南方地区120份甜、糯玉米自交系重要目标性状和育种潜力分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.05.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To investigate the agronomy, yield and quality traits of 120 sweet and waxy maize inbred lines, and analyze the correlation between different traits and evaluate the breeding potential by using candidate inbred lines. 【Method】 Investigating the general agronomic traits (flowering time, plant height, ear height), yield traits (fresh bud ear weight, fresh ear weight, fresh kernel weight, etc.) and quality traits (residue rate, brix, crude protein, crude starch, crude fat, etc.). The top 50% inbred lines with high yield and brix, and low residue rate were selected to determine the General Combining Ability (GCA) via diallel crossing. The same method was used to investigate the traits of the hybrid combinations, and the artificial score of taste was applied to six traits of smell, cheerful color, waxy/sweetness, flavor, tenderness and fineness, and the comprehensive score was obtained. The utilization value of the hybrid combinations was evaluated by comparing with the control varieties. 【Result】 The coefficients of variation of residue rate, yield, and sugar content of the tested inbred lines reached 20%, 30%, and 10%, respectively, implying there is a large genetic variation. The generalized heritability of most traits such as residue rate, yield and sugar content are above 50%, indicating that these traits have high genetic stability. In the sweet corn population, flowering time is negatively correlated with sugar content, and positively correlated with yield and residue rate. Yield is positively correlated with residue rate, but has no significant correlation with sugar content. These results suggested that it is not easy to have both good taste and high yield in sweet corn breeding, and that moderate early flowering materials will be better in field. In the waxy corn population, residue rate is negatively correlated with flowering time and yield traits, while the sugar content has no significant correlation with flowering time and yield traits. These results suggested that good taste and high yield can be achieved simultaneously in waxy maize breeding, and that moderate late flowering will be better in field. In the candidate sweet corn inbred lines, there are 3 lines have been identified to have positive GCA value for yield traits, brix, and negative GCA value for the residue rate, respectively. In the candidate waxy corn inbred lines, there are 3, 3, and 4 lines have been identified to have positive GCA value for yield traits, brix, and negative GCA value for the residue rate, respectively. Six sweet corn hybrid combinations and six waxy corn hybrid combinations with great comprehensive breeding potential have been isolated. Four black sweet corn hybrid combinations with application potential, and one inbred line SICAU76 with great application value in black grain have been isolated. 【Conclusion】The sweet and waxy corn inbred lines collected in this study have a large degree of genetic variation. The agronomic, yield, and quality traits of sweet and waxy corn have some intrinsic correlation. According to the correlation between flowering time and quality traits, moderate early flowering materials for sweet corn production, and moderate late flowering materials for waxy corn production will be better in field.

Key words: fresh corn, yield, quality, breeding potential

FENG XuanJun, PAN LiTeng, XIONG Hao, WANG QingJun, LI JingWei, ZHANG XueMei, HU ErLiang, LIN HaiJian, ZHENG HongJian, LU YanLi. Investigation on Important Target Traits and Breeding Potential of 120 Sweet and Waxy Maize Inbred Lines in the South of China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(5): 856-873.

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URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.05.003

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2022/V55/I5/856

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig. 1

Table 4

General combining ability (GCA) of each trait of 6 sweet corn inbred lines and 7 waxy corn inbred lines"

