Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 288-316.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.02.006

• PLANT PROTECTION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Reorganization of Maize Disease and Causal Agent Names and Disscution on Their Standardized Translation of Chinese Names

WANG XiaoMing(),DUAN CanXing   

  1. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2019-08-01 Accepted:2019-08-21 Online:2020-01-16 Published:2020-02-17
  • Contact: XiaoMing WANG E-mail:wangxiaoming@caas.cn

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Abstract:

By reorganization of maize diseases and causal agents reported worldwide, a proposal for standardized translation of Chinese names of maize diseases and pathogens has been given in this article. A total of 185 fungal, oomycete, bacterial, viral and nematode diseases and 380 species/times causal agents in maize were gathered from books, including Compendium of Corn Diseases (4th edition, MUNKVOLD G P and WHITE D G, 2016), Maize Diseases (MCGEE D C, 1988), Field Crop Diseases (NYVALL R F, 1999), Illustrated Handbook of Maize Diseases, Insect Pests and Weeds in China (WANG X M and WANG Z Y, 2018), The American Phytopathological Society (APSnet, 2019), and some research articles. Some English names of maize diseases were originated from their pathogen species names. Accompanied by advances on scientific knowledge and identification techniques, 62 pathogen species were changed to new taxonomic category, which is different from the old taxonomic name, so the old disease name is not related with the new pathogen name that it will cause the confusion in practice. For international communication on maize diseases with universality, scientificity and normativity, 27 English names of maize diseases are proposed to modify with their new taxonomic names. 185 infectious diseases on maize were collected and reorganized including 123, 20, 26 and 16 diseases caused by fungi/oomycetes, bacteria, viruses and nematodes, respectively. The 185 maize diseases were caused by 286 pathogenic species/subspecies/varieries/pathovars, included 147 fungi, 34 oomycetes, 20 bacteria and 3 spitoplasm/phytoplasm, 38 viruses and 44 nematodes. The 185 Chinese names of maize diseases have been revised based on the principle of respecting the names published in historical and classic works of Chinese maize diseases or widely adopted in practice, including 96 new Chinese names based on the causal agent names and typical symptoms on maize. For the Chinese name of the maize pathogens, it should be given priority to the name of fungi, bacteria, viruses or nematodes in published plant and medical pathogen monographs, Flora Fungorum Sinicorum and research articles, and to give Chinese name first for the pathogen without Chinese name before based on the original meaning of pathogen’s Latin genus name and species epithet (English in virus). Standardized English names of maize diseases and determined taxonomic status of pathogens will be of benefit to scientific communication among maize disease researchers worldwide and to promote new researches. Under the determination of Chinese names of maize diseases and pathogens, the standardized names will be widely used for preventing translation between English-Chinese name of maize disease and pathogen optionally, and it will provide a correct list for research and teaching on maize diseases to avoid various ambiguities of the names and mistakes of disease-to-pathogen.

Key words: maize, disease, pathogen, Chinese name

Table 1

Fungal and oomycetes diseases and causal agents in maize seed germination and seedling stage and their Chinese names"

