Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (22): 4527-4536.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.22.001

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Heterosis and Genetic Recombination Dissection of Maize Key Inbred Line Jing2416

ZHAO JiuRan,LI ChunHui,SONG Wei(),LIU XinXiang,WANG YuanDong,ZHANG RuYang,WANG JiDong,SUN Xuan,WANG XiaQing   

  1. Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100097
  • Received:2020-02-15 Accepted:2020-03-25 Online:2020-11-16 Published:2020-11-28
  • Contact: Wei SONG E-mail:songwei1007@126.com

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Abstract:

【Objective】Jing2416 is an elite maize Huangzaosi improved line (HIL), which was developed based on the basic population of (Jing24×5237) × Jing24 via employing multiple selection technologies, including high planting density, large population, strict selection and the pyramiding of elite lines from the same heterotic group. There are more than 20 registered varieties using Jing2416 as a male parent. Among them, the respective variety is Jingnongke728, which is one of the first varieties authorized by National Crop Variety Approval Committee in China and breaks through the technical bottleneck of huang-huai-hai summer maize mechanical grain harvesting. This study was to analyze the heterosis of Jing2416 crossed with the representative inbred lines from X group, and reveal the recombination events during the formation of Jing2416 and the identity-by-descent (IBD) segments transferred from Huangzaosi genome which can provide the genetic basis for the formation of Jing2416 and valuable guidance of the further genetic improvements of HILs. 【Method】Huangzaosi, Jing2416 and its two parents (Jing24 and 5237) were used as materials, and five representative lines from X group were used as tester lines, and their F1 hybridized combinations were obtained by NCII genetic mating design. We used the mid-parent heterosis, over-high parent heterosis and GCA (General combining ability) of kernel weight per ear to evaluate the heterosis of four HILs. The four HILs and five inbred lines from X group were sequenced with the average depth of 18×. We used BWA software to conduct the sequence alignments, and GATK software to identify the whole-genome variations. The PCA (principal component analysis) was calculated using GCTA software, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using Treebest software. IBDseq software was used to analyze the IBD regions. 【Result】We found that Jing2416 had higher over-high parent heterosis and GCA than the other three HILs (Huangzaosi, Jing24 and 5237) to compare the yield related traits in the F1 hybridized combinations which were obtained by crossing Huangzaosi, Jing2416, Jing24 and 5237 with the five lines from X group. We identified the recombination events during the formation of Jing2416 and revealed the components of Jing2416 genome. We found that there were 80.96% and 19.04% of the genome regions of Jing2416 from Jing24 and 5237, respectively. We identified the IBD regions from Huangzaosi to Jing2416 and found that Jing2416 genome polymerized all nine important HILs characteristic selected regions from its two parents Jing24 and 5237.【Conclusion】The elite line Jing2416 genome polymerized all nine important HILs characteristic selected regions from its parents Jing24 and 5237 by the chromosome recombination during its genetic improvement. This study revealed the genetic basis for higher combining ability of Jing2416, which crossed with the representative lines from X group.

Key words: maize, Jing2416, heterosis, genetic recombination, Huangzaosi improved lines

Table 1

Name and pedigree source of 9 inbred lines"

序号Code 自交系Inbred lines 系谱来源Pedigree
1 京2416 Jing2416 京24×5237 Jing24×5237
2 京24 Jing24 早熟302×黄野四 Zaoshu302×Huangyesi
3 5237 502×丹340 502×Dan340
4 黄早四 Huangzaosi 塘四平头选系 Selected from Tangsipingtou
5 京724 Jing724 X1132x选系 Selected from X1132x
6 京464 Jing464 X1132x选系 Selected from X1132x
7 DH382 X1132x选系 Selected from X1132x
8 京725 Jing725 X1132x选系 Selected from X1132x
9 京MC01 JingMC01 X1132x选系 Selected from X1132x

Table 2

Heterosis of F1 kernel weight per ear of combinations between 4 HILs and 5 X lines (%)"

杂种优势
Heterosis		 亲本
Parents		 DH382 京MC01
JingMC01		 京464
Jing464		 京724
Jing724		 京725
Jing725
中亲优势 Mid-parent heterosis
 京2416 Jing2416 99.35 89.27 103.30 87.31 90.78
京24 Jing24 94.06 89.51 80.88 76.55 84.20
5237 70.95 60.91 72.39 82.32 58.03
黄早四 Huangzaosi 113.93 100.77 106.84 82.11 70.86
超高亲优势 Over-high parent heterosis
 京2416 Jing2416 84.48 83.87 82.46 67.25 62.60
京24 Jing24 80.02 84.57 62.71 58.00 57.33
5237 63.37 60.11 59.59 67.90 38.65
黄早四 Huangzaosi 70.79 66.77 61.08 41.24 27.65

Table 3

RGCA of 4 HILs parents’ kernel weight per ear and RSCA of 20 combinations"

亲本 Parents RGCA (%) RSCA (%)
DH382 京MC01 JingMC01 京464 Jing464 京724 Jing724 京725 Jing725
京2416 Jing2416 7.50 -1.78 -2.43 2.47 -2.04 3.78
京24 Jing24 2.68 0.43 2.75 -5.02 -3.06 4.89
5237 -3.43 -3.15 -3.15 -0.85 9.29 -2.13
黄早四 Huangzaosi -6.75 4.50 2.83 3.40 -4.19 -6.54

Table 4

Resequencing of 9 maize inbred lines"

材料名称
Sample name		 读长数
Reads (M)		 碱基数量
Bases (Gb)		 读长比对率
Map reads (%)		 比对reads数量
Map reads		 测序深度
Depth		 覆盖度
Coverage (%)
京2416 Jing2416 237.49 35.07 90.45 212725920 15.90 88.93
京24 Jing24 230.52 33.89 89.65 204550192 15.36 88.90
5237 148.07 22.21 90.36 133672852 13.03 91.52
黄早四 Huangzaosi 296.63 37.08 91.03 293757182 16.81 97.24
DH382 155.61 22.73 88.87 136266112 11.04 88.80
京MC01 JingMC01 458.36 61.74 90.88 410270768 29.98 89.91
京724 Jing724 183.13 26.86 88.66 159907952 13.04 87.15
京725 Jing725 393.95 53.81 90.01 349216966 26.13 89.36
京464 Jing464 350.51 48.59 89.99 310638312 23.60 89.47
均值 Mean 281.80 38.72 92.32 257719899 18.32 90.14

Fig. 1

PCA analysis (A)and phylogenetic tree (B) of 9 inbred lines"

Fig. 2

The genetic background of Jing2416 and the two parents A: The pedigree of Jing2416; B: The recombination events of Jing2416 formation"

Fig. 3

The important genomic segments transferred in the process of Jing2416 formation The data of “IBD reserved proportion” in Fig. 3 was from the reference LI et al [13]"

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