Scientia Agricultura Sinica

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The role of Linoleyl ethanolamide in tomato defense against Botrytis cinerea

SHAO ShuJun, HU ZhangJian, SHI Kai   

  1. College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058
  • Online:2021-12-23 Published:2021-12-23

Abstract: BackgroundGray mold is one of the important diseases of tomato and causes significant yield losses up to 20%-40%. Nowadays, chemical control are often used in tomato production, which is effective but increases the risk of agricultural products safety and results in environmental pollution. N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are a kind of lipid bioactive compounds naturally occurring in plants, which have been identified to have a variety of immune functions in mammals, however, their role in plant immunity is still unknown.ObjectiveThus, investigating the effects of NAEs on tomato plant defense against gray mold infection is undoubtedly of great significance for regulation of tomato resistance to gray mold.MethodIn this study, tomato ‘Moneymaker’ plants were infected by Botrytis cinerea with or without exogenous NAE 18:0, NAE 18:2, NAE 22:5, and then photosynthetic characteristics and the B. cinerea growth were measured. To reveal the underlying mechanism of NAE 18:2 induced plant resistance to B. cinerea, Fluorescence parameters of tomato leaves, transcript abundance of defense-related genes (e.g. PII, PR1, NPR1, Nr, ACO1, PYR1a), and contents of plant hormones (e.g. JA, SA, ETH, ABA, IAA) were measured. Furthermore, ethylene-insensitive mutant was employed to verify the function of NAE 18:2.ResultThe growth of B. cinerea was not affected by exogenous NAEs treatment during in vitro culture. The photosystem II photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII) of tomato significantly decreased under B. cinerea infection. However, exogenous NAEs treatment was able to enhance the ΦPSII, and NAE 18:2 has the best effect on tomato plant defense against B. cinerea, which reduced the disease index to 1.3 and the actin gene transcript level of B. cinerea by 60%. The expressions of PR1 and NPR1 could be induced by B. cinerea infection but not by NAE 18:2 treament. However, the expressions of PII, Nr and ACO1 were up-regulated when plants were pre-treated by NAE 18:2 before B. cinerea infection, the ACO1 was significantly higher than PII, Nr. Compared to the control, the contents of SA , JA, IAA and ETH in the leaves were increased significantly after B. cinerea infection, while only the contents of ETH were further increased when pre-treated by NAE 18:2. Moreover, exogenous NAE 18:2 pre-treatmetn could not improve the defense against B. cinerea in the ETH-insensitive mutant nr.ConclusionExogenous NAE18:2 treatment can increase leaf photosynthesis, transcript abundance of defense-related genes, and the contents of plant hormones. It can also improve the resisitance of tomato plants to B. cinerea, which may depend on the ETH signaling pathway.

Key words: tomato, N-acylethanolamines (NAE), linoleyl ethanolamide (NAE 18:2), gray mold, Botrytis cinerea, ethylene (ETH)

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