油-稻-稻三熟制下双季稻高产品种特征研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.01.004

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of high-yield double rice cultivars by using high-yield rice cultivars with suitable growth period in triple cropping pattern of early rice-late rice-interplanting early-maturing rapeseed (rice-rice-rapeseed cropping system), which would provide grounds and references for breeding and cultivation of high-yield double rice cultivars.【Method】9 early rice cultivars and 10 late rice cultivars were employed in field experiments of rice-rice-rapeseed cropping system, and characteristics of high-yield double rice cultivars were studied by using cluster analysis and variance analysis methods.【Result】(1) There were no significant differences in panicle number, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight and growth period among the three yield types (high-yield (HY), middle-yield (MY) and low yield double rice cultivars (LY) ). However, the number of grains per spike, total spikelet volume, yield and daily yield of HY were significantly higher than that of LY. (2) There were no significant differences in increase rate of tillering, decrease rate of tillering and number of peak tiller between HY and LY, while the rate of effective ear of HY was significantly higher than that of LY. (3) For early rice, HY showed higher biomass in heading and biomass per stem in heading and maturity, followed by MY and LY, with no significant differences among them, yet the total biomass and biomass per stem of HY were significantly higher than that of LY. As for late rice, there were significant differences in total biomass and biomass per stem in heading and maturity between HY and LY. As to harvest index, there were no significant differences among the three yield types of both early and late rice. (4) HY showed higher leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area per stem in heading and maturity, as well as lower reduction rate of leaf area form heading to maturity, followed by MY and LY, with significant differences between HY and LY. And also, HY showed higher spikelet number per leaf area, followed by MY and LY, with significant differences between HY and LY of early rice.【Conclusion】In rice-rice-rapeseed cropping system, high-yield double rice cultivars were characterized by medium tillering ability, high earing rate, powerful abilities of dry matter per stem and high LAI as well as high leaf area per stem in mid and latter stages, large number of spikelets and high daily production. While some differences were existed between early rice and late rice. For early rice, it was about 105-110 d of growth duration, 75-78 kg·hm^-2·d^-1 of daily yield, 125-140 spikelets per panicle, and 26-28 g for 1000-grains. As for late rice, it was about 115 d of growth duration, 77-81 kg·hm^-2·d^-1 of daily yield, large number of the grains (140-160 spikelets per panicle), and 24-28 g for 1000-grains.

Key words: rice, rapeseed, triple cropping pattern, yield, cultivar characteristics

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Characteristics of High-Yield Double Rice Varieties in Rice-Rice-Rapeseed Cropping System

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