中国玉米品种保护现状分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.06.002

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Protection of new varieties of plants can protect the legal rights of seed breeders, promote industrialization and modernization of the seed industry, and as a result further develop agriculture and guarantee food security of the country. The paper aims at a better understanding of current status of maize seed industry in China from the aspect of intellectual property rights, by analyzing the data of maize variety protection and the effort of protection of new varieties of plants carried out on Zea mays L..【Method】The paper summarized in one table the maize variety data of protection of new varieties of plants during the last 20 years, acquired through material search, collection and data verification from sources such as variety rights notices, by statistics analysis of 9 kinds of maize variety protection. 【Result】 From 1999 to 2018, the applications for 7 570 maize varieties have been accepted for the protection of new varieties of plants and those for 3 609 maize varieties have been granted. The ratio of applications for hybrids to those for inbred lines is 1.33 to 1, yet the ratio of granted numbers is 1.88 to 1. By the end of 2018, protection of 3 060 maize varieties are in process of application, that of 2 448 already authorized, that of 901 in process of withdrawal, and that of 1 161 terminated, with an average evaluation time of 3.9 years. 1 340 units or persons filed applications, with seeds enterprises and scientific research institutes taking up 65.0% and 28.4%, respectively; 739 organizations or individuals has been granted with maize variety protection as the owner of such variety, among which, seeds enterprises and scientific research institutions take up a proportion of 59.7% and 33.9%, respectively. Beijing tops among all the provinces in the numbers of both applicators and authorization holders, while none shows in Jiangxi, Qinghai, Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.【Conclusion】Maize is the species with the largest number of applications and authorizations for protection of new varieties of plants in China. Maize varieties protection applications show, in terms of time, the trend of three distinct periods, i.e. the starting, stable and blowout periods, and the authorizations show the trend of four phases, i.e. unstable, peak, trough and steadily-increasing phases. In terms of space, it shows the trend of a majority of applicants and authorized organizations or individuals located in Northeast China, North China and the Huang-Huai-Hai region. Hybrids take up more proportion in both application and authorization, but the attention to inbred lines keeps increasing year by year. The seeds enterprises are the major applicators and authorized organizations, yet the scientific research institutions show a higher rate of granting. Generally speaking, the seed breeding units now pay more attention to maize variety protection, but the quality of varieties for application shall be further improved; the approving authorities are faced with plenty of needs for high efficiency; there is still some room for the foreign companies to improve their involvement in maize variety protection in China.

Key words: maize, protection of new varieties of plants, transaction number, variety count, variety type, variety protection status

Yang YANG,HongLi TIAN,HongMei YI,YaWei LIU,Jie REN,Rui WANG,Lu WANG,JiuRan ZHAO,FengGe WANG. Analysis of the Current Status of Protection of Maize Varieties in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(6): 1095-1107.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.06.002