病害名称Name of maize disease 病原名称Pathogen name
英文名称
English name		 汉译名称及文献 Chinese name and literature 曾用中文名称
Other Chinese name and literature		 病原及文献
Pathogen and literature		 病原新分类名称及文献
New taxonomy of pathogen and literature		 病原汉译名称及文献
Chinese name of
pathogen and literature
Seed rot 种腐病
Alternaria seed rot 链格孢种腐病b / Alternaria spp.[14] / 链格孢属[33,34]
Aspergillus seed rot 曲霉种腐病b / Aspergillus flavus Link: Fries[8] / 黄曲霉[33,34,35]
Aspergillus tamarii Kita[8] / 溜曲霉[33,34,35]
Bipolaris seed rot 平脐蠕孢种腐病b / Bipolaris spp.[8] / 平脐蠕孢属[33]
Fusarium seed rot 镰孢种腐病b / Fusarium graminearum Schwabe[14] / 禾谷镰孢[33]
Fusarium temperatum Scauflaire et Munaut[8] / 温带镰孢c
Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg[5,41] / 拟轮枝镰孢[42]
Globisporangium seed rota (Pythium seed rot) 球孢囊霉种腐病b / Pythium debaryanum Hesse[8] Globisporangium debaryanum (R. Hesse) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 德巴利球孢囊霉c
Pythium irregulare Buisman[8] Globisporangium irregulare (Buisman) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 畸雌球孢囊霉c
Pythium paroecandrum Drechsler[8] Globisporangium paroecandrum (Drechsler) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 侧雄球孢囊霉c
Pythium spinosum Sawada[44] Globisporangium spinosum (Sawada) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 刺球孢囊霉c
Pythium sylvaticum Canpbell et Hendrix[44] Globisporangium sylvaticum (W. A. Campb. & F. F. Hendrix) Uzuhashi, Tojo
& Kakishima[43]		 森林球孢囊霉c
Pythium ultimum Trow[8] Globisporangium ultimum (Trow) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 终极球孢囊霉c
Gonatobotrys seed rot 节簇孢种腐病b / Gonatobotrys simplex Corda[8] / 简单节簇孢[45]
Monilia seed rot 丛梗孢种腐病b / Monilia spp.[14] / 丛梗孢属[33,34]
Nigrospora seed rot 黑孢种腐病b / Nigrospora spp.[8] / 黑孢属[33,34]
Penicillium seed rot 青霉种腐病b / Penicillium oxalicum Currie et Thom[8] / 草酸青霉[33-36,46]
Phomopsis seed rot 拟茎点霉种腐病b / Phomopsis spp.[8] / 拟茎点霉属[33,34]
Pythium seed rot 腐霉种腐病b / Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick[44] / 瓜果腐霉[33-35,47]
Pythium arrhenamanes Drechsler[44] / 强雄腐霉[33,47]
Pythium graminicola Subramanian[44] / 禾生腐霉[33-34,47]
Rhizoctonia seed rot 丝核菌种腐病b / Rhizoctonia spp.[14] / 丝核菌属[33,34,35]
Rhizopus seed rot 根霉种腐病b / Rhizopus spp.[8] / 根霉属[33,34,35]
Stenocarpella seed rot 狭壳柱孢种腐病b / Stenocarpella maydis (Berkeley) Sutton[8] / 玉米狭壳柱孢[33,48]
Trichoderma seed rot 木霉种腐病b / Trichoderma spp.[8] / 木霉属[33,34,35]
Seedling blight 苗枯病
Aspergillus seedling blight 曲霉苗枯病b / Aspergillus niger van Tieghem[49] / 黑曲霉[33,34,35]
Fusarium seedling blight 镰孢苗枯病[14] 苗枯病[10,11] Fusarium graminearum Schwabe[5] / 禾谷镰孢[33]
Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtendal emend. Snyder et Hansen[5] / 尖镰孢[33]
Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg ex Gerlach et Nirenberg[5] / 层出镰孢[17]
Fusarium semitectum Berkeley et Ravenel[6] / 半裸镰孢[33,34]
Fusarium solani (Martius) Saccardo[5,49] / 茄镰孢[33]
Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenweber et Reinking) Nelson, Toussoun et Marasas[5] / 亚黏团镰孢[16]
Fusarium temperatum Scauflaire et Munaut[8,50] / 温带镰孢c
Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg[5] / 拟轮枝镰孢[42]
Globisporangium seedling blighta (Pythium seedling blight) 球孢囊霉苗枯病b / Pythium debaryanum Hesse[5] Globisporangium debaryanum (R. Hesse) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 德巴利球孢囊霉c
Pythium irregulare Buisman[5] Globisporangium irregulare (Buisman) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 畸雌球孢囊霉c
Pythium paroecandrum Drechsler[5] Globisporangium paroecandrum (Drechsler) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 侧雄球孢囊霉c
Pythium rostratum Butler[5] Globisporangium rostratum (E. J. Butler) Uzuhashi,Tojo & Kakishima[43] 喙球孢囊霉c
Pythium splendens Braun[6] Globisporangium splendens (Hans Braun) Uzuhashi,Tojo & Kakishima[43] 华丽球孢囊霉c
Pythium ultimum Trow[5] Globisporangium ultimum (Trow) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 终极球孢囊霉c
Phytopythium seedling blighta (Pythium seedling blight) 疫腐霉苗枯病b / Pythium vexans de Bary[5] Phytopythium vexans (de Bary) Abad, de Cock, Bala, Robideau, Lodhi & Lévesque[51] 钟器疫腐霉c
Pythium seedling blight 腐霉苗枯病b / Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick[44] / 瓜果腐霉[33-35,47]
Pythium schmitthenneri Ellis, Broders & Dorrance[52] / 施氏腐霉c
Rhizoctonia seedling blight 丝核菌苗枯病b 立枯病[10] Rhizoctonia solani Kühn[5] / 茄丝核菌[33]
Stenocarpella seedling blighta (Diplodia seedling blight) 狭壳柱孢苗枯病b / Stenocarpella maydis (Berkeley) Sutton[5] / 玉米狭壳柱孢[33,48]
Root rot 根腐病
Bipolaris root rota
(Helminthosporium satium root rot)		 平脐蠕孢根腐病b 根腐病[10] Helminthosporium satium Pammel, King et Bakke[7] Bipolaris sorokiniana (Saccardo) Shoemaker[53] 麦根腐平脐蠕孢[33]
Exserohilum root rota
(Helminthosporium pedicellatum root rot)		 凸脐蠕孢根腐病b / Helminthosporium pedicellatum Henry[7] Exserohilum pedicellatum (Henry) Leonard et Suggs[54] 小柄凸脐蠕孢[33]
Fusarium root rot 镰孢根腐病b 赤霉病、粉腐病[10] Fusarium acuminatum Ellis et Everhart[5] / 锐顶镰孢[55]
Fusarium culmorum (Smith) Saccardo[6] / 黄色镰孢[33]
Fusarium equiseti (Corda) Saccardo[5] / 木贼镰孢[33,34]
Fusarium graminearum Schwabe[5] / 禾谷镰孢[33]
Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtendal emend. Snyder et Hansen[5] / 尖镰孢[33]
Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenweber[6] / 早熟禾镰孢[33,34]
Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg ex Gerlach et Nirenberg[5] / 层出镰孢[17]
Fusarium semitectum Berkeley et Ravenel[6] / 半裸镰孢[33,34]
Fusarium solani (Martius) Saccardo[5] / 茄镰孢[33]
Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherbakoff[6] / 拟分枝孢镰孢[34]
Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenweber et Reinking) Nelson, Toussoun et Marasas[5] / 亚黏团镰孢[16]
Fusarium tricinctum (Corda) Saccardo[6] / 三隔镰孢[34]
Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg[5] / 拟轮枝镰孢[42]
Gaeumannomyces root rot 顶囊壳根腐病b / Gaeumannomyces graminis (Saccardo) Arx et Olivier[7] / 禾顶囊壳[33,34]
Gaeumannomyces root rota (Phialophora radicicola root rot) Phialophora radicicola Cain[7] / Gaeumannomyces radicicola (Cain) J. Luo & N. Zhang[56] / 根生顶囊壳c
Globisporangium root rota (Pythium root rot) 球孢囊霉根腐病b / Pythium debaryanum Hesse[44] Globisporangium debaryanum (R. Hesse) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 德巴利球孢囊霉c
Pythium irregulare Buisman[5] Globisporangium irregulare (Buisman) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 畸雌球孢囊霉c
Pythium paroecandrum Drechsler[5] Globisporangium paroecandrum (Drechsler) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 侧雄球孢囊霉c
Pythium pulchrum Minden[5] Globisporangium pulchrum (Minden) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 绚丽球孢囊霉c
Pythium rostratum Butler[5] Globisporangium rostratum (E. J. Butler) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 喙球孢囊霉c
Pythium splendens Braun[5] Globisporangium splendens (Hans Braun) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 华丽球孢囊霉c
Pythium sylvaticum Campbell et Hendrix[5] Globisporangium sylvaticum (W. A. Campb. & F. F. Hendrix) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 森林球孢囊霉c
Pythium ultimum Trow[5] Globisporangium ultimum (Trow) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakishima[43] 终极球孢囊霉c
Microdochium root rota
(Microdochium bolleyi root rot)		 小子座菌根腐病b / Microdochium bolleyi (Sprague) de Hoog et Hermanides-Nijhof[7] / 博利微座孢[33]
Phytopythium root rota
(Pythium root rot)		 疫腐霉根腐病b / Pythium helicoides Drechsler[5] Phytopythium helicoides (Drechsler) Abad, De Cock, Bala, Robideau, Lodhi & Lévesque[51] 旋柄疫腐霉c
Pythium vexans de Bary[5] Phytopythium vexans (de Bary) Abad, de Cock, Bala, Robideau, Lodhi & Lévesque[51] 钟器疫腐霉c
Pythium root rot 腐霉根腐病[14] 根腐病[10] Pythium acanthicum Drechsler[5] / 棘腐霉[33-34,47]
Pythium adhaerens Sparrow[5] / 粘腐霉[33,47]
Pythium angustatum Sparrow[5] / 狭囊腐霉[33]
Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick[5] / 瓜果腐霉[33-35,47]
Pythium arrhenomanes Drechsler[5] / 强雄腐霉[33,47]
Pythium graminicola Subramanian[5] / 禾生腐霉[33-34,47]
Pythium lutarium Ali-Shtayeh[5] / 淤泥腐霉[33]
Pythium tardicrescens Vanterpool[5] / 缓生腐霉[33-34,47]
Pythium torulosum Coker et Patterson[5] / 簇囊腐霉[33-34,47]
Pythium vanterpoolii Kouyeas et Kouyeas[44] / 范特腐霉[33]
Red root rot 红色根腐病b / Phoma terrestris Hansen[5] Setophoma terrestris (Hansen) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley[57] 土栖棘壳孢c
Rhizoctonia crown / root rot 丝核菌根腐病b / Rhizoctonia solani Kühn[5] / 茄丝核菌[33]
Rhizoctonia zeae Voorhees[7] / 玉蜀黍丝核菌[33,34]
Trichoderma root rot 木霉根腐病b / Trichoderma hamatum (Bonorden) Bainier[7] / 钩状木霉[33]
Trichoderma harzianum Rifai[7] / 哈茨木霉[33]
Trichoderma koningii Oudemans[7] / 康宁木霉[33]
Trichoderma lignorum (Tode) Harz[7] / 木素木霉[33,34]
Trichoderma viride Persoon: Fries[7] / 绿色木霉[33,34]
Trichothecium root rota
(Trichoderma root rot)		 单端孢根腐病b / Trichoderma roseum (Persoon) Link[7] Trichothecium roseum (Persoon) Link ex Gray[58] 粉红单端孢[33,34]

Table 2

Fungal and oomycetes diseases and causal agents in maize leaves and their Chinese names"

