商品有机肥替代化肥对作物产量和土壤肥力的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.11.011

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The three-year continuous field experiment under winter wheat-summer maize rotation system was carried out in North China Plain, to study the effects of commercial organic fertilizer substituting chemical fertilizer on crop yields and soil fertility. Thus, the aim of present study was achieved to provide academic and practical evidence for fertilizer application.【Method】The treatments included the following three treatments: control (T1, no fertilizer added), conventional dosage of inorganic fertilizer (T2), and commercial organic fertilizer partial substituting chemical fertilizer (T3) (The substituting ratio of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O were 11.3%, 13.7%, 58.8%, respectively). In addition, the application amount of total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium between T2 and T3 kept the same. During the mature period, crop yield, yield composition and soil fertility under different treatment were investigated. 【Result】 The results were shown as: (1) The three-year average yield of winter wheat and summer maize under T3 treatment were 7 700 kg·hm^-2and 9 175 kg·hm^-2, respectively (higher than no fertilizer treatment by 259%, 161%, respectively). (2) Compared with chemical fertilizer treatment, commercial organic fertilizer partially substituting chemical fertilizer application had no significant difference in spike numbers, grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight of winter wheat or summer maize. (3) After three-year cultivation, compared with chemical fertilizer application alone, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content of commercial organic fertilizer partially substituting chemical fertilizer treatment increased by 19.5% and 12.3%, respectively.【Conclusion】Compared with no fertilizer treatment, fertilizer application could significantly increase crop production. Moreover, commercial organic fertilizer partially substituting chemical fertilizer maintained crop yield, and also improved soil fertility, which was beneficial to the sustainable utilization of soil resource. Therefore, commercial organic fertilizer partially substituting chemical fertilizer is a scientific strategy for fertilizer application in North China Plain.

Key words: commercial organic fertilizer, winter wheat-summer maize rotation system, yield, soil fertility, North China Plain

WEN YanChen, ZHANG YueDong, YUAN Liang, LI Wei1, LI YanQing, LIN ZhiAn, ZHAO BingQiang. Crop Yield and Soil Fertility Response to Commercial Organic Fertilizer Substituting Chemical Fertilizer[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(11): 2136-2142.

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