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2020/V53/I6/1095

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

References 31

[1]	蒋和平, 孙炜琳 . 我国农业植物新品种保护的现状与对策. 农业科技管理, 2001,20(6):12-18.
	JIANG H P, SUN W L . Current situation and countermeasures on the protection of new varieties of agricultural plants in our country. Management of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2001,20(6):12-18. (in Chinese)
[2]	李晓辉, 李新海, 张世煌 . 植物新品种保护与DUS测试技术. 中国农业科学, 2003,36(11):1419-1422.
	LI X H, LI X H, ZHANG S H . New plant variety protection and DUS testing technique system. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2003,36(11):1419-1422. (in Chinese)
[3]	张建华, 王建军, 杨晓洪, 华秋瑾, 徐转, 王江民 . DUS测试与植物新品种保护. 西南农业学报, 2006,19(B09):291-297.
	ZHANG J H, WANG J J, YANG X H, HUA Q J, XU Z, WANG J M . DUS testing technique and new plant variety protection. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2006,19(B09):291-297. (in Chinese)
[4]	吕凤金 . 植物新品种保护对我国种子产业的影响研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2006.
	LÜ F J . Research on the effect of PVP on seed industry in China[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. (in Chinese)
[5]	TRIPP R, LOUWAARS N, EATON D . Plant variety protection in developing countries. A report from the field. Food Policy, 2007,32(3):354-371.
[6]	张雪清, 李万良, 张岩, 高敬伟 . 玉米品种权申请的统计与分析. 玉米科学, 2007(1):147-149.
	ZHANG X Q, LI W L, ZHANG Y, GAO J W . Statistics and analysis of maize variety right application. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2007(1):147-149. (in Chinese)
[7]	滕海涛, 吕波, 赵久然, 徐岩, 堵苑苑, 王凤格, 杨坤, 唐浩 . 玉米种业与植物新品种权保护. 作物杂志, 2008(4):1-4.
	TENG H T, LÜ B, ZHAO J R, XU Y, DU Y Y, WANG F G, YANG K, TANG H . Maize seed industry and protection of new varieties of plants. Crops, 2008(4):1-4. (in Chinese)
[8]	陈会英, 周衍平, 赵瑞莹 . 植物品种权人出让品种权的意愿、动机和行为——基于14个省(市)的问卷调查与深度访谈. 中国农村观察, 2010(3):24-36.
	CHEN H Y, ZHOU Y P, ZHAO R Y . Intention, motivation and behavior of the plant variety owner to transfer the plant variety right-based on questionnaire survey and in-depth interview in 14 provinces (cities). China Rural Survey, 2010(3):24-36. (in Chinese)
[9]	杨忠萍 . 植物品种保护、品种审定与品种认定. 热带农业科技, 2010(1):48-49.
	YANG Z P . Plant variety protection, variety identification and variety certification. Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology, 2010(1):48-49. (in Chinese)
[10]	唐浩, 张新明 . 我国种子企业植物新品种保护中的问题与对策. 中国种业, 2011(5):4-6.
	TANG H, ZHANG X M . Problems and countermeasures in the protection of new varieties of plants in seed enterprises in China. China Seed Industry, 2011(5):4-6. (in Chinese)
[11]	倪建平, 李黎红, 陈乾 . 我国水稻新品种权保护现状与改进建议. 中国稻米, 2011(6):21-24.
	NI J P, LI L H, CHEN G . Present situation and improvement suggestion of new rice varieties protection in China. China Rice, 2011(6):21-24. (in Chinese)
[12]	王永红, 周衍平 . 玉米品种权许可方式与策略研究. 中国种业, 2012(4):11-14.
	WANG Y H, ZHOU Y P . Research on ways and strategies of maize variety right licensing. China Seed Industry, 2012(4):11-14. (in Chinese)
[13]	李晓飞 . 浅谈植物新品种保护和品种审定之异同. 种子科技, 2012(1):22.
	LI X F . Differences between varieties protection and varieties accreditation. Seed Sciences & Technology, 2012(1):22. (in Chinese)
[14]	胡凯, 张鹏 . 我国植物新品种权申请授权状况分析. 技术经济与管理研究, 2013(1):124-128.
	HU K, ZHANG P . Analyse on the application and authorization of new varieties of plants in China. Journal of Technical Economics & Management, 2013(1):124-128. (in Chinese)
[15]	刘海燕 . 我国玉米品种权保护现状及建设. 黑龙江农业科学, 2013(7):141-144.
	LIU H Y . Current situation and suggestions on the protection of maize variety rights in China. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2013(7):141-144. (in Chinese)
[16]	卓文飞 . 我国植物新品种保护及农作物新品种权研究. 种业导刊, 2015(12):14-19.
	ZHUO W F . Study on the new plant variety protection and property of the national authorized crop varieties in China. Journal of Seed Industry Guide, 2015(12):14-19. (in Chinese)
[17]	崔野韩, 温雯, 陈红, 杨扬, 堵苑苑, 卢新 . 我国农业植物新品种保护工作回顾与展望. 中国种业, 2019(2):9-11.