病害名称Name of maize disease 病原名称Pathogen name
英文名称
English name		 汉译名称及文献 Chinese name and literature 曾用中文名称
Other Chinese name and literature		 病原及文献 Pathogen and literature 病原新分类名称及文献
New taxonomy of pathogen and literature		 病原汉译名称及文献
Chinese name of
pathogen and literature
Leaf disease 叶部病害
Alternaria leaf spot 链格孢叶斑病[12] 黑斑病[11] Alternaria alternata (Fries: Fries) Keissler[5] / 链格孢[33,34]
Anthracnose leaf blight 炭疽叶斑病b 炭疽病[10,11] Colletotrichum graminicola (Cesati) Wilson / Glomerella graminicola Politis[5] / 禾生炭疽菌[33]/禾生小丛壳[59]
Ascochyta leaf spot 壳二孢叶斑病b 叶斑病[11]、枯斑病[27] Ascochyta maydis Stout[5] / 玉蜀黍壳二孢c
Ascochyta zeae Stout[5] / 玉米壳二孢c
Ascochyta zeina Saccardo[5] / 蜀黍壳二孢c
Bipolaris leaf spot 平脐蠕孢叶斑病[12] / Bipolaris sorokiniana (Saccardo) Shoemaker[60] / 麦根腐平脐蠕孢[33]
Ceratocystis leaf spota
(Ceratocystis paradoxa leaf spot)		 长喙壳叶斑病b / Ceratocystis paradoxa (Dade) Moreau[6] / 奇异长喙壳[33]
Common rust 普通锈病[11] 锈病[10] Puccinia sorghi Schweinitz[5] / 高粱柄锈菌[33,34]
Corn gray spot 灰点病b 谷瘟病[27] Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Saccardo[6] / 灰梨孢[33]
Curvularia leaf spot 弯孢叶斑病[61] 黑霉病[11]、螺霉病[27] Curvularia aeria (Batista, Lima et Vasconcelos) Tsuda[5] / 空气弯孢[62]
Curvularia australiensis (Ellis) Manamgoda, Cai & Hyde[63] / 澳大利亚弯孢[64]
Curvularia clavata Jain[6,7] / 棒弯孢[33]
Curvularia eragrostidis (Hennings) Meyer[7] / 画眉草弯孢[33]
Curvularia inaequalis (Shear) Boedijn[6,7] / 不等弯孢[33]
Curvularia intermedia Boedijn[7] / 间型弯孢[33]
Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn[6-7,14] / 新月弯孢[33,34]
Curvularia pallescens Boedijn[6,7] / 苍白弯孢[33]
Curvularia senegalensis (Spegazzini) Subramanian[7] / 塞内加尔弯孢[33]
Curvularia tuberculata Jain[6,7] / 小瘤弯孢[33]
Curvularia leaf spota
(Helminthosporium leaf spot)		 Helminthosporium hawaiiensis Bugnicourt[6] Curvularia hawaiiensis (Bugnicourt) Manamgoda, L. Cai & K.D. Hyde[65] 夏威夷弯孢c
Helminthosporium tetramera McKinney[6] Curvularia spicifera (Bainier) Boedijn[65] 穗状弯孢[66]
Entodesmium leaf spota
(Leptosphaeria leaf spot)		 内带孢叶斑病b 斑纹病[27] Leptosphaeria multiseptata Winter[6] Entodesmium multiseptatum (Winter) L. Holm[67] 多隔内带孢c
Epicoccum leaf spot 附球孢叶斑病[60] 斑叶病[9] Epicoccum nigrum Link[60] Epicoccum purpurascens Ehrenberg ex Schlecht[68] 黑附球霉[33,35]
Epicoccum leaf spota
(Phaeosphaeria leaf spot)		 Phoma sorghina (Saccardo) Boerema, Dorenbosch et van Kesteren[69] Epicoccum sorghi (Saccardo) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley[70] 高粱附球霉[71]
Eutiarosporella leaf blight 真小孢帽菌叶枯病[14] / Eutiarosporella dactylidis K.M. Thambugala, E. Camporesi & K.D. Hyde[14] / 鸭茅真小孢帽菌[14]
Exserohilum leaf spota
(Exserohilum prolatum leaf spot)		 凸脐蠕孢叶斑病b 叶枯病[27] Exserohilum prolatum Leonard et Suggs[6] / 延伸凸脐蠕孢[33]
Exserohilum leaf spota
(Rostratum leaf spot)		 Exserohilum rostratum (Drechsler) Leonard et Suggs / Setosphaeria rostrata Leonard[5] / 嘴突凸脐蠕孢[33]/ 嘴突刚毛球腔菌c
Eyespot 北方炭疽病[10,11] / Kabatiella zeae Narita et Hiratsuka[5] / 玉蜀黍球梗孢[33,34]
Fusarium leaf scorch 镰孢叶焦病b / Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg[5] / 拟轮枝镰孢[42]
Fusarium top rot 镰孢顶腐病[14] 梢腐病[27] Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon var. subglutinans Wollenweber et Reinking[16] Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenweber et Reinking) Nelson, Toussoun et Marasas[72] 亚黏团镰孢[16]
Gray leaf spot 灰斑病[[10-11,27] 霉斑病[10] Cercospora sorghi Ellis et Everhart var. maydis Ellis et Everhart[6] / 高粱尾孢玉蜀黍变种[11,73]
Cercospora zeae-maydis Tehon et Daniels[5] / 玉蜀黍尾孢[11]
Cercospora zeina Crous et Braun[5] / 玉米尾孢[74]
Hyalothyridium leaf spot 透斑菌叶斑病b / Astromella spp.[8] / 小星属c
Hyalothyridium maydis Latterell et Rossi[5] / 玉蜀黍透斑菌c
Leptosphaerulina australis McAlpine[8] / 澳大利亚小光壳c
Leptosphaeria leaf spot 小球腔菌叶斑病b 黄斑病[11] Leptosphaeria zeae Stout[5] / 玉米小球腔菌c
Neoascochyta leaf spota
(Didymella leaf spot)		 新壳二孢叶斑病b / Didymella exitialis (Morini) Müller[5] Neoascochyta exitialis (Morini) Qian Chen & L. Cai[75] 损毁新壳二孢c