自交系 Inbred lines	抽雄期 DTT (d)	吐丝期 DTS (d)	散粉期 DTA (d)	散粉吐丝间期ASI (d)	株高 PH (cm)	穗位高 EH (cm)	鲜苞穗重 FBEW (g)	鲜穗重 FEW (g)	鲜籽粒重 FKW (g)	干籽粒重 DKW (g)	出籽率 KR (%)	含水量 WC (%)	糖度 BR	皮渣率 RR (%)	粗蛋白 CP (%)	粗淀粉 CS (%)	粗脂肪 CF (%)
SHTL03	-1.53e	-1.08d	-0.78d	-0.01a	-15.66d	-12.03d	-5.27b	-2.88b	3.49c	1.41b	2.14a	-0.28b	0.66a	0.69a	-0.84c	-0.30b	-0.02abc
SICAU66	0.32bc	0.53b	0.20bc	0.01a	0.05b	4.54b	37.39a	26.25a	10.48bc	-0.07b	-2.46c	1.44a	-0.44c	-0.27bc	-0.15b	0.22a	-0.09c
SICAU72	0.66b	-0.08bc	0.41ab	-0.32b	4.91b	3.22b	35.15a	31.97a	26.18a	4.32a	1.74a	1.15a	0.19ab	0.22ab	-0.21b	0.21a	-0.06bc
SICAU75	1.44a	1.21a	0.74a	0.12a	14.73a	13.76a	47.78a	27.88a	15.93b	2.18ab	-1.09bc	1.07a	-0.16bc	-0.01b	0.28a	0.14a	0.08a
SICAU76	-0.71d	-0.08bc	-0.26cd	0.09a	2.46b	-2.25c	-56.93c	-40.15c	-25.81d	-3.28c	0.38ab	-1.76c	-0.43c	-0.70c	0.45a	-0.16b	0.05ab
SICAU77	-0.29c	-0.63cd	-0.42d	0.10a	-7.27c	-7.62d	-57.67c	-43.16c	-29.32d	-4.35c	-0.38b	-1.64c	0.30ab	0.18ab	0.38a	-0.14b	0.04ab
SHWL22	-0.59d	-1.26e	-0.71c	0.08ab	-7.42b	-5.59c	-21.57e	-34.31d	-11.03c	-2.84b	4.51a	-0.86cd	0.49a	-0.04	0.30a	0.22a	0.00b
SHWL44	-0.98d	-0.58d	-0.85c	0.28a	-5.53b	-3.63c	-11.88de	-0.30b	11.15a	3.80a	4.63a	0.74b	-0.02bc	0.04	-0.05b	-0.08bc	0.06ab
SICAU03	0.90a	0.64a	0.77a	-0.12b	0.68a	-4.38c	-5.14cd	-12.77c	-12.14c	-3.15b	-2.47c	-1.25d	0.08ab	0.26	0.11ab	0.01abc	0.09a
SICAU12	0.41b	0.05bc	0.17b	-0.14b	4.52a	8.52a	15.76a	18.97a	3.64b	1.26a	-2.57c	0.08bc	-0.08bc	-0.39	0.26a	0.21ab	-0.03b
SICAU21	-0.75d	-0.22cd	-0.70c	0.25a	2.80a	3.60b	6.64ab	12.65a	13.16a	1.26a	2.82b	2.29a	-0.30bc	0.42	-0.34c	-0.06abc	-0.21c
SICAU34	-0.05c	0.09bc	0.16b	0.02ab	4.90a	6.03ab	2.29bc	0.07b	4.89b	4.00a	2.01b	-1.24d	-0.36c	-0.23	-0.05b	-0.18c	0.05ab
SICAU47	0.63ab	0.46ab	0.74a	-0.25b	-6.15b	-9.88d	-6.21cd	-11.25c	-18.36d	-6.51c	-5.28d	-0.50cd	0.46a	-0.01	-0.09bc	-0.01abc	0.04ab

Table 4

Table 5

SCA of different sweet corn hybrid combinations"

