贵州大树茶形态学特征及生化成分综合分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.19.013

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to elucidate the morphological and biochemical characteristics of Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms in different regions, so as to provide the scientific basis for the conservation, development and utilization of Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms.【Method】In this study, 121 Dashu tea germplasms from seven counties in Guizhou were selected as materials to determine their morphological and biochemical traits. Multivariate statistical methods, including correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis were applied to comprehensively evaluate the genetic diversity of Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms. 【Result】The genetic diversity of biochemical traits was higher than morphological traits in Guizhou Dashu tea. The coefficient of variation (CV) for the 7 morphological traits ranged from 11.30% (length-width ratio) to 145.61% (ovary pubescence), with a mean CV of 41.12%. The index of genetic diversity (H') for them ranged from 0.47 (axillary pubescence) to 2.07 (length- width ratio), with an average value of 1.43. The CV of the 14 biochemical traits ranged from 23.15% (total catechins) to 99.54% (gallic acid), with an average value of 54.71%, and the H' ranged from 1.36 (epicatechin, EC) to 2.07 (total catechins), with a mean of 1.89. Most Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms were characterized by hairy axillary buds, glabrous ovaries, large or middle leaves, and long elliptical or elliptical leaf shape. The biochemical content of Guizhou Dashu tea from different regions were distributed uniform relatively, and 8 biochemical traits, including caffeine, theophylline, catechin (C), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), total alkaloids, non-galloylated catechins, galloylated catechins and total catechins, showed a gentle and symmetrical normal distribution trend. Most of the morphological and biochemical traits of Guizhou Dashu tea were significant (P<0.05) or extremely significant (P<0.01) correlated with geographical location and climate factors. With the increase of altitude and latitude and the decrease of annual average temperature, the leaf of Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms were wider and rounder, and the content of purine alkaloids, such as caffeine, theobromine and theophylline, were higher. Based on orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA), 10 key traits, including total catechins, gallic acid, total alkaloids, gallated catechins, EC, caffeine, epigallocatechin gallate (ECG), EGCG, theobromine and axillary pubescence, with VIP >1 were screened out which could be used to distinguish Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms in different counties. Cluster analysis based on 10 biochemical components showed that the 121 Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms could be divided into 4 categories. There were 20 Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms in Group I, all from Huishui, had extremely significant higher content of EC and ECG than those in other three categories. 16 Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms in Group Ⅱ and the content of ECG was significant lower than that in other three categories. 9 Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms in Group Ⅲ, most of them came from Huishui, and the content of epicatechin-3-gallate (EGC) was significantly higher than that in other three categories. 76 Dashu tea germplasms in Group Ⅳ, mainly from Xishui, Tongzi, Daozhen and Wuchuan, and the content of caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, EGCG, C, and gallocatechin-3-gallate (GCG) were significant or extremely significant higher than those in other three categories. PCA was carried out with 14 biochemical traits, and a total of 3 principal components (PC1, PC2, and PC3) were extracted, with a cumulative contribution of 80.94%. The determinants of biochemical factors EGCG, total alkaloids and ester catechins in the PC1 were the key to evaluate the biochemical qualities of Guizhou Dashu tea.【Conclusion】Guizhou Dashu tea germplasms had abundant genetic diversity in morphological and biochemical traits. There were significant differences in morphological and biochemical characteristics between Dashu tea germplasms from Huishui, which located in southern Guizhou and those from other 6 counties, which located in northern Guizhou. Among them, GT-XS-08, GT-TZ-11, GT-DZ-06, GT-DZ-13, and GT-TZ-03 were Dashu tea germplasms with both superior biochemical quality and excellent biochemical content, which could be used as high potential breeding materials to select new tea varieties.

Key words: Guizhou, tea, Dashu tea, genetic diversity, principal component analysis, cluster analysis

YANG Chun, YANG DaiXing, LI Yan, LIANG SiHui, DENG XiaoQiang, QIAO DaHe, CHEN Juan, GUO Yan, LIN KaiQin, CHEN ZhengWu. Comprehensive Analysis of Morphologic Characters and Biochemical Components of Guizhou Dashu Tea Germplasms[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(19): 3894-3916.