	CUI Y H, WEN W, CHEN H, YANG Y, DU Y Y, LU X . Review and prospect of the protection of new varieties of agricultural plants in China. China Seed Industry, 2019(2):9-11. (in Chinese)
[18]	崔野韩, 杨扬 . 欧盟植物新品种保护制度概述及其借鉴. 中国种业, 2018(12):14-16.
	CUI Y H, YANG Y . Introduction to the protection system of new plant varieties in EU and its reference. China Seed Industry, 2018(12):14-16. (in Chinese)
[19]	KAHLER A L, KAHLER J L, THOMPSON S A, FERRISS R S, JONES E S, NELSON B K, MIKEL M A, SMITH S . North American study on essential derivation in maize: II. Selection and evaluation of a panel of simple sequence repeat loci. Crop Science, 2010,50(2):486-503.
[20]	ROUSSELLE Y, JONES E, CHARCOSSET A, MOREAU P, ROBBINS K, STICH B, KNAAK C, FLAMENT P, KARAMAN Z, MARTINANT J, FOURNEAU M, TAILLARDAT A, ROMESTANT M, TABEL C, BERTRAN J, RANC N, LESPINASSE D, BLANCHARD P, KAHLER A, CHEN J, KAHLER J, DOBRIN S, WARNER T, FERRIS R, SMITH S . Study on essential derivation in maize: III. Selection and evaluation of a panel of single nucleotide polymorphism loci for use in European and North American germplasm. Crop Science, 2015,55(3):1170.
[21]	BERNARDO R, KAHLER A L . North American study on essential derivation in maize: inbreds developed without and with selection from F₂ populations. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2001,102(6/7):986-992.
[22]	HECKENBERGER M, MUMINOVIĆ J, Van Der VOORT J R, PELEMAN J, BOHN M, MELCHINGER A E . Identification of essentially derived varieties obtained from biparental crosses of homozygous lines. III. AFLP data from maize inbreds and comparison with SSR data. Molecular Breeding, 2006,17(2):111-125.
[23]	HECKENBERGER M, BOHN M, KLEIN D, MELCHINGER A E . Identification of essentially derived varieties obtained from biparental crosses of homozygous lines: II. Morphological distances and heterosis in comparison with simple sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism data in maize. Crop Science, 2005,45(3):1132-1140.
[24]	杨扬 . 农业品种权申请审批情况分析及建议. 种子世界, 2014(3):6-8.
	YANG Y . Analysis and suggestion on application and approval of agricultural variety right. Seed World, 2014(3):6-8. (in Chinese)
[25]	王凤格, 赵久然, 易红梅, 宋伟 . DNA指纹技术在玉米品种权保护中的应用. 玉米科学, 2009(6):136-139.
	WANG F G, ZHAO J R, YI H M, SONG W . Application of DNA fingerprint technology on maize varieties protection. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2009(6):136-139. (in Chinese)
[26]	HECKENBERGER M, Van Der VOORT J R, PELEMAN J, BOHN M . Variation of DNA fingerprints among accessions within maize inbred lines and implications for identification of essentially derived varieties: II. Genetic and technical sources of variation in AFLP data and comparison with SSR data. Molecular Breeding, 2003,12(2):97-106.
[27]	HECKENBERGER M, BOHN M, ZIEGLE J S, JOE L K, HAUSER J D, HUTTON M, MELCHINGER A E . Variation of DNA fingerprints among accessions within maize inbred lines and implications for identification of essentially derived varieties. Molecular Breeding, 2002,10(4):181-191.
[28]	杨海涛, 赵久然, 杨凤玲, 王凤格, 宋伟, 陈红 . 我国玉米品种权保护现状、问题与建议. 种子, 2015(9):71-73.
	YANG H T, ZHAO J R, YANG F L, WANG F G, SONG W, CHEN H . Present condition, problems and advices for protection of maize variety rights in China. Seed, 2015(9):71-73. (in Chinese)
[29]	JAMALI S H, COCKRAM J, HICKEY L T . Insights into deployment of DNA markers in plant variety protection and registration. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2019,132(7):1911-1929.
[30]	HALL B D, FOX R, ZHANG Q, BAUMGARTEN A, NELSON B, CUMMINGS J, DRAKE B, PHILLIPS D, HAYES K, BEATTY M, ZASTROW-HAYES G, ZEKA B, HAZEBROEK J, SMITH S . Comparison of genotypic and expression data to determine distinctness among inbred lines of maize for granting of plant variety protection. Crop Science, 2016,56(4):1443-1459.
[31]	李菊丹 . 我国农业植物新品种保护问题与对策研究——以品种权申请授权数据统计为基础进行分析. 知识产权, 2019(5):70-82.
	LI J D . Research on the protection of new varieties of agricultural plants in China and countermeasures -- based on the statistics of application and authorization of variety right. Intellectual Property, 2019(5):70-82. (in Chinese)