Northern corn leaf blight 大斑病[10,11] 霉纹病[9]、叶斑病[22] Exserohilum turcicum (Passerini) Leonard et Suggs/Setosphaeria turcica (Luttrell) Leonard et Suggs[5] / 大斑凸脐蠕孢[33]/大斑刚毛球腔菌[11]
Northern corn leaf spot / Carbonum leaf spot 圆斑病[10,11] 叶枯病[10] Bipolaris zeicola (Stout) Shoemaker/Cochliobolus carbonum Nelson[5] / 玉米生平脐蠕孢[33] / 炭色旋孢腔菌[11]
Ophiosphaerella leaf spota (Phaeosphaeria herpotricha leaf spot) 蛇孢球腔菌叶
斑病b		 / Phaeosphaeria herpotricha (Fries) Holm[6] Ophiosphaerella herpotricha (Fries) Walker[76] 盘蛇孢[77]
Paraphaeosphaeria leaf spota (Leptosphaeria
leaf spot)		 异暗球腔菌叶
斑病b		 斑纹病[27] Paraphaeosphaeria michotii (Westendorp) O. E. Eriksson[8] / 米氏异暗球腔菌c
Phaeosphaeria leaf spot 暗球腔菌叶斑病b 白点病[11]、黄斑病[11] Phaeosphaeria maydis (Hennings) Rane, Payak and Renfro[5] / 玉蜀黍暗球腔菌[11]
Phaeosphaeria leaf spota
(Leptosphaeria leaf spot)		 Leptosphaeria variiseptata G. L. Stout[5] Phaeosphaeria variiseptata (G.L. Stout) Shoemaker & C.E. Babcock[78] 变隔暗球腔菌c
Physoderma brown spot 褐斑病[9-11,22] / Physoderma maydis (Miyabe) Miyabe[5] / 玉蜀黍节壶菌[33,34]
Rhizoctonia banded leaf and sheath blight 纹枯病[10,11] / Rhizoctonia cerealis van der Hoeven[79] / 禾谷丝核菌[33]
Rhizoctonia solani Kühn[5] / 茄丝核菌[33]
Rhizoctonia zeae Voorhees[80] / 玉蜀黍丝核菌[33,34]
Selenophoma leaf spot 壳月孢叶斑病b / Selenophoma spp.[5] / 壳月孢属[33,34]
Septoria leaf blotch 壳针孢斑点病b 斑枯病[10-11,27] Septoria maydis Schulzer et Saccardo[6] / 玉米壳针孢[33,81]
Septoria zeina Stout[10,82] Septoria zeae Stout[81] 玉蜀黍壳针孢[33,34]
Southern corn leaf blight 小斑病[10,11] 胡麻叶斑病[9] Bipolaris maydis (Nisikado et Miyake) Shoemaker/Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Drechsler) Drechsler[5] / 玉蜀黍平脐蠕孢[33]/异旋孢腔菌[33]
Southern rust 南方锈病[11] 热带锈病[27] Puccinia polysora Underwood[5] / 多堆柄锈菌[33]
Stenocarpella leaf spot
(Diplodia (Stenocarpella) leaf spot)		 狭壳柱孢叶斑病b / Stenocarpella maydis (Berkeley) Sutton[5] / 玉米狭壳柱孢[33,48]
Stenocarpella leaf streak
(Diplodia (Stenocarpella) leaf streak)		 狭壳柱孢条斑病b / Stenocarpella macrospora (Earle) Sutton[5] / 大孢狭壳柱孢[33,48]
Tar spot complex 靶斑病b 黑痣病[11,27] Monographella maydis Müller et Samuels[5] Microdochium maydis (Müller et Samuels) M. Hernández-Restrepo & Crous[83] 玉蜀黍微座孢c
Phyllachora maydis Maublanc[5] / 玉蜀黍黑痣菌[11,84]
Tropic rust 热带锈病[11] / Physopella pallescens (Arthur) Cummins et Ramachar[7] / 苍白壳锈菌c
Physopella zeae (Mains) Cummins et Ramachar[5] / 玉米壳锈菌[11]
Yellow leaf blight 叶黄枯病[11,27] 叶斑病[9] Phyllosticta maydis Arny et Nelson[5] Didymella maydis (Arny et Nelson) Chen & Cai[75] 玉蜀黍亚隔孢壳c
Zonate leaf spot 豹纹病[10,11] / Gloeocercospora sorghi Bain et Edgerton ex Deighton[5] Microdochium sorghi (Bain et Edgerton ex Deighton) Braun[85] 高粱微座孢c
Downy mildew 霜霉病
Brown stripe downy mildew 褐条霜霉病[86] 褐纹霜霉病[11] Sclerophthora rayssiae Kenneth, Koltin et Wahl[5] Sclerophthora rayssiae Kenneth, Koltin et Wahl var. zeae Payak et Renfro[87] 褐条指疫霉玉蜀黍变种[88]
Crazy top downy mildew 疯顶霜霉病[14] 疯病[10]、玉米指疫霉病/疯顶病[11] Sclerophthora macrospora (Saccardo) Thirumalachar, Shaw et Narasimhan[5] Sclerophthora macrospora (Saccardo) Thirumalachar, Shaw et Narasimhan var. maydis Liu et Zhang[47] 大孢指疫霉玉蜀黍变种[33,47]
Graminicola downy mildew 禾生霜霉病[11] 白发病[10] Sclerospora graminicola (Saccardo) Schröter[5] / 禾生指梗霜霉[47]
Jawa downy mildew 爪哇霜霉病b 玉米霜霉病[11] Peronosclerospora maydis (Raciborsky) Shaw[5] / 玉蜀黍指霜霉[33,47]
Leaf splitting downy mildew 裂叶霜霉病b / Peronosclerospora miscanthi (Miyake) Shaw[5] / 芒指霜霉[47]
Philippine downy mildew 菲律宾霜霉病[11] 霜霉病[10] Peronosclerospora philippinensis (Weston) Shaw[5] / 菲律宾指霜霉[33,47]
Rajasthan downy mildew 拉贾斯坦霜霉病b / Peronosclerospora heteropogoni Siradhana, Dange, Rathore and Singh[5] / 异穗指霜霉[89]
Sorghum downy mildew 蜀黍霜霉病b 霜霉病[10]、高粱霜霉病[11] Peronosclerospora sorghi (Weston and Uppal) Shaw[5] / 蜀黍指霜霉[33,47]
Spontaneum downy mildew 自发霜霉病b 霜霉病[10] Peronosclerospora spontanea (Weston) Shaw[5] / 自发指霜霉[47]
Sugarcane downy mildew 禾黍霜霉病b 甘蔗霜霉病[11] Peronosclerospora sacchari (Miyake) Shirai and Hara[5] / 甘蔗指霜霉[33,47]