Figures/Tables 14

Table 1

Sampling information of 121 Dashu tea germplasms"

样品序号 No.	样品名称 Name	取样地点 Sampling location	数量 Number	地理信息Geographic information			气候指标Meteorological factor
样品序号 No.	样品名称 Name	取样地点 Sampling location	数量 Number	海拔 Altitude (m)	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	MAT (℃)	TMAX (℃	TMIN (℃)	AP (mm)
1-17	GT-TZ-01、GT-TZ-02、GT-TZ-03、GT-TZ-04、GT-TZ-05、GT-TZ-06、GT-TZ-07、GT-TZ-08、GT-TZ-09、GT-TZ-10、GT-TZ-11、GT-TZ-12、GT-TZ-13、GT-TZ-14、GT-TZ-15、GT-TZ-16、GT-TZ-17	桐梓 Tongzi	17	1177-1259	28°29′57.22″ -28°30′32.73″	106°45′50.00″ -106°46′15.47″	14.6	37.5	-7.0	1039
18-28	GT-JS-01、GT-JS-02、GT-JS-03、GT-JS-04、GT-JS-05、GT-JS-06、GT-JS-07、GT-JS-08、GT-JS-09、GT-JS-10、GT-JS-11	金沙 Jinsha	11	926-1029	27°20′29.44″ -27°40′59.33″	105°37′33.37″ -106°37′36.36″	15.1	38.4	-6.8	1057
29-41	GT-DZ-01、GT-DZ-02、GT-DZ-03、GT-DZ-04、GT-DZ-05、GT-DZ-06、GT-DZ-07、GT-DZ-08、GT-DZ-09、GT-DZ-10、GT-DZ-11、GT-DZ-12、GT-DZ-13	道真 Daozhen	13	1498-1558	29°9′9.40″ -29°9′18.83″	107°40′16.49″ -107°40′27.57″	15.7	39.1	-7.2	1049
42-68	GT-HS-01、GT-HS-02、GT-HS-03、GT-HS-04、GT-HS-05、GT-HS-06、GT-HS-07、GT-HS-08、GT-HS-09、GT-HS-10、GT-HS-11、GT-HS-12、GT-HS-13、GT-HS-14、GT-HS-15、GT-HS-16、GT-HS-17、GT-HS-18、GT-HS-19、GT-HS-20、GT-HS-21、GT-HS-22、GT-HS-23、GT-HS-24、GT-HS-25、GT-HS-26、GT-HS-27	惠水 Huishui	27	1166-1260	25°50′26.10″ -25°53′22.41″	106°38′22.47″ -106°42′41.79″	15.7	35.0	-7.3	1200
68-102	GT-XS-01、GT-XS-02、GT-XS-03、GT-XS-04、GT-XS-05、GT-XS-06、GT-XS-07、GT-XS-08、GT-XS-09、GT-XS-10、GT-XS-11、GT-XS-12、GT-XS-13、GT-XS-14、GT-XS-15、GT-XS-16、GT-XS-17、GT-XS-18、GT-XS-19、GT-XS-20、GT-XS-21、GT-XS-22、GT-XS-23、GT-XS-24、GT-XS-25、GT-XS-26、GT-XS-27、GT-XS-28、GT-XS-29、GT-XS-30、GT-XS-31、GT-XS-32、GT-XS-33、GT-XS-34	习水 Xishui	34	961-1623	28°23′28.49″ -28°29′5.75″	106°8′2.53″ -106°40′15.62″	13.6	36.0	-6.4	1420
103-107	GT-RH-01、GT-RH-02、GT-RH-03、GT-RH-04、GT-RH-05	仁怀 Renhuai	5	614-724	27°42′14.75″ -28°6′35.26″	106°1′55.30″ -106°18′42.65″	16.3	37.4	-5.5	1174
108-121	GT-WC-01、GT-WC-02、GT-WC-03、GT-WC-04、GT-WC-05、GT-WC-06、GT-WC-07、GT-WC-08、GT-WC-09、GT-WC-10、GT-WC-11、GT-WC-12、GT-WC-13、GT-WC-14	务川 Wuchuan	14	960-1199	28°39′12.30″ -28°39′56.20″	107°48′57.57″ -107°50′14.40″	15.6	39.5	-6.5	1184

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Distribution analysis of morphological traits about 121 Dashu tea germplasms"