组合 Combinations	抽雄期 DTT (d)	吐丝期 DTS (d)	散粉期 DTA (d)	散粉吐丝间期ASI (d)	株高 PH (cm)	穗位高 EH (cm)	鲜苞穗重 FBEW (g)	鲜穗重 FEW (g)	鲜籽粒重 FKW (g)	干籽粒重 DKW (g)	出籽率 KR (%)	含水量 WC (%)	糖度 BR	皮渣率 RR (%)	粗蛋白 CP (%)	粗淀粉 CS (%)	粗脂肪 CF (%)
SHTL03×SICAU66	-1.91	-1.41	-1.21	-0.58	-21.61	-15.1	-45.25	-36.7	-29.97	-8.28	-2.10	0.75	0.23	-0.80	-0.34	0.70	-0.17
SHTL03×SICAU72	5.36	5.74	5.71	0.35	11.64	5.24	22.57	39.62	36.16	13.05	2.07	-1.80	-1.10	-0.18	-0.19	-2.37	-0.14
SHTL03×SICAU75	6.57	7.12	6.05	-0.09	12.62	6.83	60.05	75.94	65.88	18.81	3.76	-1.19	-0.20	4.21	0.65	-2.16	0.04
SHTL03×SICAU76	-1.08	-1.19	-1.15	-0.26	-6.55	0.8	-11.04	-5.84	-4.92	-2.05	0.52	0.46	-0.85	-0.16	0.03	0.64	-0.13
SHTL03×SICAU77	4.64	3.95	4.21	-0.06	13.69	-0.05	43.98	13.53	4.39	5.27	-0.95	-2.58	-0.42	4.29	-0.23	-1.46	0.05
SICAU66×SHTL03	6.03	4.46	5.59	0.35	9.51	-0.47	17.00	16.45	18.08	5.72	1.96	-0.64	0.42	-1.37	-0.50	-2.33	-0.37
SICAU66×SICAU72	-2.66	-2.54	-2.43	-0.17	-11.43	-7.58	-30.26	-20.02	-17.96	-6.83	-1.23	1.06	-0.83	-0.46	0.42	0.93	-0.11
SICAU66×SICAU75	-3.12	-2.16	-2.76	0.39	-10.91	-1.13	-12.81	-7.08	-8.97	-4.46	-1.14	1.01	-0.78	-0.79	0.09	0.71	0.24
SICAU66×SICAU76	-1.47	-1.03	-1.76	-0.08	-4.88	-5.55	-6.40	10.96	7.68	6.46	-0.03	-1.83	1.03	-0.2	0.06	0.82	0.12
SICAU66×SICAU77	-3.05	-3.49	-3.27	-0.75	-19.25	-13.91	-42.49	-22.6	-22.35	-9.17	-3.05	2.42	0.35	-0.05	-0.12	1.13	0.09
SICAU72×SHTL03	-2.98	-2.93	-3.12	0.19	-12.86	-7.76	-24.38	-18.33	-13.97	-5.19	-0.96	1.13	0.11	-0.30	0.38	0.96	0.12
SICAU72×SICAU66	-3.33	-2.54	-2.93	-0.33	-3.30	-1.42	10.85	1.71	-3.18	-4.12	-1.12	1.09	-0.37	0.07	0.32	1.33	-0.16
SICAU72×SICAU75	-2.45	-1.38	-1.30	-0.44	-24.04	-17.45	-48.04	-38.22	-30.44	-7.80	-1.95	0.18	0.60	-0.70	0.00	1.26	-0.06
SICAU72×SICAU76	-4.47	-4.79	-5.14	-0.55	-2.08	-2.68	5.89	1.57	8.02	0.84	2.33	1.01	0.37	-0.11	0.62	1.31	0.23
SICAU72×SICAU77	-3.89	-4.04	-3.98	0.25	-2.32	-0.92	-13.86	4.95	6.11	0.10	1.57	1.07	1.99	-0.61	-1.00	0.99	-0.11
SICAU75×SHTL03	-2.93	-2.55	-2.95	-0.09	4.56	0.70	-9.80	-6.95	-1.96	-0.35	0.82	-0.04	0.98	0.05	-0.12	0.84	0.06
SICAU75×SICAU66	-2.62	-1.99	-2.93	0.39	0.25	3.53	-9.27	-13.97	-13.22	-5.80	-0.87	1.22	0.42	0.18	0.66	1.32	-0.09
SICAU75×SICAU72	-2.62	-2.54	-2.30	-0.28	-17.64	-12.65	-50.04	-28.31	-18.28	-4.61	0.24	-0.29	1.26	0.03	0.20	1.15	0.22
SICAU75×SICAU76	1.75	0.38	0.78	0.31	10.50	6.35	21.65	11.62	8.83	1.01	0.20	0.80	-0.92	-0.62	-0.28	-0.4	-0.02
SICAU75×SICAU77	6.33	7.67	5.69	0.81	24.63	14.63	114.45	82.88	67.00	17.75	4.09	-0.33	-0.59	0.97	0.03	-1.17	0.22
SICAU76×SHTL03	1.72	1.66	1.55	0.19	5.19	9.04	22.76	3.46	-14.35	-4.99	-4.59	0.56	-0.15	-1.16	-0.54	-0.47	0.00
SICAU76×SICAU66	-2.73	-2.20	-1.93	0.12	-5.42	-1.28	-11.74	-5.24	-3.91	-0.55	-0.28	-0.1	0.92	-0.62	-0.74	0.22	0.14
SICAU76×SICAU72	0.53	-0.34	0.11	0.25	23.77	10.70	-0.14	-11.06	-0.29	1.46	3.04	-0.34	0.47	-0.11	-0.06	-0.76	-0.01
SICAU76×SICAU75	4.75	3.13	4.20	-0.52	37.63	26.65	35.15	5.43	-2.58	-0.47	-2.76	-0.03	-1.43	-0.81	0.04	-2.43	-0.19
SICAU76×SICAU77	-3.02	-2.2	-2.48	-0.17	-16.20	-15.79	-59.36	-45.42	-36.34	-13.21	-3.65	1.91	0.02	-0.43	0.41	1.10	-0.03
SICAU77×SHTL03	1.05	0.45	0.96	0.19	-4.93	-3.88	8.25	-1.44	-6.16	0.30	-1.40	-1.18	0.59	-1.60	-0.12	-0.76	0.03
SICAU77×SICAU66	5.45	4.34	6.23	0.91	15.91	15.06	32.84	7.84	7.82	5.16	1.39	-1.74	-2.00	1.13	-0.10	-1.65	0.06
SICAU77×SICAU75	-2.67	-2.49	-2.64	-0.36	0.83	-1.01	-8.88	-3.5	-0.13	0.92	0.96	0.05	-0.26	-0.69	0.59	0.81	-0.01
SICAU77×SICAU76	4.23	3.46	4.19	-0.17	-1.80	8.49	-38.59	-21.57	-13.66	-1.05	1.18	-3.04	-0.63	0.13	0.84	0.14	-0.14