Table 3

Fungal diseases and causal agents in maize ear and their Chinese names"

病害名称Name of maize disease 病原名称Pathogen name
英文名称
English name		 汉译名称及文献 Chinese name and literature 曾用中文名称
Other Chinese name and literature		 病原及文献
Pathogen and literature		 病原新分类名称及文献
New taxonomy of pathogen and literature		 病原汉译名称及文献
Chinese name of
pathogen and literature
Aspergillus ear rot 曲霉穗腐病[14] 曲霉病[10,27] Aspergillus flavus Link: Fries[5] / 黄曲霉[33,34,35]
Aspergillus glaucus (Linnaeus) Link[6] / 灰绿曲霉[33,34,35]
Aspergillus oryzae (Ahlburg) Cohn[8] / 米曲霉[33,34,35]
Aspergillus parasiticus Speare[5] / 寄生曲霉[33,34]
Aspergillus ear rota
(Black mold)		 Aspergillus niger van Tieghem[5] / 黑曲霉[33,34,35]
Black ear rot 炭腐穗腐病[14] 黑腐病[27] Bipolaris zeicola (Stout) Shoemaker[5] / 玉米生平脐蠕孢[33]
Black kernel rot 穗黑腐病[11] Botryodiplodia anasseae Patouillard[6] Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Patouillard) Griffon et Maublanc[90] 可可毛色二孢菌[33]
Botryodiplodia tubericola (Ellis et Everhart) Petrák[6] Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Patouillard) Griffon et Maublanc[91] 可可毛色二孢菌[33]
Botryodiplodia theobromae Patouillard[5] Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Patouillard) Griffon et Maublanc[91] 可可毛色二孢菌[33]
Diplodia gossipina Cooke[6] Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Patouillard) Griffon et Maublanc[91] 可可毛色二孢菌[33]
Sarocladium ear rot
(Cephalosporium kernel rot)		 帚枝杆孢穗腐病[92] / Acremonium strictum Gams[6] Sarocladium strictum (Gams) Summerbell[58] 直帚枝杆孢[92]
Charcoal ear rot 炭色穗腐病b / Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidànich[6] / 菜豆壳球孢[33,34]
Cladosporium ear rot 枝孢穗腐病[14] 穗黑变病[11] Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresenius) de Vries[5] / 枝状枝孢[33,93]
Cladosporium herbarum (Persoon: Fries) Link[5] / 多主枝孢[33-34,93]
Common smut 瘤黑粉病[11] 黑穗病[9]、黑粉病[10,22] Ustilago maydis (DeCandolle) Corda[5] Mycosarcoma maydis (DeCandolle) Brefeld[94] 玉蜀黍瘿黑粉菌[92]
Stenocarpella ear rot
(Diplodia (Stenocarpella) ear rot)		 狭壳柱孢穗腐病b 穗粒干腐病[10]、干腐病[27] Stenocarpella macrospora (Earle) Sutton[5] / 大孢狭壳柱孢[33,48]
Stenocarpella maydis (Berkeley) Sutton[5] / 玉米狭壳柱孢[33,48]
Ergot 麦角病b / Claviceps gigantae Fuentes, Isla, Ullstrup et Rodríguez[5] / 巨大麦角菌[35]
False smut 假黑粉病[10] / Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi[5] / 稻绿核菌[33]
Fusarium ear rot/pink ear rot 镰孢穗腐病[13] 穗枯病[9]、粉腐病[10]、赤霉穗腐病[11] Fusarium andiyazi Marasas, Rheeder, Lamprecht, K.A. Zeller & J.F. Leslie[95] / 新知镰孢[96]
Fusarium camptoceras Wollenweber & Reinking[97] / 弯角镰孢[97]
Fusarium chlamydosporum Wollenweber & Reinking[98] / 厚垣镰孢[35]
Fusarium concentricum Nirenberg & O’Donnell[99] / 轮纹镰孢[100]
Fusarium equiseti (Corda) Saccardo[101] / 木贼镰孢[33,34]
Fusarium fujikuroi Nirenberg[102] / 藤仓镰孢[103]
Fusarium kyushuense O’Donnell & T. Aoki[104] / 九州镰孢[105]
Fusarium napiforme Marasas, P.E. Nelson & Rabie[98] / 芜菁状镰孢[106]
Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtendal emend. Snyder et Hansen[5] / 尖镰孢[33]
Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenweber[5] / 早熟禾镰孢[33,34]
Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg ex Gerlach et Nirenberg[5] / 层出镰孢[17]
Fusarium pseudonygamai Nirenberg & O’Donnell[98] / 拟奈革麦镰孢c
Fusarium sacchari (E.J. Butler) W. Gams[99] / 甘蔗镰孢[100]
Fusarium semitectum Berkeley & Ravenel[107] / 半裸镰孢[34,35]
Fusarium solani (Martius) Saccardo[107] / 茄镰孢[34]
Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherbakoff[5] / 拟分枝孢镰孢[34]
Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenweber et Reinking) Nelson, Toussoun et Marasas[5] / 亚黏团镰孢[16]
Fusarium temperatum Scauflaire et Munaut[5,108-109] / 温带镰孢c
Fusarium tricinctum (Corda) Saccardo[5] / 三隔镰孢[34]
Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg[5] / 拟轮枝镰孢[42]
Fusarium ear rot
(Fusarium globosum kernel infection)		 Fusarium globosum Rheeder, Marasas et Nelson[7,110] / 球镰孢c
Fusarium ear rot
(Fusarium scirpi in grain)		 Fusarium scirpi Lambotte et Fautrey[7] / 藨草镰孢[33,34]
Gibberella ear rot/red ear rot 赤霉穗腐病[11] 赤霉病[10] Fusarium acuminatum Ellis & Everhart[107] / 锐顶镰孢[111]
Fusarium asiaticum O’onnell, T. Aoki, Kistler & Geiser[101,112] / 亚洲镰孢[113]
Fusarium avenaceum (Fries) Saccardo[10] / 燕麦镰孢[33]
Fusarium boothii O’Donnell, Aoki, Kistler & Geiser[114] / 布氏镰孢[114]
Fusarium crookwellense L.W. Burgess, P.E. Nelson & Toussoun[107] / 克鲁克威尔镰孢[97]
Fusarium culmorum (Smith) Saccardo[5] / 黄色镰孢[33]
Fusarium graminearum Schwabe[5] / 禾谷镰孢[33]
Fusarium incarnatum (Roberge) Saccardo[102] / 变红镰孢[115]
Fusarium meridionale Aoki, Kistler, Geiser & O’Donnell[8,114] / 南方镰孢[114]
Gray ear rot 穗灰腐病[11] / Botryosphaeria zeae (Stout) Arx et Müller[5] / 玉蜀黍葡萄座腔菌[116]
Head smut 丝黑穗病[9,10,11] 黑头病[22] Sphacelotheca reiliana (Kühn) Clinton[5] Sporisorium reilianum (Kühn) Langdon and Fullerton[8] 丝孢堆黑粉菌[33,117]
Nigrospora ear rot/Dry ear rot 黑孢穗腐病[11,14] 裂轴病[10] Nigrospora oryzae (Berkeley et Broome) Petch[5] / 稻黑孢[33,34]
Penicillium ear rot 青霉穗腐病[11] 绿霉病[22]、青霉病[27] Penicillium chrysogenum Thom[5] / 产黄青霉[33-34,46]
Penicillium cyclopium Westling[5] / 圆弧青霉[33,34,35]
Penicillium expansum Link[5] / 扩展青霉[33-34,46]
Penicillium funiculosum Thom[5] / 绳状青霉[33-35,46]
Penicillium glaucum Link[5] / 灰绿青霉[33]
Penicillium oxalicum Currie et Thom[5] / 草酸青霉[33-35,46]
Penicillium verrucosum Dierckx[8] / 疣状青霉[46]
Penicillium viridicatum Westling[5] / 鲜绿青霉[33-35,46]
Talaromyces radicus (A.D. Hocking et Whitelaw) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert[14] / 放射篮状菌[14]
Red kernal disease 红粒病b 红斑病[27] Epicoccum nigrum Link[6] Epicoccum purpurascens Ehrenberg ex Schlech[68] 紫附球霉c
Epicoccum purpurascens Ehrenberg ex Schlechtendal[6] / 紫附球霉c
Rhizoctonia ear rot 丝核菌穗腐病b 褐色菌核病[10] Rhizoctonia zeae Voorhees[5] / 玉蜀黍丝核菌[33,34]
Rhizoctonia ear rot
(Corticium ear rot)		 Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk[7] Rhizoctonia solani Kühn[14] 茄丝核菌[33]
Rhizopus ear rot 根霉穗腐病b 根霉病[27] Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenberg) Vuillemin[8] / 匍枝根霉[33,34]
Sclerotium ear rot 菌核菌穗腐病b 红色菌核病[27] Sclerotium rolfsii Saccardo[6] / 齐整小核菌[33,34]
Microdochium ear rota
(seed-borne)		 微座孢穗腐病b / Microdochium seminicola Hernández-Restrepo, Seifert, Clear & B. Dorn[83] / 种生微座孢c
Shuck rot 苞叶腐烂病b / Myrothecium gramineum Libert[7] / 禾漆斑菌[33,34]
Trichoderma ear rot 木霉穗腐病[14] 木霉病、红粉病[10] Trichoderma asperellum Samuels, Lieckfeldt & Nirenberg[101] / 棘孢木霉[33]
Trichoderma hamatum (Bonorden) Bainier[6] / 钩状木霉[33]
Trichoderma harzianum Rifai[6] / 哈茨木霉[33]
Trichoderma koningii Oudemans[6] / 康宁木霉[33]
Trichoderma koningiopsis Samuels, C. Suárez & H.C. Evans[101] / 拟康宁木霉[118]
Trichoderma lignorum (Tode) Harz[6] / 木素木霉[33,34]
Trichoderma ovalisporum Samuels & Schroers[101] / 卵孢木霉[118]
Trichoderma viride Persoon: Fries[5] / 绿色木霉[33,34]
Trichothecium ear rota
(Trichoderma ear rot)		 单端孢穗腐病b / Trichoderma roseum (Persoon) Link[6] Trichothecium roseum (Persoon) Link ex Gray[58] 粉红单端孢[33,34]

Table 4

Fungal and oomycetes diseases and causal agents in maize stalk and their Chinese names"

