苦荞产区种质资源遗传多样性和遗传结构分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.11.002

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study was to understand the genetic diversity and population structure of tartary buckwheat resources from different production regions and to provide theoretical foundation of functional gene and resources use. 【Method】 Eight phenotypic traits were evaluated by correlation and principal component analyses. Plants were cultivated in the greenhouse, and 10 fresh leaves were selected in the three leaf stage. DNA of tartary buckwheat was extracted using the CTAB method, and then they were amplified based on the SSR marker, detected by the electrophoresis, and took photos and saved. 0, 1 matrix was structured based on the detection of SSR, and eighty-three materials were used to analyze genetic diversity and genetic structure by PowerMarker3.25 and Structure2.3.4 software. 【Result】 Distribution of the eight phenotypic traits were scattered with most apparently interrelated. The cumulative contribution rate of four principal components formerly reached up to 85.2%, which may show the relative relationships of the plant traits. The variation coefficient and genetic diversity of plant height and main stem diameter contributed the most to this metrics between all plant traits. Among the distinct geographical regions, the mean H′ (1.82) of Tibet population was the richest, and in Sichuan population was the second with a mean H′ of 1.78, just slightly lower. Genetic diversity of plant traits from the distinct regions showed that the H′ of growth stage, plant height, and main stem branch number in Sichuan population were the highest, while the H′ of leaf width was the richest trait in the Shaanxi population, andof 1000-seeds weight H′ in Yunnan population was the richest trait for plants of that region. Principal component analysis of 7 different geographical populations showed plant traits of similar production regions may have a close relation. Genetic diversity of 83 individuals of tartary buckwheat germplasm resources was detected by 13 pairs of SSR primes. A total of 208 loci were detected, among which 200 (96.2%) were polymorphous. The number of amplified fragments and polymorphous fragments per primer combination were 16 and 15.4; the number of alleles varied from 4 to 58, and the frequencies of major alleles varied from 0.02 to 0.86; gene diversity was between 0.38 and 0.98, and polymorphic information index was 0.35-0.98. Genetic diversity of different production regions showed that genetic structure of the northerly populations showed close relationship, and genetic structure of southwesterly population was also so, which showed the relationship between population cluster and production regions. The number of alleles (12.1), genetic diversity index (0.84), and polymorphic information content (0.83) in Shaanxi were the highest among the regions. All resources were divided into three clusters based on modules by genetic structure analysis, and cluster analysis based on genetic distance showed dispersive resources and no regionalization. Genetic distances were close from plant materials of the same production regions among different resources. 【Conclusion】 Polymorphic information contents of tartary buckwheat from main production regions were high, and the genetic diversity among them was rich. Resource interflow and genetic material exchange were observed in northerly and southwesterly production regions.

Key words: tartary buckwheat, genetic diversity, genetic structure, principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis, clustering analysis

QU Yang, ZHOU Yu, WANG Zhao, WANG Peng-ke, GAO Jin-feng, GAO Xiao-li, FENG Bai-li . Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Structure of Tartary Buckwheat Resources from Production Regions[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(11): 2049-2062.

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