形态学特征 Morphological traits	性状描述 Description	数量 Number	分布频率 Distribution frequency (%)	样品名称 Name
腋芽茸毛 Axillary pubescence	有毛 Hairy	98	80.99	GT-DZ-01、GT-DZ-02、GT-DZ-03、GT-DZ-04、GT-DZ-05、GT-DZ-06、GT-DZ-07、GT-DZ-08、GT-DZ-09、GT-DZ-10、GT-DZ-11、GT-DZ-12、GT-DZ-13、GT-HS-05、GT-HS-07、GT-HS-11、GT-HS-12、GT-HS-23、GT-JS-02、GT-JS-03、GT-JS-04、GT-JS-05、GT-JS-06、GT-JS-07、GT-JS-08、GT-JS-09、GT-JS-10、GT-JS-11、GT-RH-01、GT-RH-02、GT-RH-03、GT-RH-04、GT-RH-05、GT-TZ-01、GT-TZ-02、GT-TZ-03、GT-TZ-04、GT-TZ-05、GT-TZ-06、GT-TZ-07、GT-TZ-08、GT-TZ-09、GT-TZ-10、GT-TZ-11、GT-TZ-12、GT-TZ-13、GT-TZ-14、GT-TZ-15、GT-TZ-16、GT-TZ-17、GT-WC-01、GT-WC-02、GT-WC-03、GT-WC-04、GT-WC-05、GT-WC-06、GT-WC-07、GT-WC-08、GT-WC-09、GT-WC-10、GT-WC-11、GT-WC-12、GT-WC-13、GT-WC-14、GT-XS-01、GT-XS-02、GT-XS-03、GT-XS-04、GT-XS-05、GT-XS-06、GT-XS-07、GT-XS-08、GT-XS-09、GT-XS-10、GT-XS-11、GT-XS-12、GT-XS-13、GT-XS-14、GT-XS-15、GT-XS-16、GT-XS-17、GT-XS-18、GT-XS-19、GT-XS-20、GT-XS-21、GT-XS-22、GT-XS-23、GT-XS-24、GT-XS-25、GT-XS-26、GT-XS-27、GT-XS-28、GT-XS-29、GT-XS-30、GT-XS-31、GT-XS-32、GT-XS-33、GT-XS-34
腋芽茸毛 Axillary pubescence	无毛 Glabrous	23	19.01	GT-HS-01、GT-HS-02、GT-HS-03、GT-HS-04、GT-HS-06、GT-HS-08、GT-HS-09、GT-HS-10、GT-HS-13、GT-HS-14、GT-HS-15、GT-HS-16、GT-HS-17、GT-HS-18、GT-HS-19、GT-HS-20、GT-HS-21、GT-HS-22、GT-HS-24、GT-HS-25、GT-HS-26、GT-HS-27、GT-JS-01
子房茸毛 Ovary pubescence	有毛 Hairy	39	32.23	GT-DZ-02、GT-DZ-03、GT-DZ-04、GT-DZ-05、GT-DZ-06、GT-DZ-07、GT-DZ-09、GT-DZ-10、GT-DZ-11、GT-DZ-12、GT-DZ-13、GT-HS-05、GT-HS-07、GT-HS-11、GT-HS-12、GT-HS-23、GT-JS-02、GT-JS-03、GT-JS-04、GT-JS-05、GT-JS-07、GT-JS-08、GT-JS-09、GT-JS-10、GT-JS-11、GT-RH-01、GT-RH-02、GT-RH-03、GT-RH-04、GT-RH-05、GT-TZ-03、GT-WC-01、GT-WC-07、GT-WC-08、GT-WC-09、GT-WC-12、GT-WC-13、GT-XS-04、GT-XS-08
子房茸毛 Ovary pubescence	无毛 Glabrous	82	67.77	GT-HS-01、GT-HS-02、GT-HS-03、GT-HS-04、GT-HS-06、GT-HS-08、GT-HS-09、GT-HS-10、GT-HS-13、GT-HS-14、GT-HS-15、GT-HS-16、GT-HS-17、GT-HS-18、GT-HS-19、GT-HS-20、GT-HS-21、GT-HS-22、GT-HS-24、GT-HS-25、GT-HS-26、GT-HS-27、GT-JS-01、GT-DZ-01、GT-DZ-08、GT-JS-06、GT-TZ-01、GT-TZ-02、GT-TZ-04、GT-TZ-05、GT-TZ-06、GT-TZ-07、GT-TZ-08、GT-TZ-09、GT-