病害名称Name of maize disease 病原名称Pathogen name
英文名称
English name		 汉译名称及文献 Chinese name and literature 曾用中文名称
Other Chinese name and literature		 病原及文献
Pathogen and literature		 病原新分类名称
及文献
New taxonomy of pathogen and literature		 病原汉译名称及文献
Chinese name of
pathogen and literature
Sarocladium stalk rota
(Acremonium zeae stalk rot)		 帚枝杆孢茎
腐病b		 / Acremonium zeae Gams et Sumner[6] Sarocladium zeae (Gams et Sumner) Summerbell[58] 玉米帚枝杆孢c
Anthracnose stalk rot 炭疽茎腐病[11] / Colletotrichum graminicola (Cesati) Wilson / Glomerella graminicola Politis[5] / 禾生炭疽菌[33] /禾生小丛壳[59]
Black bundle disease 黑束病[10,11] / Cephalosporium acremonium Corda[5] Sarocladium strictum (Gams) Summerbell[58] 直帚枝杆孢[93]
Botrytis stalk rot 葡萄孢茎腐病b / Botrytis cinerea Persoon[6] / 灰葡萄孢[33,34,35]
Charcoal stalk rot 炭腐茎腐病[11] 炭腐病[10] Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidànich[5] / 菜豆壳球孢[33,34]
Stenocarpella stalk rot
(Diplodia (Stenocarpella) stalk rot)		 狭壳柱孢茎
腐病b		 干腐病[10]、壳色单隔孢茎腐病[11] Stenocarpella maydis (Berkeley) Sutton[5] / 玉米狭壳柱孢[33,48]
Fusarium stalk rots 镰孢茎腐病[11] 青枯病[10] Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg ex Gerlach et Nirenberg[5] / 层出镰孢[17]
Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenweber et Reinking) Nelson, Toussoun et Marasas[5] / 亚黏团镰孢[16]
Fusarium temperatum Scauflaire et Munaut[8] / 温带镰孢c
Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg[5] / 拟轮枝镰孢[42]
Gibberella stalk rot 赤霉茎腐病[11] 青枯病[10] Fusarium graminearum Schwabe/Gibberella zeae (Schweinitz) Petch[5] / 禾谷镰孢/玉蜀黍赤霉[33]
Late wilt 晚萎病[10,11] / Harpophora maydis (Samra, Sabet and Hingorani) Gams[5] Magnaporthiopsis maydis (Samra, Sabet and Hingorani) Klaubauf, Lebrun & Crous[119] 玉蜀黍拟巨座壳c
Take all 全蚀病[11] / Gaeumannomyces graminis (Saccardo) Arx et Olivier var. maydis Yao, Wang et Zhu[30] / 禾顶囊壳玉米变种[33]
Marasmius root and stalk rot 小皮伞茎腐病b / Marasmiellus inoderma (Berkeley) Singer[6] / 纤状微皮伞c
Marasmius graminum (Libert) Berkeley sensu Singer var. brevispora Dennis[6] / 禾生小皮伞短孢变种[120]
Marasmius sacchari Wakker var. hawaiiensis Cobb[6] / 甘蔗小皮伞夏威夷变种[33,34]
Nigrospora stalk rot 黑孢茎腐病[11] / Nigrospora oryzae (Berkeley et Broome) Petch[5] / 稻黑孢[33,34]
Phaeocytostroma stalk rota (Phaeocytostroma stalk infection) 暗色座腔孢茎
腐病[11]		 / Phaeocytostroma ambiguum (Montagne) Petrak[5] / 含糊暗色座腔孢[33]
Setophoma stalk rota
(Pyrenochaeta stalk rot)		 棘壳孢茎腐病[11] Pyrenochaeta terrestris (Hansen) Gorenz, Walker et Larson[6] Setophoma terrestris (Hansen) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley[57] 土栖棘壳孢c
Pythium stalk rot 腐霉茎腐病[11] 基腐病[10] Pythium acanthicum Drechsler[121] / 棘腐霉[33-34,47]
Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick[5] / 瓜果腐霉[33-35,47]
Pythium aristosporum Vanterpool[122] / 芒孢腐霉[35,47]
Pythium arrhenomanes Drechsler[121] / 强雄腐霉[33,35,47]
Pythium butleri Subramaniam[6] Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick[47] 瓜果腐霉[33-35,47]
Pythium graminicola Subramanian[121] / 禾生腐霉[33-34,47]
Pythium inflatum Matthews[121] / 肿囊腐霉[33-34,47]
Rhizoctonia stalk rot 丝核菌茎腐病b / Rhizoctonia solani Kühn[7] / 茄丝核菌[33]
Sclerotinia stalk rot 核盘菌茎腐病b 白腐病[10] Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Libert) de Bary[6] / 核盘菌[33,34]
Sheath rot 鞘腐病[17] / Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg ex Gerlach et Nirenberg[17] / 层出镰孢[17]
Sordaria stalk rota (Sordaria fimicola stalk infection) 粪壳菌茎腐病b / Sordaria fimicola (Roberge ex Desmazières) Cesati et De Notaris[7] / 粪生粪壳[34]

Table 5

Bacterial diseases and causal agents of maize and their Chinese names"

