Abstract: 【Objective】Detection and dietary exposure assessment of selenium content of 6 main deciduous fruits from China (including apple, pear, peach, grape, jujube, and kiwifruit) will provide reference for production and consumption of these fruits in China. 【Method】 A total of 760 samples of above 6 fruits were collected from the main fruits producing areas, including Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shaanxi, and Xinjiang. Selenium in samples was detected by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Risk of selenium daily intake of Chinese adults and lactating women from these fruits (including mean intake, maximum intake, median intake, and minimum intake) were assessed by upper tolerable limit (UTL), upper intake limit (UIL), and adequate intake (AI), respectively. 【Result】Selenium content of 760 samples were 0 (not detected)-38.0 μg·kg^-1with an average of 4.3 μg·kg^-1. 78.2% samples contained selenium below 5 μg·kg^-1, and 14.2% samples were selenium-rich with selenium over 10 μg·kg^-1. There were differences in selenium content among samples, and the variance coefficient of selenium content was up to 80.0% (jujube), 110.0% (grape), 116.8% (pear), 125.7% (kiwifruit), 126.0% (apple), 148.2% (peach), and 136.5% (total). The mean selenium contents in different fruits were in the order of jujube (7.3 μg·kg^-1)＞grape (6.4 μg·kg^-1)＞peach (5.5 μg·kg^-1)＞kiwifruit (5.3 μg·kg^-1)＞pear (4.7 μg·kg^-1)＞apple (1.3 μg·kg^-1). Mean selenium content of pear and that of peach from Shaanxi, as well as that of grape from Shaanxi and Xinjiang, were significantly higher (at 5%) than that of the same fruits from the other provinces. Mean selenium daily intake of Chinese from the above 6 fruits were 0.032 μg·d^-1 (kiwifruit), 0.120 μg·d^-1 (apple), 0.183 μg·d^-1 (grape), 0.197 μg·d^-1 (jujube), 0.213 μg·d^-1 (peach), 0.222 μg·d^-1 (pear), and 0.968 μg·d^-1 (total), respectively. Risk assessment results showed that selenium daily intake of Chinese from the above 6 fruits were safe, and the risk indexes were all under 100% with the range of 0.001%-99.702% (adults) and 0.001%-31.847% (lactating women). 【Conclusion】Generally, both the levels of selenium and the ratio of selenium-rich production of the above 6 fruits were low. Mean selenium content of jujube and that of apple was the highest and the lowest, respectively, while there was no significant difference between the other 4 fruits. There was a significant difference in fruit selenium content among some provinces. For Chinese, the selenium intake risk from the above 6 fruits to lactating women was lower than those to adults. In short, selenium daily intakes of Chinese from the above 6 fruits were safe with no negative effects on their health. And selenium-rich fruit production is one of the effective ways to increase Chinese dietary intake of selenium.

Key words: fruit, selenium, content, dietary exposure, assessment