Table 5

Table 6

SCA of different waxy corn hybrid combinations"

组合 Combinations	抽雄期 DTT	吐丝期 DTS	散粉期 DTA	散粉吐丝间期ASI	株高 PH	穗位高 EH	鲜苞穗重 FBEW	鲜穗重 FEW	鲜籽粒重 FKW	干籽粒重 DKW	出籽率 KR	含水量 WC	糖度 BR	皮渣率 RR	粗蛋白 CP	粗淀粉 CS	粗脂肪 CF
SHWL44×SHWL22	0.45	1.68	1.06	0.05	-32.79	-16.95	-67.30	-43.52	-39.11	-19.65	-4.77	2.54	0.07	2.19	-0.13	0.63	-0.14
SHWL44×SICAU03	-1.04	-1.39	-1.25	-0.09	3.91	-1.59	23.76	25.35	12.27	5.11	-0.60	0.03	0.65	0.25	-0.44	0.03	0.04
SHWL44×SICAU12	-0.05	0.21	-0.32	-0.06	-1.93	2.47	-3.64	-7.47	-6.62	-4.04	-1.16	0.42	-0.42	-0.58	0.41	-0.02	0.03
SHWL44×SICAU21	-0.06	-0.36	-0.62	-0.46	-9.11	-6.95	-45.51	-40.77	-28.69	-14.31	-2.23	2.51	-0.41	0.25	0.27	0.41	-0.17
SHWL44×SICAU34	-1.42	-1.50	-0.15	-0.06	0.02	1.42	13.84	12.23	11.74	4.78	1.24	0.04	0.26	-0.68	-0.16	0.39	0.07
SHWL44×SICAU47	7.73	5.79	6.44	-0.29	31.10	20.33	81.34	76.13	64.93	37.73	7.49	-6.75	0.89	-1.17	-0.38	-2.76	-0.01
SICAU03×SHWL22	-1.43	-1.88	-1.55	0.12	9.77	6.1	31.78	6.51	3.63	1.58	-0.12	-0.28	0.35	0.13	-0.24	0.12	0.05
SICAU03×SHWL44	-1.21	-1.56	-2.09	0.25	10.91	4.21	33.43	34.71	22.21	8.93	1.03	-0.01	0.61	-1.30	-0.25	-0.37	0.13
SICAU03×SICAU12	-1.43	-1.52	-1.27	-0.16	11.13	4.12	8.29	6.54	-6.19	-2.13	-3.30	0.23	-0.05	-0.48	0.43	0.52	0.18
SICAU03×SICAU21	-0.27	-0.75	-0.4	0.28	4.85	2.68	32.75	26.13	16.61	6.14	0.99	0.28	-0.75	-1.69	-0.6	0.79	-0.01
SICAU03×SICAU34	0.03	0.27	-0.10	0.01	-9.99	-4.19	-13.24	-13.18	-16.79	-8.84	-3.34	1.11	-1.02	-1.43	0.25	0.33	-0.05
SICAU03×SICAU47	1.52	2.57	2.16	-0.22	-28.78	-18.48	-90.91	-76.46	-43.32	-19.47	-1.74	1.36	0.37	2.61	0.80	-0.01	-0.04
SICAU12×SHWL22	-0.60	-0.12	-0.29	0.31	1.16	4.53	20.05	27.94	11.38	2.52	-3.19	1.82	-0.18	-0.16	0.34	0.13	-0.03
SICAU12×SHWL44	11.29	11.54	12.18	-0.73	22.94	30.17	12.03	-8.00	20.38	15.48	9.66	-5.12	-0.41	2.96	0.17	-1.87	-0.42
SICAU12×SICAU03	-0.76	-1.19	-0.94	-0.16	8.13	1.26	25.29	18.11	-1.19	1.38	-4.28	-0.51	-0.25	-0.66	0.24	0.32	0.18
SICAU12×SICAU21	0.06	0.01	0.03	-0.03	-4.73	-1.23	-8.32	-8.31	5.57	2.89	3.40	-0.78	0.09	0.02	-0.03	-0.39	0.05
SICAU12×SICAU34	-0.13	-0.47	-0.50	0.03	-6.39	-0.52	2.36	13.11	10.81	-0.16	0.98	2.36	0.06	1.95	-0.57	-0.09	-0.24