TZ-10、GT-TZ-11、GT-TZ-12、GT-TZ-13、GT-TZ-14、GT-TZ-15、GT-TZ-16、GT-TZ-17、GT-WC-02、GT-WC-03、GT-WC-04、GT-WC-05、GT-WC-06、GT-WC-10、GT-WC-11、GT-WC-14、GT-XS-01、GT-XS-02、GT-XS-03、GT-XS-05、GT-XS-06、GT-XS-07、GT-XS-09、GT-XS-10、GT-XS-11、GT-XS-12、GT-XS-13、GT-XS-14、GT-XS-15、GT-XS-16、GT-XS-17、GT-XS-18、GT-XS-19、GT-XS-20、GT-XS-21、GT-XS-22、GT-XS-23、GT-XS-24、GT-XS-25、GT-XS-26、GT-XS-27、GT-XS-28、GT-XS-29、GT-XS-30、GT-XS-31、GT-XS-32、GT-XS-33、GT-XS-34
子房室数 Ovary locule number	3	67	55.37	GT-HS-22、GT-JS-01、GT-DZ-01、GT-JS-06、GT-TZ-02、GT-TZ-05、GT-TZ-06、GT-TZ-08、GT-TZ-09、GT-TZ-11、GT-TZ-12、GT-TZ-13、GT-TZ-15、GT-TZ-16、GT-WC-02、GT-WC-03、GT-WC-04、GT-WC-05、GT-WC-06、GT-WC-11、GT-WC-14、GT-XS-01、GT-XS-03、GT-XS-06、GT-XS-07、GT-XS-10、GT-XS-12、GT-XS-13、GT-XS-14、GT-XS-17、GT-XS-18、GT-XS-19、GT-XS-20、GT-XS-22、GT-XS-28、GT-XS-30、GT-XS-31、GT-XS-32、GT-DZ-02、GT-DZ-03、GT-DZ-04、GT-DZ-05、GT-DZ-07、GT-DZ-12、GT-DZ-13、GT-HS-05、GT-HS-23、GT-JS-02、GT-JS-03、GT-JS-04、GT-JS-05、GT-JS-08、GT-JS-09、GT-JS-10、GT-JS-11、GT-RH-01、GT-RH-03、GT-RH-04、GT-RH-05、GT-TZ-03、GT-WC-01、GT-WC-07、GT-WC-08、GT-WC-09、GT-WC-12、GT-XS-04、GT-XS-08
	4	1	0.83	GT-HS-21
	5	7	5.79	GT-HS-01、GT-HS-02、GT-HS-08、GT-HS-09、GT-HS-10、GT-HS-14、GT-HS-15
	3-4	27	22.31	GT-HS-06、GT-HS-19、GT-HS-27、GT-DZ-08、GT-TZ-01、GT-TZ-04、GT-TZ-07、GT-TZ-14、GT-TZ-17、GT-WC-10、GT-WC-13、GT-XS-09、GT-XS-11、GT-XS-15、GT-XS-21、GT-XS-26、GT-XS-27、GT-XS-33、GT-XS-34、GT-DZ-09、GT-DZ-10、GT-DZ-11、GT-HS-11、GT-HS-12、GT-JS-07、GT-RH-02
	3-5	8	6.61	GT-TZ-10、GT-XS-02、GT-XS-16、GT-XS-24、GT-XS-25、GT-XS-29、GT-DZ-06、GT-XS-23
	4-5	9	7.44	GT-HS-03、GT-HS-04、GT-HS-13、GT-HS-16、GT-HS-17、GT-HS-20、GT-HS-25、GT-HS-26、GT-HS-07
	3-6	1	0.83	GT-HS-18
	4-6	1	0.83	GT-HS-24
叶形 Leaf shape	披针形 Lanceolate	5	4.13	GT-HS-10、GT-HS-05、GT-HS-01、GT-XS-04、GT-WC-03
	长椭圆形 Long elliptical	54	44.63	GT-XS-24、GT-WC-04、GT-XS-12、GT-XS-22、GT-HS-07、GT-XS-26、GT-JS-01、GT-WC-06、GT-TZ-06、GT-DZ-01、GT-WC-13、GT-DZ-12、GT-RH-04、GT-HS-19、GT-WC-05、GT-DZ-05、GT-XS-33、GT-XS-09、GT-XS-21、GT-XS-06、GT-WC-07、GT-XS-19、GT-XS-28、GT-HS-17、GT-WC-10、GT-HS-08、GT-WC-12、GT-HS-03、GT-HS-26、GT-HS-14、GT-XS-17、GT-HS-21、GT-RH-05、GT-WC-02、GT-WC-09、GT-HS-22、GT-HS-27、GT-HS-13、GT-WC-01、GT-JS-08 、GT-JS-05、GT-HS-02、GT-WC-14、GT-XS-10、GT-HS-25、GT-HS-20、GT-HS-06、GT-TZ-04、GT-RH-02、GT-JS-11、GT-HS-15、GT-HS-04、GT-HS-18、GT-HS-09
