Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 644-654.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.04.004

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Morphological and Physiological Traits of Leaf in Different Drought Resistant Peanut Cultivars

 LI  Guang-Hui, ZHANG  Kun, LIU  Feng-Zhen, LIU  Dan-Dan, WAN  Yong-Shan   

  1. College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University/National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, Shandong
  • Received:2013-08-22 Online:2014-02-15 Published:2013-11-20

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Abstract: 【Objective】The main purpose of this paper was to screen leaf traits related to drought resistance, explore the methods of traits index evaluation, and to reveal drought resistance mechanisms of different peanut cultivars. 【Method】 The drought resistance was studied in twelve peanut cultivars under drought stress and normal irrigation in a pot experiment at seedling stage and a pool culture experiment at pod setting stage. Keeping the water treatments by using weighing at seedling stage and supplemental irrigation based on testing soil moisture at pod setting stage with rain-shedding during drought stress. Leaf morphological and physiological traits including organization structure, thickness, specific leaf weight (SLW), leaf area per plant (PLA), photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll content under the conditions of normal water supply and drought stress at seedling stage were tested, and the relationship between those traits and drought resistance was studied. Drought resistances of cultivars were scored with drought coefficient of biomass at seedling stage and yield at pod setting stage. Drought resistance mechanisms of leaf were evaluated by traits index. 【Result】 The results by two years experiments showed that, under drought stress, the drought resistance coefficients of different peanut cultivars were significantly different. Drought resistance at seedling and pod-setting stages was basically identical. According to yield-drought resistance coefficient, twelve peanut cultivars could be divided into 3 grads: high-resistance, including A596, Shanhua 11 and Rugaoxiyangsheng; mid-resistance, including Huayu 20, Nongda 818, Haihua 1, Shanhua 9 and 79266; weak-resistance, including ICG6848, Baisha1016, Hua17 and Penglaiyiwohou. Water stress changed organization structure in leaves, functional leaf area, PLA, Gs, Pn and Tr were reduced, but SLW of peanuts was increased under soil drought stress. A significant difference in leaf traits among peanut cultivars with different drought resistances was observed. Leaf thickness, ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue (PTT/STT), SLW, PLA and Pn were higher under both drought stress and normal irrigation in cultivars with high drought resistance. The drought resistance mechanism of twelve peanut cultivars was different, under drought stress, Rugaoxiyangsheng and Shanhua 11 presented as higher PTT/STT, SLW and Pn, Shanhua 9 and Huayu 20 had larger PLA, A596 was mainly higher in Pn. Correlation analysis between drought resistance coefficient and leaf PTT/STT, SLW, PLA and Pn under drought stress condition was significant. 【Conclusion】 Shanhua11 could be used as a standard variety for high drought resistance identification, and 79266 could be used as a standard variety for weak resistance identification. Treatment of 40% RWC drought stress at 10 d after germination, the leaf PTT/STT, SLW, PLA and Pn could be used to identify the drought resistance of peanuts leaf. PTT/STT, SLW and PLA also could be used to identify the drought resistance of peanuts leaf under normal water condition at anthesis stage. Shanhua 11 could be used as a suitable standard cultivar for leaf drought resistance traits identification in peanut.

Key words: peanut , drought stress , morphological traits , photosynthetic traits

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