SICAU12×SICAU47	-1.15	-1.17	-1.41	-0.03	2.75	-1.18	12.86	13.73	-5.32	-1.35	-4.37	-0.43	0.84	-1.41	-0.08	0.74	-0.08
SICAU21×SHWL22	0.22	0.15	-0.09	-0.42	-3.65	-2.85	-21.82	-10.97	-7.77	-4.43	-0.87	0.89	-0.17	-1.07	0.38	0.01	-0.08
SICAU21×SHWL44	-0.06	0.81	0.21	0.88	-15.98	-9.15	-48.34	-29.35	-21.47	-10.94	-1.97	1.36	-0.71	0.77	0.47	0.44	-0.15
SICAU21×SICAU03	-0.43	-0.92	-0.57	-0.39	5.65	5.48	63.41	60.38	32.20	11.18	-0.60	1.02	-0.28	0.02	-0.56	-0.04	0.02
SICAU21×SICAU12	-0.60	0.01	-0.47	0.14	-8.59	-3.43	0.16	1.14	3.57	-5.2	0.74	3.40	-0.20	-0.14	-0.16	0.07	-0.28
SICAU21×SICAU34	-1.31	-1.03	-1.13	-0.03	2.53	1.26	-9.01	-10.47	-16.67	-8.94	-4.31	1.06	-0.18	-0.46	-0.02	-0.52	0.10
SICAU21×SICAU47	-1.00	-0.74	-0.87	0.07	1.90	2.27	33.49	37.53	23.05	10.79	1.32	-1.19	0.03	0.62	-0.51	0.35	-0.06
SICAU34×SHWL22	-0.47	-0.66	-0.62	-0.36	6.65	2.69	-2.14	-5.43	6.07	6.41	4.45	-2.75	-0.31	-0.12	0.00	0.25	0.09
SICAU34×SHWL44	-1.09	-1.17	-0.82	-0.06	9.42	5.42	12.50	19.82	15.73	6.65	0.54	-0.05	-0.03	-0.68	0.22	-0.02	0.29
SICAU34×SICAU03	0.20	0.44	-0.43	0.17	5.01	2.18	-5.41	-3.49	-2.28	0.33	0.40	-0.76	0.13	0.15	-0.09	-0.25	0.00
SICAU34×SICAU12	0.03	0.03	-0.17	-0.13	-3.73	0.88	-15.97	-8.45	-1.92	1.80	0.62	-1.00	0.01	0.56	0.04	0.36	-0.01
SICAU34×SICAU21	-1.48	-0.03	-1.30	0.47	13.06	6.33	14.99	11.81	11.09	7.98	0.76	-2.00	1.23	0.98	0.42	0.19	0.05
SICAU34×SICAU47	0.31	0.45	0.26	0.14	-3.23	-4.49	2.50	-8.96	-11.23	-6.73	-2.52	1.97	-0.97	-0.83	0.03	0.38	-0.13
SICAU47×SHWL22	-1.16	-1.86	-1.69	0.25	14.59	2.93	44.03	29.76	17.85	6.92	-0.42	0.03	0.28	-1.35	-0.23	-0.21	0.15
SICAU47×SHWL44	-1.44	-1.71	-1.73	-0.29	9.43	3.57	47.17	33.35	19.80	7.26	0.49	0.21	-0.30	-1.16	-0.31	-0.48	0.10
SICAU47×SICAU03	1.18	2.57	2.33	-0.06	-25.14	-15.04	-105.91	-92.45	-53.06	-22.47	-3.36	-0.32	0.12	2.01	0.78	0.23	-0.23
SICAU47×SICAU12	-0.82	-1.34	-1.08	0.14	4.95	1.52	2.03	13.20	-1.52	0.27	-2.55	-0.64	-0.22	-1.30	-0.17	-0.02	0.36
SICAU47×SICAU21	-1.83	-1.90	-1.54	-0.09	10.74	6.80	15.66	12.30	-0.87	-4.28	-2.31	2.72	0.37	0.89	-0.32	0.06	0.15
SICAU47×SICAU34	-0.03	-0.38	-0.24	-0.19	-5.30	-2.06	17.17	12.21	-4.35	-3.40	-3.74	0.98	-0.02	-0.39	-0.06	0.24	0.04