	椭圆形 Elliptical	59	48.76	GT-DZ-08、GT-TZ-16、GT-DZ-11、GT-TZ-17、GT-TZ-13、GT-XS-30、GT-XS-32、GT-TZ-11、GT-XS-03、GT-XS-34、GT-TZ-09、GT-XS-23、GT-DZ-06、GT-XS-05、GT-XS-29、GT-XS-08、GT-TZ-05、GT-TZ-07、GT-TZ-10、GT-HS-11、GT-JS-06、GT-XS-18、GT-XS-11、GT-DZ-10、GT-XS-01、GT-RH-01、GT-XS-07、GT-TZ-12、GT-JS-09、GT-DZ-07、GT-XS-14、GT-TZ-03、GT-DZ-02、GT-DZ-03、GT-RH-03、GT-DZ-13、GT-XS-02、GT-TZ-08、GT-XS-20、GT-WC-08、GT-DZ-09、GT-WC-11、GT-XS-16、GT-JS-10、GT-TZ-15、GT-XS-31、GT-HS-12、GT-TZ-01、GT-JS-03、GT-XS-13、GT-HS-24、GT-HS-23、GT-JS-02、GT-HS-16、GT-XS-25、GT-JS-04、GT-XS-27、GT-XS-15、GT-JS-07
	近圆形Subrounded	3	2.48	GT-DZ-04、GT-TZ-02、GT-TZ-14
叶片大小 Leaf size	小叶 Small leaf	8	6.61	GT-DZ-03、GT-JS-10、GT-RH-04、GT-JS-07、GT-DZ-05、GT-JS-05、GT-RH-05、GT-HS-12
	中叶 Medium leaf	48	39.67	GT-JS-08、GT-HS-07、GT-DZ-13、GT-HS-05、GT-JS-03、GT-HS-10、GT-XS-07、GT-WC-07、GT-DZ-02、GT-DZ-12、GT-WC-04、GT-TZ-03、GT-WC-06、GT-HS-16、GT-XS-04、GT-HS-20、GT-TZ-16、GT-DZ-09、GT-JS-09、GT-XS-08、GT-RH-03、GT-WC-12、GT-WC-13、GT-JS-11、GT-HS-21、GT-HS-23、GT-DZ-10、GT-JS-04、GT-WC-10、GT-JS-01、GT-DZ-11、GT-HS-06、GT-HS-01、GT-XS-24、GT-JS-02、GT-WC-08、GT-WC-01、GT-XS-22、GT-DZ-04、GT-TZ-13、GT-HS-11、GT-HS-14、GT-TZ-11、GT-XS-19、GT-RH-01、GT-TZ-14、GT-DZ-06、GT-TZ-02
	大叶 Large leaf	58	47.93	GT-TZ-05、GT-HS-04、GT-XS-28、GT-HS-22、GT-HS-18、GT-HS-27、GT-XS-30、GT-XS-12、GT-HS-26、GT-XS-26、GT-HS-08、GT-XS-18、GT-HS-17、GT-HS-09、GT-HS-03、GT-RH-02、GT-HS-02、GT-TZ-12、GT-DZ-07、GT-XS-29、GT-XS-34、GT-TZ-08、GT-WC-09、GT-XS-03、GT-TZ-17、GT-XS-31、GT-WC-05、GT-XS-20、GT-XS-33、GT-WC-03、GT-XS-06、GT-XS-13、GT-XS-32、GT-XS-05、GT-XS-01、GT-TZ-04、GT-HS-13、GT-TZ-10、GT-XS-09、GT-HS-15、GT-TZ-06、GT-WC-14、GT-TZ-15、GT-XS-15、GT-HS-25、GT-XS-11、GT-TZ-09、GT-HS-24、GT-XS-16、GT-XS-14、GT-DZ-01、GT-TZ-07、GT-JS-06、GT-XS-27、GT-XS-17、GT-HS-19、GT-WC-02、GT-XS-25
	特大叶 Extra large leaf	7	5.79	GT-XS-21、GT-DZ-08、GT-XS-10、GT-WC-11、GT-XS-02、GT-XS-23、GT-TZ-01

