.25c	35.24±2.13a	105.98±6.41a
CP	P	54.81%	35.22%	9.98%	35.24±2.13a	105.98±6.41a
FM	Y	17.59±0.93b	7.37±0.99e	3.22±0.22d	28.18±1.56d	84.74±4.69d
FM	P	62.43%	26.14%	11.43%	28.18±1.56d	84.74±4.69d
MCS	Y	13.46±0.36d	14.39±0.28a	5.62±0.40a	33.48±1.04a	100.68±3.13a
MCS	P	40.21%	43.00%	16.79%	33.48±1.04a	100.68±3.13a
CTL	Y	12.96±0.10d	12.06±1.04b	3.35±0.35d	28.36±1.31c	85.30±3.94c
CTL	P	45.68%	42.51%	11.81%	28.36±1.31c	85.30±3.94c

处理组 Treatment		菌盖直径 Pileus diameter (mm)	菌盖厚度 Pileus thickness (mm)	硬度 Hardness (10⁵ Pa)	单菇重 Mushroom weight (g)
一潮菇 1st flush	SM	41.31±3.17a	22.25±4.06a	7.69±0.80c	24.29±0.61a
	ES	39.26±2.68b	20.76±1.65c	9.64±1.53a	22.73±0.81b
	CP	38.49±2.75c	21.15±1.70b	7.37±0.58d	22.03±0.14b
	FM	38.49±2.89c	20.09±2.33c	7.62±1.00c	21.75±0.04c
	MCS	42.49±3.45a	22.94±1.95a	9.39±1.42a	22.73±0.50b
	CTL	41.60±3.11a	22.89±1.76a	8.09±0.87b	20.98±0.28d
二潮菇 2nd flush	SM	38.68±2.93c	20.12±1.47c	6.09±0.66c	21.32±0.41b
	ES	41.79±2.16a	22.55±1.06a	8.67±1.03a	23.68±0.47a
	CP	42.20±2.49a	22.64±1.30a	7.07±0.58b	21.82±0.69b
	FM	39.08±3.31b	21.66±1.44b	5.34±0.54d	19.64±0.51c
	MCS	38.45±2.27c	19.95±1.49c	6.14±0.49c	18.00±0.25c
	CTL	39.77±3.25b	21.17±1.99b	5.06±0.39d	17.14±0.01c
三潮菇 3rd flush	SM	39.26±3.90b	22.38±2.10b	5.14±0.29a	20.83±0.14a
	ES	39.13±3.19b	22.24±1.78b	5.17±0.36a	20.44±0.21a
	CP	39.89±3.76a	22.65±1.92b	5.65±0.28a	20.62±0.52a
	FM	39.02±3.32b	23.63±2.11a	5.11±0.37a	20.00±0.14b
	MCS	39.84±4.84a	23.37±3.12a	5.16±0.34a	20.33±0.25b
	CTL	37.51±2.73b	21.89±1.87c	4.70±0.23b	20.65±0.02a

处理组 Treatment	蛋白质含量Protein content（%）
处理组 Treatment	一潮菇 1st flush	二潮菇 2nd flush	三潮菇 3rd flush
SM	27.55±0.08e	25.23±0.23c	36.67±0.02b
ES	39.10±0.61a	26.39±0.01a	36.38±0.33b
CP	37.55±0.06b	24.77±0.17c	40.21±0.61a
FM	30.46±0.71d	25.78±0.38b	36.46±0.57b
MCS	32.18±0.04c	24.80±0.61c	34.14±0.56c
CTL	26.47±0.01f	22.92±0.30d	27.63±0.29d

Effects of Protein Supplements on Agronomic Characters and Quality of the Mushroom Agaricus bisporus

RichHTML

PDF