病害名称Name of maize disease 病原名称Pathogen name
英文名称
English name		 汉译名称及文献 Chinese name and literature 曾用中文名称
Other Chinese name and literature		 病原及文献
Pathogen and literature		 病原新分类名称及文献
New taxonomy of pathogen and literature		 病原汉译名称及文献
Chinese name of
pathogen and literature
Bacterial seed rot-seedling blight 细菌性种腐-苗枯病b / Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg 1835) Cohn 1872[7] / 枯草芽孢杆菌[33,36-37]
Bacterial leaf blight 细菌性叶枯病[11] / Pseudomonas avenae Manns 1909 subsp. avenae Manns 1991[5] Acidovorax avenae (Manns 1909) Willems, Goor, Thielemans, Gillis, Kersters & De Ley 1992 emend. Schaad et al. 2008[123] 燕麦食酸菌[36,37]
Bacterial leaf streak 细菌性条斑病b 甘蔗细菌性萎蔫病[11] Xanthomonas vasicola Vauterin, Hoste, Kersters & Swings 1995 pv. vasculorum (Cobb 1894) comb. nov.[124,125,126] / 居维管束黄单胞菌维管束致病变种[127]
Xanthomonas campestris (Pammel 1895) Dowson 1939 pv. zeae[5] Xanthomonas vasicola Vauterin, Hoste, Kersters & Swings 1995 pv. zeae[128] 居维管束黄单胞菌玉米致病变种c
Bacterial stripe and leaf spot 细菌性条纹病[10,11] / Pseudomonas andropogonis Smith 1911[5] Robbsia andropogonis (Smith 1911) Lopes-Santos, Castro, Ferreira-Tonin, CorrIa, Weir, Park, Ottoboni, Neto & Destefano 2017[129] 须芒草罗伯氏菌c
Chocolate spot 细菌性巧克力斑点病[11] 细菌斑点病[27] Pseudomonas syringae van Hall, 1904 pv. coronafaciens (Elliott 1920) Young, Dye & Wilkie 1978[5] Pseudomonas coronafaciens (ex Elliott 1920) Schaad & Cunfer 1979[130] 晕斑假单胞菌[131]
Holcus spot 细菌性褐斑病[11] / Pseudomonas syringae van Hall, 1904 pv. syringae van Hall 1904[5] / 丁香假单胞菌丁香致病变种[33]
Maize white spot 细菌性白斑病b / Pantoea ananatis (Serrano 1928) Mergaert, Verdonck & Kersters 1993[132] / 菠萝泛菌[33,36-37]
Pantoea leaf spot 泛菌叶斑病[12] / Pantoea ananatis (Serrano 1928) Mergaert, Verdonck & Kersters 1993[12] / 菠萝泛菌[33,36-37]
Bacillus leaf spot 芽孢杆菌叶斑病[12] / Bacillus megaterium de Bary 1884[12] / 巨大芽孢杆菌[33,36-37]
Bacterial top rot 细菌性顶腐病[13] / Erwinia carotovora (Jones 1901) Bergey, Harrison, Breed, Hammer and Huntoon 1923 subsp. carotovora (Jones 1901) Dye 1969[6] Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 subsp. carotovorum (Jones) Hauben, Moore, Vauterin, Steenackers, Mergaert, Verdonck & Swings 1999[133,134] 胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌胡萝卜亚种[36]
Klebsiella pneumoniae (Schroeter 1886) Trevisan 1887[14,135] / 肺炎克雷伯氏菌[36,37]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter 1872) Migula 1900[14] / 铜绿假单胞菌[33,36-37]
Serratia marcescens Bizio 1819[14] / 黏质沙雷氏菌[33,36]
Sphingomonas sp.[14] / 鞘氨醇单胞菌[33,37]
Bacterial stalk rot 细菌性茎腐病[10,11] / Erwinia carotovora (Jones 1901) Bergey, Harrison, Breed, Hammer and Huntoon 1923 subsp. carotovora (Jones 1901) Dye 1969[5] Pectobacterium carotovorum (Jones 1901) Waldee 1945 subsp. carotovorum (Jones) Hauben, Moore, Vauterin, Steenackers, Mergaert, Verdonck & Swings 1999[133] 胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌胡萝卜亚种[36]
Bacterial dry stalk rot 细菌干茎腐病[12] / Pantoea agglomerans (Ewing and Fife 1975) Gavini Mergaert, Beji, Mielcarek, Izard, Kersters and De Ley 1989[12] / 成团泛菌[33,36-37]
Bacterial ear rot 细菌性穗腐病[12] / Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Hugh 1981) Palleroni & Bradbury 1993[14] / 嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌[33,36]
Bacterial sheath brown rot 细菌性鞘褐腐病b / Pseudomonas fuscovaginae (ex Tanii, Miyajima and Akita 1976) Miyajima, Tanii and Akita 1983[136] / 褐鞘假单胞菌[33,37]
Bacterial basal stalk rot 细菌茎基腐病[12] / Bacillus pumilus Meyer and Gottheil 1901[14] / 短小芽孢杆菌[36,37]
Stewart’s bacterial wilt 细菌性枯萎病[10,11] / Pantoea stewartii (Smith) Mergaert, Verdonck & Kersters 1993 subsp. stewartii (Smith) Mergaert, Verdonck & Kersters 1993[5] / 斯氏泛菌斯氏亚种[33,37]
Goss’s bacterial wilt and blight 内州萎蔫病[137] 尼州细菌性凋萎病[11] Clavibacter michigenensis (Smith) Davis, Gillaspies, Vidaver & Harris subsp. nebraskense (Vidaver and Mandel) Davis, Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris[5] / 密执安棒形杆菌内州亚种[33]
Corn stunt 玉米矮缩病b / Spiroplasma kunkelii Whitcomb, Chen, Williamsons, Liao & Tully 1986[5] / 孔氏螺原体[33,37]
Maize bushy stunt 玉米丛矮病[11] / Phytoplasma ‘Candidatus’ [5] ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’, subgroup 16SrI-B[138] 翠菊植原体暂定种（16SrI-B亚组）[139]
Maize redness 玉米红化病b / Phytoplasma ‘Candidatus’[5] stolbur phytoplasma (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’, subgroup 16SrXII-A)[140,141,142] 顽固植原体（茄植原体暂定种,16SrXII-A亚组）c

Table 6

Viral diseases and causal agents of maize and their Chinese names"

病害名称Name of maize disease 病原名称Pathogen name
英文名称
English name		 汉译名称及文献 Chinese name and literature 曾用中文名称
Other Chinese name and literature		 病原及文献
Pathogen and literature		 病原新分类名称及文献
New taxonomy of pathogen and literature		 病原汉译名称及文献
Chinese name of
pathogen and literature
American wheat striate mosaic 玉米条点花叶病b / American wheat striate mosaic virus[5] Wheat American striate mosaic virus[143] 美洲小麦条点花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Barley stripe mosaic 玉米矮缩病毒病b / Barley stripe mosaic virus[6] / 大麦条纹花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Barley yellow dwarf 玉米红叶病[12] 黄矮病[11] Barley yellow dwarf virus[5] Wheat yellow dwarf virus-GPV[144] 小麦黄矮病毒-GPV株系[145]
Barley yellow dwarf virus[5] Maize yellow dwarf virus-RMV[146] 玉米黄矮病毒-RMV株系[92]
Brome mosaic 玉米病毒性白斑病b / Brome mosaic virus[5] / 雀麦花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Cereal chlorotic mottle 玉米禾谷褪绿斑驳病b / Cereal chlorotic mottle virus[5] / 禾谷褪绿斑驳病毒[38]
Cucumber mosaic 玉米条纹花叶病b / Cucumber mosaic virus[5] / 黄瓜花叶病毒[33,38-39]
High plains disease 玉米高原病毒病[147] / Wheat mosaic virus[5] Maize red stripe virus[148] 玉米红条纹病毒c
Maize chlorotic dwarf 玉米褪绿矮缩病[11] / Maize chlorotic dwarf virus[5] / 玉米褪绿矮缩病毒[33,38-39]
Maize chlorotic mottle 玉米褪绿斑驳病[11] / Maize chlorotic mottle virus[5] / 玉米褪绿斑驳病毒[33,38-39]
Maize dwarf mosaic 玉米矮花叶病[11] 矮缩花叶病[10] Johnsongrass mosaic virus[5] / 石茅高粱花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Maize dwarf mosaic virus[5] / 玉米矮花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Pennisetum mosaic virus[5] / 白草花叶病毒[149]
Sorghum mosaic virus[5] / 高粱花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Sugarcane mosaic virus[5] / 甘蔗花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Zea mosaic virus[5] / 玉蜀黍属花叶病毒c
Maize fine streak 玉米细条纹病毒病b / Maize fine streak virus[5] / 玉米细条病毒c
Maize leaf fleck 玉米枯斑病毒病b 枯叶斑病[27] Maize leaf fleck virus[5] Barley yellow dwarf viruse[33] 大麦黄矮病毒[33,38]
Maize lethal necrosis 玉米致死性坏死病[11] / Maize chlorotic mottle virus + Potyviridae[5] / 玉米褪绿斑驳病毒+马铃薯Y病毒科病毒[33,38-39]
Maize mosaic 玉米花叶病[10,11] / Maize mosaic virus[5] / 玉米花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Maize necrotic streak 玉米坏死条纹病b / Maize necrotic streak virus[5] / 玉米坏死线条病毒[150]
Maize rayado fino 玉米雷亚多非纳病毒病b 细条斑病[11] Maize rayado fino virus[5] / 玉米雷亚朵非纳病毒[39]
Maize rough dwarf 玉米粗缩病[10,11] 黑条矮缩病[10] Maize rough dwarf virus[5] / 玉米粗缩病毒[33,38-39]
Mal de rio cuarto virus[5] / 里奥夸尔托病毒[39]
Rice black-streaked dwarf virus[5] / 水稻黑条矮缩病毒[33,38-39]
Southern?rice?black-streaked?dwarf?virus[151] / 南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒[151]
Maize sterile stunt 玉米不育矮化病b / Maize sterile stunt virus[6] Barley yellow striate mosaic virus[152] 大麦黄条点花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Maize streak 玉米条斑病毒病[11] 条点病[10] Maize streak virus[5] / 玉米线条病毒[33,38-39]
Maize stripe 玉米条纹病毒病[11] / Maize stripe virus[5] / 玉米条纹病毒[33,38-39]
Maize white line mosaic 玉米白线花叶病b / Maize white line mosaic virus[5] / 玉米白线花叶病毒[33,38-39]
Maize yellow mosaic 玉米黄花叶病b / Maize yellow mosaic virus[153] / 玉米黄化花叶病毒[154]
Maize yellow stripe 玉米黄条病毒病b / Maize yellow stripe virus[7,155] / 玉米黄条病毒[33,38]
Rice stripe 玉米褪绿条纹病b / Rice stripe virus[5] / 水稻条纹病毒[33,38-39]
Wheat spot mosaic 玉米斑点花叶病b / Wheat spot mosaic virus[6] / 小麦斑点花叶病毒[38]
Wheat streak mosaic 玉米条斑花叶病[30] 小麦条纹花叶病[11] Wheat streak mosaic virus[5] / 小麦线条花叶病毒[33,38-39]
?d / / Maize streak Reunion virus[156,157] / 留尼旺玉米线条病毒[154]
?d / / Maize-associated pteridovirus[158] / 玉米相关的蕨类病毒c
?d / / Maize-associated totivirus 1[159,160,161] / 玉米相关的整体病毒1[154]
?d / / Maize-associated umbravirus[154] / 玉米相关的形影病毒[154]

