Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1128-1139.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.06.009

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Irrigation Water Requirement Based on Soil Conditions in a Typical Irrigation District in a Marginal Oasis

 SU  Yong-Zhong-1, YANG  Rong, LIU  Wen-Jie, YANG  Xiao, WANG  Min   

  1. Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology in Inland River Basin, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000
  • Received:2013-09-29 Online:2014-03-15 Published:2014-01-26

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Abstract: 【Objective】Soil property is a key factor for influencing crop irrigation water productivity (IWP) and irrigation water requirement. In accordance with the quantitative relationships between soil properties and crop IWP and irrigation water requirement, as well as the regional spatial distribution of soil properties, crop IWP, irrigation water requirement and their spatial distributions in a typical oasis irrigation district were determined. The aim of the study is to provide a scientific basis for accurately estimating regional irrigation water requirement and determining rational irrigation water allocation.【Methods】In this study, the Pingchuan irrigation district located in the Linze marginal oasis was selected as the study area. Based on soil sampling and analysis of 118 sites in the study area, and maize irrigation experiment under different soil texture and fertility levels, the spatial distribution characteristics in soil properties and the relationships between maize IWP and soil properties were determined. 【Result】 The results indicated that soil sand content in the 0-20 cm plough layer ranged from 29.4% to 91.9% ,with an average of 53.6%. Soil organic matter concentration varied from 1.37 to 17.7 g•kg-1,with a mean value of 10.9 g•kg-1. The mean sand content in the 20-100 cm depth was 51.3%. The farmlands with sand and loamy sand soils occupied above 50% of the total area of the farmlands. The farmlands that soil organic matter concentration was 10.0 g•kg-1 below occupied 26% of the total area. Soil water-holding capacity was poor and soil properties showed a high spatial variability. The field irrigation experiment showed that maize IWP ranged from 1.11 kg•m-3 (sandy soils) to 2.44 kg•m-3 (loam soils), on average. There was a significant correlation between IWP and silt clay content in the 0-20cm (CS1, %) and 20-100 cm (CS2, %) layers, and SOM concentration (OM, g•kg-1) in the 0-20 cm layer. Based on the spatial distribution in soil properties and the relationships between soil properties and IWP, the IWPs in the farmlands of the Pingchuan irrigation district were calculated and ranged from 0.75 to 3.92 kg•m-3, with a mean value of (2.36±0.77) kg•m-3. The farmlands that the IWP was 2.0 kg•m-3 below had 970 ha and occupied 18.5% of the total area. The averaged irrigation water requirement was 558 mm during the maize growing period and the total amount of irrigation water requirement was 28.4×106 m3 in the Pingchuan irrigation district. 【Conclusion】Soil conditions determine crop irrigation water requirement and IWP. In agricultural water management at the irrigation district scale, reasonable irrigation water allocation should be based on patchy unit of different soil properties. Some effective tillage, fertilization, and irrigation measurements that can improve soil structure and fertility should be addressed to improve sustainable water productivity.

Key words: soil properties , maize , irrigation water productivity , irrigation water requirement , spatial distribution , Pingchuan irrigation district

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