黑龙江省春玉米产量潜力及产量差的时空分布特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.10.004

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objectiveb of this study is to figure out the spatial-temporal characteristics of potential yield and yield gaps between different levels, and to explicit the constraints of spring maize production in the study region. 【Method】 The well-calibrated and validated Agricultural Production Systems Simulator Model (APSIM) on a region scale was used to assess spring maize potential yields at different levels, and spatial-temporal characteristics of potential yield and yield gaps between different levels in Heilongjiang province from 1981-2010, based on the weather, phenology, management practices and soil data.【Result】In the study area, the spatial distribution of maize potential yield was similar to sunshine hours in maize growing season, which was higher in west than in east. The potential yield of maize showed an inconsistent trend during the past 30 years. The distribution of rain-fed yield was similar to the precipitation during maize growing season, and showed a positive association with precipitation. The rain-fed yield was in the order of central＞east＞west. The rain-fed yield was lower and unstable in the region with lower precipitation. The rain-fed yield in 82% of the selected stations showed a decreasing trend during the past 30 years. Instability of rain-fed yield was higher than potential yield. Qiqihaer and Suihua city showed lower values of climate-soil productivity. In the past 30 years, the yield gap caused by precipitation showed an increasing tendency, indicating the aggravated risk of drought. 【Conclusion】 The precipitation is the key constraints factor on yield in the West of Heilongjiang province, and yield could be increased by irrigation, however precipitation is not the limiting factors on yield in Yichun, Tonghe and Mudanjiang, and yield could be increased by improving soil conditions, optimizing management practices. Yield can be increased by 16%-22% through improving the physical properties of soil under the rain-fed condition in Sanjiang Plain of the eastern Heilongjiang province.

Key words: Heilongjiang province, spring maize, potential yield, yield gap, spatial-temporal characteristics

WANG Jing, YANG Xiao-Guang, 吕Shuo , LIU Zhi-Juan, LI Ke-南, XUN Xin, LIU Yuan, WANG 恩Li. Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Potential Yields and Yield Gaps of Spring Maize in Heilongjiang Province[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(10): 1914-1925.

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Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Potential Yields and Yield Gaps of Spring Maize in Heilongjiang Province

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