Related Articles 15

[1]	CHAI HaiYan,JIA Jiao,BAI Xue,MENG LingMin,ZHANG Wei,JIN Rong,WU HongBin,SU QianFu. Identification of Pathogenic Fusarium spp. Causing Maize Ear Rot and Susceptibility of Some Strains to Fungicides in Jilin Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 64-78.
[2]	ZHAO ZhengXin,WANG XiaoYun,TIAN YaJie,WANG Rui,PENG Qing,CAI HuanJie. Effects of Straw Returning and Nitrogen Fertilizer Types on Summer Maize Yield and Soil Ammonia Volatilization Under Future Climate Change [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 104-117.
[3]	LI ZhouShuai,DONG Yuan,LI Ting,FENG ZhiQian,DUAN YingXin,YANG MingXian,XU ShuTu,ZHANG XingHua,XUE JiQuan. Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Yield and Combining Ability Based on Maize Hybrid Population [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(9): 1695-1709.
[4]	XIONG WeiYi,XU KaiWei,LIU MingPeng,XIAO Hua,PEI LiZhen,PENG DanDan,CHEN YuanXue. Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Levels on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Spring Maize in Sichuan Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(9): 1735-1748.
[5]	LI YiLing,PENG XiHong,CHEN Ping,DU Qing,REN JunBo,YANG XueLi,LEI Lu,YONG TaiWen,YANG WenYu. Effects of Reducing Nitrogen Application on Leaf Stay-Green, Photosynthetic Characteristics and System Yield in Maize-Soybean Relay Strip Intercropping [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(9): 1749-1762.
[6]	MA XiaoYan,YANG Yu,HUANG DongLin,WANG ZhaoHui,GAO YaJun,LI YongGang,LÜ Hui. Annual Nutrients Balance and Economic Return Analysis of Wheat with Fertilizers Reduction and Different Rotations [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1589-1603.
[7]	LI Qian,QIN YuBo,YIN CaiXia,KONG LiLi,WANG Meng,HOU YunPeng,SUN Bo,ZHAO YinKai,XU Chen,LIU ZhiQuan. Effect of Drip Fertigation Mode on Maize Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Economic Benefit [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1604-1616.
[8]	ZHANG JiaHua,YANG HengShan,ZHANG YuQin,LI CongFeng,ZHANG RuiFu,TAI JiCheng,ZHOU YangChen. Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Modes on Starch Accumulation and Activities of Starch Synthesis-Related Enzyme of Spring Maize Grain in Northeast China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(7): 1332-1345.
[9]	TAN XianMing,ZHANG JiaWei,WANG ZhongLin,CHEN JunXu,YANG Feng,YANG WenYu. Prediction of Maize Yield in Relay Strip Intercropping Under Different Water and Nitrogen Conditions Based on PLS [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(6): 1127-1138.
[10]	LIU Miao,LIU PengZhao,SHI ZuJiao,WANG XiaoLi,WANG Rui,LI Jun. Critical Nitrogen Dilution Curve and Nitrogen Nutrition Diagnosis of Summer Maize Under Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application Rates [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(5): 932-947.
[11]	QIAO Yuan,YANG Huan,LUO JinLin,WANG SiXian,LIANG LanYue,CHEN XinPing,ZHANG WuShuai. Inputs and Ecological Environment Risks Assessment of Maize Production in Northwest China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(5): 962-976.
[12]	HUANG ZhaoFu, LI LuLu, HOU LiangYu, GAO Shang, MING Bo, XIE RuiZhi, HOU Peng, WANG KeRu, XUE Jun, LI ShaoKun. Accumulated Temperature Requirement for Field Stalk Dehydration After Maize Physiological Maturity in Different Planting Regions [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(4): 680-691.
[13]	FANG MengYing,LU Lin,WANG QingYan,DONG XueRui,YAN Peng,DONG ZhiQiang. Effects of Ethylene-Chlormequat-Potassium on Root Morphological Construction and Yield of Summer Maize with Different Nitrogen Application Rates [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(24): 4808-4822.
[14]	DU WenTing,LEI XiaoXiao,LU HuiYu,WANG YunFeng,XU JiaXing,LUO CaiXia,ZHANG ShuLan. Effects of Reducing Nitrogen Application Rate on the Yields of Three Major Cereals in China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(24): 4863-4878.
[15]	YI YingJie,HAN Kun,ZHAO Bin,LIU GuoLi,LIN DianXu,CHEN GuoQiang,REN Hao,ZHANG JiWang,REN BaiZhao,LIU Peng. The Comparison of Ammonia Volatilization Loss in Winter Wheat- Summer Maize Rotation System with Long-Term Different Fertilization Measures [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4600-4613.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Analysis of the Current Status of Protection of Maize Varieties in China

RichHTML

PDF