Table 6

Table 7

Comparison of yield, brix, residue ratio and taste traits between synthetic hybrid strain and control variety"

甜糯类型 Sweet or waxy	组合 Combinations	鲜苞穗重 FBEW (g)	显著性 Sig.	糖度 BR	显著性 Sig.	皮渣率 RR (%)	显著性 Sig.	品尝综合得分 Taste score	显著性 Sig.
甜玉米 Sweet corn	SHTL03×SICAU66	331.31	*	18.46	*	11.85	**	55.50	ns
	SHTL03×SICAU72	396.89	ns	17.72	ns	12.95	**	53.68	ns
	SHTL03×SICAU75	447.00	ns	18.27	ns	17.11	**	56.71	ns
	SHTL03×SICAU76	310.00	**	17.48	ns	11.98	**	54.75	ns
	SHTL03×SICAU77	325.48	**	18.51	ns	17.39	**	52.00	ns
	SICAU66×SHTL03	393.56	ns	18.59	*	11.27	**	54.63	ns
	SICAU66×SICAU72	386.72	ns	16.88	ns	11.71	**	53.37	ns
	SICAU66×SICAU75	416.80	ns	16.58	ns	11.15	*	52.43	ns
	SICAU66×SICAU76	318.50	*	18.12	ns	11.05	**	54.65	ns
	SICAU66×SICAU77	281.67	***	18.17	ns	12.08	**	54.05	ns
	SICAU72×SHTL03	349.94	ns	18.93	**	12.83	**	53.06	ns
	SICAU72×SICAU66	427.83	ns	17.33	ns	12.23	**	55.00	ns
	SICAU72×SICAU75	379.33	ns	18.60	*	11.73	*	53.91	ns
	SICAU72×SICAU76	328.56	*	18.02	ns	11.78	**	53.88	ns
	SICAU72×SICAU77	308.06	*	20.45	**	12.01	**	54.72	ns
	SICAU75×SHTL03	377.15	ns	19.45	*	12.95	**	53.35	ns
	SICAU75×SICAU66	420.33	ns	17.78	ns	12.12	**	54.73	ns
	SICAU75×SICAU72	377.33	ns	19.25	*	12.46	**	55.00	ns
	SICAU75×SICAU76	356.94	ns	16.33	*	10.59	*	53.00	ns
	SICAU75×SICAU77	449.00	ns	17.52	ns	13.36	**	56.00	ns
	SICAU76×SHTL03	305.00	ns	18.18	ns	11.04	**	52.60	ns
	SICAU76×SICAU66	313.16	*	18.17	ns	10.56	**	51.81	ns
	SICAU76×SICAU72	322.53	*	18.37	ns	11.42	**	52.92	ns
	SICAU76×SICAU75	370.44	ns	15.94	**	10.70	ns	53.50	ns
	SICAU76×SICAU77	170.48	***	17.86	ns	11.27	*	52.86	ns
	SICAU77×SHTL03	289.75	**	19.09	*	11.65	**	50.25	*
	SICAU77×SICAU66	357.00	ns	15.82	**	13.25	**	52.60	ns
	SICAU77×SICAU75	325.67	*	17.84	ns	11.71	**	55.48	*
	SICAU77×SICAU76	191.25	***	17.62	ns	11.47	**	54.75	ns
	荣玉甜99 Rongyutian 99	406.63		17.55		9.53		53.11
糯玉米 Waxy corn	SHWL44×SHWL22	225.33	***	16.14	**	7.72	ns	51.67	*
	SHWL44×SICAU03	332.83	*	16.32	**	7.83	*	53.42	ns