Table 4

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Table 5

Fig. 5

Table 6

Table 7

Fig. 6

Table 8

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形态学性状 Morphological traits	最小值 MIN	最大值 MAX	平均值 Average value	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index (H′)
叶长Leaf length (cm)	6.54	16.80	11.81	1.90	16.07	1.35
叶宽Leaf width (cm)	2.83	7.25	4.82	0.84	17.44	2.01
长宽比Length-width ratio	1.83	3.17	2.48	0.28	11.30	2.07
叶面积Leaf area (cm²)	13.10	81.85	40.94	12.38	30.25	2.05
腋芽茸毛Axillary pubescence	0	1	0.81	0.39	48.65	0.49
子房茸毛Ovary pubescence	0	1	0.32	0.47	145.61	0.63
子房室数Ovary locule number	3.00	5.00	3.43	0.63	18.50	1.43

生化性状 Biochemical traits	最小值 MIN (mg∙g^-1)	最大值 MAX (mg∙g^-1)	平均值 Average value (mg∙g^-1)	标准差 Standard deviation (mg∙g^-1)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index (H′)	峰度 Kurtosis	偏度 Skewness
没食子酸Gallic acid	0.00	0.92	0.21	0.21	99.54	1.87	0.57	1.16
咖啡碱Caffeine	9.99	52.38	28.67	8.45	29.46	2.06	-0.56	-0.05
可可碱Theobromine	1.54	19.35	5.32	2.79	52.48	1.88	4.77	1.66
茶叶碱Theophylline	0.00	1.07	0.50	0.23	46.68	2.02	-0.37	0.04
EGC	0.00	73.41	14.86	14.03	94.45	1.87	2.18	1.44
C	0.00	31.48	11.50	7.95	69.13	1.92	-0.72	0.54
EC	6.69	70.65	18.41	16.76	91.03	1.36	1.51	1.71
EGCG	4.54	103.81	51.62	27.39	53.06	1.91	-0.74	-0.37
GCG	0.00	34.46	8.20	5.29	64.50	1.55	5.03	1.26
ECG	8.95	52.97	17.57	7.45	42.39	1.81	5.18	1.95
生物碱总量Total alkaloids	13.63	64.61	34.49	10.36	30.05	2.05	-0.37	0.13
非酯型儿茶素 Non-galloylated catechins	18.69	91.70	44.76	14.52	32.43	2.00	0.39	0.77
酯型儿茶素Gallated catechins	23.10	151.65	77.39	29.08	37.57	2.04	-0.42	0.20
儿茶素总量Total catechins	52.41	186.51	122.15	28.28	23.15	2.07	-0.38	0.29