Table 7

Nematode diseases and causal agents of maize and their Chinese names"

病害名称Name of maize disease 病原名称Pathogen name
英文名称
English name		 汉译名称及文献 Chinese name and literature 曾用中文名称
Other Chinese name and literature		 线虫及文献
Nematode and literature		 病原新分类名称及文献
New taxonomy of pathogen and literature		 病原汉译名称及文献
Chinese name of
pathogen and literature
Awl nematode 玉米锥线虫病[11] / Dolichodorus heterocephalus Cobb, 1914[5] / 异头锥线虫[33]
Bulb and stem nematode 玉米茎线虫病b / Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936[7] / 起绒草茎线虫[33,40]
Burrowing nematode 玉米穿孔线虫病[11] / Radopholus similis (Cobb, 1893) Thorne, 1949[7] / 相似穿孔线虫[33,40]
Cyst nematode 玉米胞囊线虫病[11] / Heterodera avenae Wollenweber, 1924[7] / 燕麦胞囊线虫[40]
Heterodera zeae Koshy, Swarup and Sethi, 1970[5] / 玉米胞囊线虫[162]
Punctodera chalcoensis Stone, Sosa Moss and Mulvey, 1976[5] / 查尔科斑皮线虫[33]
Vittatidera zeaphila Bernard, Handoo, Powers, Donald & Heinz, 2010[5] / 玉米横纹线虫c
Dagger nematode 玉米剑线虫病[11] / Xiphinema americanum Cobb, 1913[5] / 美洲剑线虫[33,40]
Xiphinema chambersi Thorne, 1939[8] / 腔室剑线虫[163]
Xiphinema mediterraneum Martelli and Lamberti, 1967[7] Xiphinema pachtaicum (Tulaganov, 1938) Kirjanova, 1951[164] 肥厚剑线虫[165]
Xiphinema rivesi Dalmasso, 1969[8] / 里夫丝剑线虫[33]
False root knot nematode 玉米假根结线虫病b / Nacobbus dorsalis Thorne & Allen, 1944[7] / 背侧珍珠线虫[40]
Lance nematode 玉米枪线虫病[11] / Hoplolaimus columbus Sher, 1963[5] Basirolaimus columbus (Sher, 1963) Shamsi 1979[166] 哥伦布斯基唇线虫[40]
Hoplolaimus galeatus (Cobb, 1913) Thorne, 1935[5] / 帽状纽带线虫[33]
Hoplolaimus indicus Sher, 1963[7] Basirolaimus indicus (Sher, 1963) Shamsi 1979[166] 印度基唇线虫[40]
Needle nematode 玉米长针线虫病[11] / Longidorus breviannulatus Norton & Hoffmann, 1975[5] / 短环长针线虫[33]
Nematode stunt disease 玉米线虫矮化病[19] / Trichotylenchus changlingensis (Xu, Xie, Zeng, Chen & Zhou, 2011) Geraert, 2011[19] / 长岭发垫刃线虫[19]
Ring nematode 玉米环线虫病[11] / Criconemella ornata (Raski, 1958) Luc & Raski, 1981[5] Mesocriconema ornatum (Raski, 1958) Loof & de Grisse, 1989[167] 装饰中环线虫[168]
Criconemella sphaerocephala (Taylor, 1936) Luc et Raski, 1981[5] Mesocriconema sphaerocephala (Taylor, 1936) Loof, 1989[167] 球头中环线虫c
Root lesion nematode 玉米根腐线虫病[11] / Pratylenchus brachyurus (Godfrey, 1929) Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941[5] / 最短尾短体线虫[40]
Pratylenchus crenatus Loof, 1960[7] / 刻痕短体线虫[33,40]
Pratylenchus hexincisus Taylor & Jenkins, 1957[5] / 六纹短体线虫[40]
Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941[5] / 落选短体线虫[33,40]
Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Filipjev and Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941[5] / 穿刺短体线虫[33,40]
Pratylenchus scribneri Steiner, 1943[5] / 斯氏短体线虫[40]
Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953[7] / 索氏短体线虫[40]
Pratylenchus zeae Graham, 1951[5] / 玉米短体线虫[33,40]
Root-knot nematode 玉米根结线虫病[11] / Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949[5] / 花生根结线虫[33,40]
Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O'Bannon, Santo, and Finley, 1980[5] / 奇氏根结线虫[33]
Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949[5] / 北方根结线虫[33,40]
Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949[5] / 南方根结线虫[33,40]
Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949[5] / 爪哇根结线虫[33,40]
Spiral nematode 玉米螺旋线虫病[11] / Helicotylenchus digonicus Perry, 1959[5] / 双角螺旋线虫[33,40]
Helicotylenchus dihystera (Cobb, 1893) Sher, 1961[5] / 双宫螺旋线虫[33,40]
Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus (Steiner, 1914) Golden, 1956[5] / 假强壮螺旋线虫[33,40]
Scutellonema brachyurum (Steiner, 1938) Andrássy, 1958[5] / 小尾盾线虫[33,40]
Sting nematode 玉米刺线虫病[11] / Belonolaimus longicaudatum Rau, 1958[5] / 长尾刺线虫[40]
Stubby-root nematode 玉米切根线虫病[11] / Paratrichodorus minor (Colbran, 1956) Siddiqi, 1974[5] / 较小拟毛刺线虫[33,40]
Paratrichodorus porosus (Allen, 1957) Siddiqi, 1973[8] / 胼胝拟毛刺线虫[40]
Quinisulcius acutus (Allen, 1955) Siddiqi, 1971[7] / 锐利五沟线虫[40]
Stunt nematode 玉米矮化线虫病[11] / Tylenchorhynchus claytoni Steiner, 1937[5] / 克莱顿矮化线虫[33,40]
Tylenchorhynchus dubius (Buetschli, 1873) Filipjev, 1936[7] Bitylenchus dubius (Buetschli, 1873) Siddiqi, 1986[169] 不定双垫刃线虫[40]
Tylenchorhynchus maximus Allen, 1955[5] Sauertylenchus maximus (Allen, 1955) Siddiqi, 2000[170] 最大索尔垫刃线虫[171]
Tylenchorhynchus vulgaris Upadhyay, Swarup & Sethi, 1972[7] / 普通矮化线虫[172]
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