	SHWL44×SICAU12	326.33	*	15.08	**	8.14	ns	53.06	ns
	SHWL44×SICAU21	275.33	**	14.87	**	8.14	ns	53.05	ns
	SHWL44×SICAU34	330.33	*	15.48	**	8.39	ns	50.58	**
	SHWL44×SICAU47	389.33	ns	16.93	**	8.41	ns	52.83	ns
	SICAU03×SHWL22	331.17	*	16.52	**	8.46	ns	53.95	ns
	SICAU03×SHWL44	342.50	ns	16.28	**	8.53	ns	52.14	ns
甜糯类型 Sweet or waxy	组合 Combinations	鲜苞穗重 FBEW (g)	显著性 Sig.	糖度 BR	显著性 Sig.	皮渣率 RR (%)	显著性 Sig.	品尝综合得分 Taste score	显著性 Sig.
	SICAU03×SICAU12	345.00	ns	15.56	**	8.55	ns	51.74	*
	SICAU03×SICAU21	360.33	ns	14.64	*	8.61	ns	54.00	ns
	SICAU03×SICAU34	310.00	*	14.30	*	8.67	ns	51.43	*
	SICAU03×SICAU47	223.83	***	16.51	**	8.67	ns	52.42	ns
	SICAU12×SHWL22	340.33	ns	15.82	**	8.74	ns	52.45	ns
	SICAU12×SHWL44	342.00	ns	15.09	ns	8.85	ns	53.29	ns
	SICAU12×SICAU03	362.00	ns	15.35	**	8.90	ns	52.61	ns
	SICAU12×SICAU21	340.17	ns	15.31	**	8.93	ns	51.91	*
	SICAU12×SICAU34	346.50	ns	15.22	**	8.94	ns	52.68	ns
	SICAU12×SICAU47	348.50	ns	16.81	**	9.14	ns	54.21	ns
	SICAU21×SHWL22	289.33	**	15.62	**	9.27	ns	53.82	ns
	SICAU21×SHWL44	272.50	***	14.58	**	9.43	ns	53.12	ns
	SICAU21×SICAU03	391.00	ns	15.11	**	9.47	ns	53.11	ns
	SICAU21×SICAU12	348.65	ns	15.02	**	9.58	ns	52.56	ns
	SICAU21×SICAU34	326.00	*	14.75	**	9.72	ns	50.12	***
	SICAU21×SICAU47	360.00	ns	15.78	**	9.89	ns	53.59	ns
	SICAU34×SHWL22	304.67	**	15.41	**	10.10	ns	51.21	*
	SICAU34×SHWL44	329.00	*	15.20	**	10.25	ns	50.75	**
	SICAU34×SICAU03	317.83	**	15.45	**	10.25	ns	52.18	ns
	SICAU34×SICAU12	328.17	*	15.17	**	10.56	ns	53.17	ns
	SICAU34×SICAU21	350.00	ns	16.17	**	10.71	ns	51.00	*
	SICAU34×SICAU47	324.67	ns	14.72	*	10.76	*	51.29	**
	SICAU47×SHWL22	342.33	ns	16.82	**	10.83	ns	54.31	ns
	SICAU47×SHWL44	355.17	ns	15.74	**	10.85	ns	52.52	ns
	SICAU47×SICAU03	208.83	***	16.26	**	11.73	ns	54.08	ns
	SICAU47×SICAU12	337.67	ns	15.75	**	11.80	*	53.24	ns
	SICAU47×SICAU21	342.17	ns	16.13	**	12.15	ns	54.14	ns
	SICAU47×SICAU34	339.33	ns	15.67	**	12.40	*	51.83	*
	荣玉糯100 Rongyunuo 100	376.17		11.83		9.24		54.08