生化组分 Biochemical component	第Ⅰ类Group Ⅰ		第Ⅱ类Group Ⅱ		第Ⅲ类Group Ⅲ		第Ⅳ类Group Ⅳ
生化组分 Biochemical component	含量范围 Content range	平均值 Average value	含量范围 Content range	平均值 Average value	含量范围 Content range	平均值 Average value	含量范围 Content range	平均值 Average value
没食子酸Gallic acid	0.00	0.00 bB	0.06-0.71	0.28±0.24aA	0.00-0.26	0.05±0.01bB	0.06-0.92	0.28±0.20aA
咖啡碱Caffeine	12.04-23.18	17.77±3.13cC	9.99-31.95	22.52±5.90bB	15.48-27.24	20.42±3.92bcBC	21.65-52.38	33.81±5.33aA
可可碱Theobromine	1.54-8.42	4.14±1.94bB	1.90-4.48	2.93±0.77bB	1.61-5.02	2.98±1.15bB	2.11-19.35	6.41±2.79aA
茶叶碱Theophylline	0.23-0.55	0.36±0.08bBC	0.23-0.69	0.40±0.16bB	0.00-0.42	0.20±0.14cC	0.00-1.07	0.59±0.23aA
EGC	0.00-3.56	1.04±1.50cC	0.00-28.07	13.10±8.71bB	31.37-73.41	44.41±12.81aA	2.58-51.46	15.35±11.16bB
C	2.14-7.47	3.74±1.70cB	4.77-22.53	9.79±4.92bA	0.00-12.12	3.21±3.61cB	1.86-31.38	14.88±7.59aA
EC	42.40-70.65	53.30±8.43aA	6.89-13.93	9.74±2.18cC	14.61-41.17	25.69±9.35bB	6.68-19.49	10.19±2.34cC
EGCG	4.54-7.71	5.61±0.78cC	5.21-47.10	37.07±10.69bB	18.55-54.09	32.84±11.99bB	43.40-103.81	69.01±14.27aA
GCG	0.00-12.54	2.59±4.26cC	6.00-10.35	6.98±1.19bAB	0.00-6.57	3.43±3.26cBC	5.72-34.46	10.50±4.68aA
ECG	18.55-52.97	30.42±8.28aA	9.05-20.08	11.45±2.67cB	9.87-26.07	15.40±5.45bB	8.95-25.43	15.73±3.28bB

主成分 Principal component	特征值 Characteristic value	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	累计贡献率 Accumulative contribution rate (%)
1	6.98	49.86	49.86
2	2.51	17.90	67.76
3	1.85	13.19	80.94

生化性状 Biochemical traits	主成分1 Principal component 1		主成分2 Principal component 2		主成分3 Principal component 3
生化性状 Biochemical traits	载荷Load	系数Coefficient	载荷Load	系数Coefficient	载荷Load	系数 Coefficient
没食子酸 Gallic acid (X₈)	0.56	0.08	-0.41	-0.16	-0.15	-0.08
咖啡碱 Caffeine (X₉)	0.91	0.13	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.01
可可碱 Theobromine (X₁₀)	0.68	0.10	0.34	0.14	0.50	0.27
茶叶碱 Theophylline (X₁₁)	0.58	0.08	-0.42	-0.17	0.36	0.20
EGC (X₁₂)	0.10	0.01	0.68	0.27	-0.68	-0.37
C (X₁₃)	0.52	0.08	-0.46	-0.18	0.05	0.02
EC (X₁₄)	-0.77	-0.11	0.29	0.12	0.49	0.26
EGCG (X₁₅)	0.93	0.13	0.20	0.08	-0.18	-0.10
GCG (X₁₆)	0.81	0.12	0.09	0.03	0.18	0.10
ECG (X₁₇)	-0.37	-0.05	0.35	0.14	0.80	0.43
生物碱总量 Total alkaloids (X₁₈)	0.94	0.13	0.12	0.05	0.15	0.08
非酯型儿茶素 Non-galloylated catechins (X₁₉)	-0.51	-0.07	0.74	0.30	-0.07	-0.04
酯型儿茶素 Gallated catechins (X₂₀)	0.93	0.13	0.29	0.12	0.07	0.04
儿茶素总量Total catechins (X₂₁)	0.70	0.10	0.68	0.27	0.03	0.02

Comprehensive Analysis of Morphologic Characters and Biochemical Components of Guizhou Dashu Tea Germplasms

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生化成分 Biochemical composition	材料名称 Name
高咖啡碱 High caffeine (≥50.0 mg∙g^-1)	GT-WC-08 (52.38)
低咖啡碱 Low caffeine (≤15.0 mg∙g^-1)	GT-HS-04 (14.83)、GT-HS-01 (14.81)、GT-HS-26 (14.46)、GT-HS-16 (14.45)、GT-HS-06 (14.15)、GT-HS-02 (12.04)、GT-JS-01 (9.99)
高EGCG High EGCG (≥100.0 mg∙g^-1)	GT-TZ-11 (103.81)
高GCG High GCG (≥15.0 mg∙g^-1)	GT-XS-08 (34.46)、GT-TZ-03 (23.28)、GT-XS-01 (21.11)、GT-TZ-11 (20.52)、GT-DZ-13 (20.34)、GT-DZ-02 (20.23)、GT-DZ-06 (18.15)、GT-XS-09 (15.26)

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