精准灌溉施肥对日光温室土壤性状及黄瓜产量品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.22.011

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Irrigation and fertilization are key techniques for protecting cultivated vegetables. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different fertigation methods on soil properties and cucumber growth in a solar greenhouse，and to provide theoretical guidance for efficient fertigation, as well as the control of secondary soil salinization.【Method】Cucumber variety ‘Xinjin 11’ was used as the experimental material, and six treatments were arranged, including traditional border irrigation along with regular top dressing (CK1), conventional drip irrigation along with regular top dressing (CK2), daily fertigation of 1/4 dose Yamazaki special formula without microelement nutrients (T1), daily fertigation of 1/4 dose Yamazaki special formula with microelement nutrients (T2), daily fertigation of 2/4 dose Yamazaki special formula with microelement nutrients (T3), daily fertigation of 3/4 dose Yamazaki special formula with microelement nutrients (T4). The effects of daily fertigation with a nutrient solution on physical-chemical and biological properties of soil and yield and quality of cucumber fruits were investigated.【Result】Compared with traditional border irrigation along with a regular top dressing and a conventional drip irrigation along with regular fertigation, daily quantitative fertigation with a nutrient solution decreased soil bulk density, increased soil porosity, and reduced soil EC value. The amount of fungi in soil dropped, while those of bacteria and actinomyces rose significantly, the activities of Urease, Invertase and Catalase in the soil were considerably enhanced, and the growth of cucumber plants was promoted. Daily fertigation with 1/4 unit of the Yamazaki special formula plus trace elements led to the largest fruit number and highest yield of cucumber, when compared to traditional border irrigation and conventional drip irrigation. Daily fertigation with a nutrient solution partially improved the quality of cucumber fruits. Water and fertilizer saving rate reached more than 30% and 70%, respectively. 【Conclusion】Daily quantitative fertigation with 1/4 unit of the Yamazaki special formula plus trace elements could be recommended as a new fertilization management mode for soil cultivated cucumber in a solar greenhouse.

Key words: cucumber, solar greenhouse, fertilization, irrigation, soil property, yield, fruit quality

GU Li-li, WEI Min, HOU Jia-lin, YANG Feng-juan, SHI Qing-hua, WANG Xiu-feng. Effects of Precise Fertigation on Soil Properties and Fruit Yield and Quality of Cucumber Grown in Solar Greenhouse[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(22): 4507-4516.

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