Table 7

Fig. 2

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变异来源 Source of variation	自由度 df	抽雄期 DTT	吐丝期 DTS	散粉期 DTA	散粉吐丝间期 ASI	株高 PH	穗位高 EH	鲜苞穗重 FBEW	鲜穗重 FEW	鲜籽粒重 FKW	干籽粒重 DKW	出籽率 KR	含水量 WC	糖度 BR	皮渣率 RR	粗蛋白 CP	粗淀粉 CS	粗脂肪 CF
年份 Year	1	169.23***	131.96***	172.09***	1.86	8.30**	44.19***	23.64***	9.40**	3.56	1.35	0.27	4.86*	15.80***	1.74	5.91*	488.14***	11.40*
材料 Line	48	10.04***	7.51***	8.07***	3.12***	25.96***	19.71***	10.29***	10.17***	4.01***	2.82***	3.75***	3.78***	5.66***	7.05***	4.07***	1.65*	3.69***
年份×材料 Year×Line	48	1.52	0.93	1.01	1.17	1.29	1.44	1.43	1.91**	1.57*	1.61*	1.16	1.03	1.07	1.78*	1.58*	1.06	1.36

变异来源 Source of variation	自由度 df	抽雄期 DTT	吐丝期 DTS	散粉期 DTA	散粉吐丝间期 ASI	株高 PH	穗位高 EH	鲜苞穗重 FBEW	鲜穗重 FEW	鲜籽粒重 FKW	干籽粒重 DKW	出籽率 KR	含水量 WC	糖度 BR	皮渣率 RR	粗蛋白 CP	粗淀粉 CS	粗脂肪 CF
年份 Year	1	134.65***	121.92***	146.07***	9.52**	44.24***	141.28***	35.20***	18.45***	5.62*	8.89**	0.19	7.90**	18.53***	28.81***	3.65	798.90***	6.82*
材料 Line	70	14.54***	11.49***	10.92***	1.78**	26.24***	20.11**	6.11***	5.76***	2.83***	2.70***	3.01***	13.10***	3.31***	4.36***	5.21***	2.81***	2.10***
年份×材料 Year×Line	70	0.78	0.61	0.97	1	0.87	1.47*	0.79	1.03	0.79	0.74	0.91	1.85**	1.16	2.11***	1.64**	1.82**	1.02

Investigation on Important Target Traits and Breeding Potential of 120 Sweet and Waxy Maize Inbred Lines in the South of China

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性状 Traits	类型 Types	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	变幅 Range	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)	广义遗传力H² Broad-sense heritability(H²)
抽雄期 DTT (d)	S	70.2±4.3	55.5—77.3	6.2	0.85
抽雄期 DTT (d)	W	71.4±3.8	48.8—78.5	5.3	0.94
吐丝期 DTS (d)	S	74.8±4.1	60.5—81.0	5.5	0.87
吐丝期 DTS (d)	W	74.1±3.6	58.3—82.8	4.9	0.93
散粉期 DTA (d)	S	73.8±3.7	61.8—80.3	5.0	0.88
散粉期 DTA (d)	W	73.7±3.3	57.8—81.5	4.5	0.91
散粉吐丝间期ASI (d)	S	1.4±1.0	0.3—6.3	68.7	0.63
散粉吐丝间期ASI (d)	W	1.0±0.6	0.0—3.5	60.8	0.44
株高 PH (cm)	S	161.4±32.2	106.5—226.3	20.0	0.95
株高 PH (cm)	W	171.6±27.4	109.3—223.9	16.0	0.96
穗位高 EH (cm)	S	52.4±17.4	19.0—91.6	33.1	0.93
穗位高 EH (cm)	W	67.3±17.1	22.7—129.4	25.4	0.93
鲜苞穗重 FBEW (g)	S	212.5±71.4	102.0—356.8	33.6	0.87
鲜苞穗重 FBEW (g)	W	180.8±45.2	59.2—293.7	25.0	0.86
鲜穗重 FEW (g)	S	129.2±45.6	43.0—225.6	35.3	0.82
鲜穗重 FEW (g)	W	109.2±30.4	46.2—215.2	27.8	0.83
鲜籽粒重 FKW (g)	S	70.7±27.4	5.0—125.5	38.7	0.62
鲜籽粒重 FKW (g)	W	58.9±17.8	18.6—123.3	30.2	0.69
干籽粒重 DKW (g)	S	17.2±6.0	1.1—26.8	34.6	0.41
干籽粒重 DKW (g)	W	23.5±7.2	7.6—45.6	30.8	0.68
出籽率 KR (%)	S	53.2±11.4	6.4—70.6	21.4	0.71
出籽率 KR (%)	W	53.5±9.0	32.5—68.7	16.8	0.69
含水量 WC (%)	S	75.0±3.3	66.0—80.2	4.3	0.75
含水量 WC (%)	W	60.0±4.3	48.8—68.2	7.1	0.87
糖度 BR (%)	S	17.7±1.8	14.2—23.9	10.0	0.84
糖度 BR (%)	W	15.3±1.5	10.2—18.8	10.1	0.66
皮渣率 RR (%)	S	11.2±2.2	7.0—15.9	19.9	0.78
皮渣率 RR (%)	W	9.7±2.3	6.4—19.5	23.7	0.55
粗蛋白 CP (%)	S	9.0±1.1	6.3—12.7	12.4	0.67
粗蛋白 CP (%)	W	10.5±1.1	8.0—12.9	10.0	0.69
粗淀粉 CS (%)	S	67.8±1.2	64.3—71.4	1.8	0.35
粗淀粉 CS (%)	W	69.1±1.0	66.3—71.1	1.4	0.35
粗脂肪 CF (%)	S	3.4±0.4	2.8—4.2	11.8	0.68
粗脂肪 CF (%)	W	2.8±0.3	1.9—3.5	10.3	0.51

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