Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (14): 3055-3064.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.14.022

• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Deep Vertically Rotary Tillage on Grain Filling and Yield of Spring Maize in North Huang-Huai-Hai Region

 LI  Yi-Bing-1, PANG  Huan-Cheng-1, LI  Hua-1, LI  Yu-Yi-1, YANG  Xue-1, DONG  Guo-Hao-2, GUO  Liang-Hai-2, WANG  Xiang-Jun-2   

  1. 1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
    2.Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dezhou 253015, Shandong
  • Received:2012-11-13 Online:2013-07-15 Published:2013-03-12

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Abstract: 【Objective】Annual rotary tillage often can create a compacted plough pan in shallow soil layers, and has become a key factor hampering high crop yield in some main grain producing areas of China. In this study, therefore, a brand-new deep soil tillage called deep vertically rotary tillage was implemented to test its effects on grain filling and spring maize yield in north Huang-Huai-Hai region. 【Method】Tillage treatments including deep vertically rotary tillage of 30 cm (F30), and 50 cm (F50), deep vertically rotary tillage of 30 cm with film mulching (F30M) and 50 cm with film mulching (F50M) were conducted. Meanwhile, rotary tillage (XG) and subsoiling (SS) were used as experimental control. 【Result】Results showed that compared with rotary tillage and subsoiling, water infiltration under deep vertically rotary tillage got more easily, soil water storage was increased, soil water supply was improved, thus ear kernel number and kernel moisture were increased. Although the treatments of deep vertically rotary tillage had no advantage during the first stage of grain filling called slight-increase period (t1), while both initial grain-filling potential (R0) and mean grain-filling rate were decreased with the increase of tillage depth. Mean grain-filling rate of fast-increase period (the second stage, t2) and slow-increase period (the last stage, t3), on the other hand, was improved with the increase of tillage depth, i.e., F50 (50cm)>SS (35cm) >F30 (30cm) >XG (15cm). Finally, 100-kernel weight and yield of F30 and F50 were significantly increased compared with the rotary tillage and subsoiling. Due to moisture preservation of plastic film, ear kernel number was significantly increased compared with the treatments of F30 and F50. Furthermore, the grain filling of F30M and F50M showed an obvious superiority over rotary tillage and subsoiling from the beginning of t1. R0 and mean grain-filling rate of t1 of F30M and F50M were improved with the increase of tillage depth. Plus longer grain-filling period, 100-kernel weight and yield of F30M and F50M increased significantly compared with F30 and F50. 【Conclusion】The results showed that deep vertically rotary tillage with film mulching can provide a new and effective way to break up the compacted plough pan, solve the shallow tillage layer problem and increase crop yield.

Key words: deep vertically rotary tillage , North Huang-Huai-Hai region , spring maize , grain filling

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