Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (19): 4007-4017.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.19.006

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of Root in Different Soil Layers on Plant Growth and Yield Formation After Anthesis in Summer Maize

 WANG  Fei-Fei-1, ZHANG  Shan-Ping-1, SHAO  Li-Jie-1, LI  Geng-1, CHEN  Xiao-Lu-1, LIU  Peng-1, ZHAO  Bing-Qiang-2, DONG  Shu-Ting-1, ZHANG  Ji-Wang-1, ZHAO  Bin-1   

  1. 1.Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian 271018, Shandong
    2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2013-03-01 Online:2013-10-01 Published:2013-05-15

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Abstract: 【Objective】This study was conducted to evaluate the regulating effects of roots in different soil layers on plant growth after anthesis and yield formation in summer maize，aimed to provide theoretical supports for building high efficient root systems of maize and then increase grain yield of maize.【Method】Two high yield summer maize varieties, Zhengdan 958 (ZD) and Denghai 661 (DH), were used as experimental materials, and they were planted in soil columns. Three treatments (without cutting the roots, CK; cutting maize roots at 40 cm below the surface at anthesis, T-40; cutting roots at 80 cm below the surface at anthesis) were designed to evaluate the regulating effects of summer maize roots in different soil layers on shoot growth and yield formation.【Result】 The regulation of upper roots (0-40 cm) to nitrogen uptake and translocation was most significantly. While losing function of deep roots (below 40 cm) reduced nitrogen absorption capacity, and accelerated the transportation from nutritive organs to grain kernels. Deep roots below 40 cm had significant effects on leaves staying green and photosynthetic performance. Cutting deeper roots at anthesis significantly decreased green leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, activity of SOD and Pn, and increased the content of MDA, shortened the duration of high photosynthesis and reduced biomass of plant and grain yield significantly. Intermediate roots (40-80 cm) had notable influence on grain numbers of per ear and grain weight; however, deeper roots had more significant effects on grain weight than grain numbers per ear.【Conclusion】Cutting upper roots (0-40 cm) reduced maize yield significantly. Intermediate roots had significant influences on grain numbers per ear and grain weight; deeper roots had significant effects on grain weight than grain numbers per ear. In high-yielding cultivation, keeping deep root actively can delay leaf senescence, enhance photosynthetic performance and absorption of nitrogen, and increase grain yield.

Key words: summer maize, root, photosynthesis, nitrogen uptake and translocation, yield

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