重庆稻田基础地力水平对水稻养分利用效率的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.16.007

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The level of soil inherent productivity has a direct relationship with soil nutrient supply capacity, which affects the crop nutrient absorption of from soil and fertilizer. The objective of this research was to study the relationship between soil fertility and rice nutrient absorption efficiency and to evaluate its effect on rice nutrient absorption from soil and fertilizer under different soil inherent productivity levels, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving rice nutrient absorption efficiency in different soil inherent productivity.【Method】Based on 246 rice “3414” trials in different ecological regions of Chongqing, including no fertilizer treatment (N0P0K0), nitrogen free treatment (N0P2K2), phosphate free treatment (N2P0K2), without potassium (N2P2K0) and total fertilizer treatment (N2P2K2), the rice yield and its grain and straw NPK content were investigated, and then rice nutrient uptake, soil available nutrient use efficiency and dependency ratio, fertilizer recovery, and agronomic efficiency were calculated. The effects of soil inherent productivity on nutrient absorption efficiency of rice were evaluated by means of index and linear fitting, soil inherent productivity and yield classification methods.【Result】The soil inherent productivity yield of paddy was 5.40-6.45t ·hm^-2 in different ecological areas of Chongqing, and the sample size of low and medium low (<4 t·hm^-2 and 4-5 t·hm^-2) was 63, accounting for 25.6% of the total sample size. With the improvement of paddy soil inherent productivity grade, nutrient uptake of rice was increased, and the organic matter and available nitrogen contents were relatively higher in the high soil inherent productivity grade paddy. Low pH might be a limiting factor for low base level rice fields (<4 t·hm^-2). The increasing rate of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizer in Chongqing was 18.5%, 5.2%, and 3.9%, respectively. Under the same level of fertilization, the recovery rate of NPK fertilizer was decreased by 6.9%, 4.5% and 3.1%, respectively, with the improvement of basic soil level. There was a positive correlation between inherent soil productivity and the use efficiency of soil available nitrogen and soil nutrient dependency rate, proving that higher inherent soil productivity could increase rice nutrient uptake and improve soil nutrient uptake efficiency. But the inherent soil productivity was negatively correlated with the apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and agronomic efficiency of fertilizer, which showed that high inherent soil productivity would reduce the utilization efficiency of fertilizer. There was a weak correlation between soil fertility and available P, K as well as the apparent utilization of them. However, the inherent soil productivity was significantly correlated with the corresponding nitrogen index, proving the reflective ability of inherent soil productivity on nitrogen was stronger than that on P and K.【Conclusion】High soil inherent productivity can improve rice yield and soil nutrient uptake, but reducing the utilization efficiency of fertilizer nutrient. Under the condition of high soil inherent productivity, fertilization has limited effect on rice yield increase and soil productivity improvement, so the input of fertilizer should be limited.

Key words: inherent soil productivity, nutrient absorption efficiency, “3414&rdquo, trial, rice, Chongqing

LIANG Tao, LIAO DunXiu, CHEN XinPing, WANG Shuai, FU DengWei, CHEN XuanJing, SHI XiaoJun. Effect of Paddy Inherent Soil Productivity on Nutrient Utilization Efficiency of Rice in Chongqing[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(16): 3106-3116.

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Effect of Paddy Inherent Soil Productivity on Nutrient Utilization Efficiency of Rice in Chongqing

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