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Effects of Long-Term Film Mulching and Application of Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Spring Maize on the Loess Plateau

WEI YaNan1, BO QiFei11, TANG An1, GAO JiaRui1, MA Tian1, WEI XiongXiong1, ZHANG FangFang1, ZHOU XiangLi3, YUE ShanChao1, 2*, LI ShiQing1, 2* #br#   

  1. 1College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi; 2State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi; 3College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
  • Online:2022-07-12 Published:2022-07-12

Abstract:

【Objective】To investigate the effects of long-term film mulching and application of organic fertilizer on yield, quality, dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake of spring maize through long-term localized field experiments.【Method】The long-term experiment began in 2009 at the Changwu Agri-Ecological Station, and the samples were collected in 2020 and 2021.The field experiments were conducted with four treatments: F (mulching, no N), N (no mulching, N 225 kg·hm-2), FN (mulching, N 225 kg·hm-2), FSN (mulching, N kg·hm-2 and apply organic fertilizer). Plant samples for measuring total biomass were collected at silking stage (R1) and harvest stage (R6). The samples were divided into different parts as required, and the total N contents were determined. Crude protein, crude fat and crude amylum concentrations of maize grain were determined at harvest. 【Result】(1) Mulching under nitrogen application significantly increased the yield of spring maize, while additional application of organic fertilizer under mulching further increased the yield. Compared with the control, the N treatment increased the yield by 106%-176%. The FN treatment increased the yield by 21%-75% on this basis, and the FSN treatment was further increased by 5.6%-8.4%. (2) Mulching under nitrogen application significantly increased the dry matter accumulation and N uptake of spring maize, and the two indicators were further improved after the application of organic fertilizer. (3) The crude protein content of the N treatment was 8.67%-8.94%, while the crude protein content of the FN treatment increased to 8.99%-9.34%. The crude protein content of the FSN treatment was not further improved. There were no significant differences in crude fat and crude amylum content between the treatments. 【Conclusion】Film mulching (FN) significantly increased the yield and crude protein content of spring maize. The application of organic fertilizer under the condition of film mulching (FSN) further increased the yield on the basis of maintaining the crude protein content of the grain, and realized the high yield and high quality of spring maize.

Key words: spring maize, plastic mulching, organic fertilizer, yield, crude protein, crude fat, crude amylum

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