氮肥运筹对糜子生育后期干物质积累与转运及叶片氮素代谢的调控效应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.06.004

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The propose of this study was to investigate the basis of nutritional requirement and supply on high quality of broomcorn millet through studying structure characteristics of dry matter and regularity of nitrogen metabolism in functional leaves of broomcorn millet at late growth stage under different nitrogen levels.【Method】Broomcorn millet cultivar of Yumi2 was selected as the material in a field experiment from 2015 to 2016. Dry matter accumulation, distribution and transportation were conducted at heading stage, flowering stage, filling stage and maturity stage under different nitrogen levels of 60 kg·hm^-2 (N1), 105 kg·hm^-2 (N2), 150 kg·hm^-2 (N3), 195 kg·hm^-2 (N4), and glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, free amino acids and soluble protein content in functional leaves were detected, as well as yield and yield components were analyzed. The correlation between the dry matter accumulation, transportation of broomcorn millet and nitrogen metabolism of the leaves or yield were summarized.【Result】The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter of above-ground organs increased with increasing N application rates up to 150 kg·hm-2, and then decreased when N application rate was 195 kg·hm^-2. The stem dry weight, leaves dry weight, sheath dry weight and spike dry weight under N3 treatment increased 51.2%, 40.8%, 64.2% and 41.3%, respectively, compared with the non-fertilization treatment at the flowering stage. Transportations of dry matters in different organs were improved by applying nitrogen fertilizer. Distribution rate of aboveground organs were increased to grain after heading, which increased 9.6% under N3 treatment, compared with the non-fertilization treatment. The GS activity, NR activity, free amino acid and soluble protein content in different leaves were upward-declined under nitrogen treatment. Nitrogen metabolism activities were the flag leaves > the second leaves >the third leaves at the same period, among them, N3 treatment reached the maximum value, but the overall change of nitrogen metabolism was not affected in functional leaves. Compared with no nitrogen application, the nitrogen content of grain under N1, N2, N3 and N4 treatments increased by 4.0%, 6.0%, 7.8% and 8.9%, respectively, and the protein content of grain by nitrogen fertilizers were significantly increased by 3.89%, 5.75%, 7.54% and 8.59%, respectively. The length of millet, the number of stalks, the number of panicles and the grain weight and the yield were also significantly increased by nitrogen fertilizer. Compared with no nitrogen application, in 2015, yield of broomcorn millet under N1, N2, N3 and N4 treatments were significantly increased by 10.09%, 29.71%, 44.73% and 35.99%, respectively. In 2016, which were significantly increased by 19.08%, 30.60%, 65.85% and 39.14%, respectively. The biggest increase in virginity was N3 treatment in two years. Therefore, N3 treatment was the best effect on increasing yield. 【Conclusion】The dry matter accumulation, transportation and nitrogen metabolism in functional leaves of broomcorn millet could be promoted by nitrogen fertilizer at late growth stage, and yield and yield components could be improved. Under this experimental condition, N3 treatment (150 kg·hm^-2) was the suitable amount of nitrogen in Yulin, Shaanxi.

Key words: nitrogen fertilizer, broomcorn millet, dry matter, nitrogen metabolism

GONG XiangWei, HAN HaoKun, ZHANG DaZhong, LI Jing, WANG Meng, XUE ZhiHe, YANG Pu, GAO XiaoLi, FENG BaiLi. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Dry Matter Accumulation, Transportation and Nitrogen Metabolism in Functional Leaves of Broomcorn Millet at Late Growth Stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(6): 1045-1056.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.06.004

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2018/V51/I6/1045

References

[1] 柴岩. 中国小杂粮产业发展报告. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2007.

CHAI Y. Report for Chinese Minor Grain Crops Industry Development. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2007. (in Chinese)

[2] 柴岩, 冯佰利, 孙世贤. 中国小杂粮品种. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2007.

CHAI Y, FENG B L, SUN S X. Varieties of Minor Grain Crops in China. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2007. (in Chinese)

[3] 马文奇, 张福锁, 张卫锋. 关乎我国资源、环境、粮食安全和可持续发展的化肥产业. 资源科学, 2005, 27(3): 33-40.

MA W Q, ZHANG F S, ZHANG W F. Fertilizer production and consumption and the resources, environment, food security and sustainable development in China. Resources Science, 2005, 27(3): 33-40. (in Chinese)

[4] HIREL B, ANDRIEU B, RENARD S, ISABELLE Q, MICHAEL C, BERNARD P, CHRISTIAN F. Physiology of maize II: Identification of physiological markers representative of the nitrogen status of maize (Zea mays) leaves during grain filling. Physiologia Plantarum, 2005, 124(2): 178-188.

[5] FERGUSON R B, HERGERT G W, SCHEPERS J S. Site-specific nitrogen management of irrigated maize. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2002, 66(2): 544-553.

[6] DINNER D L. Review and interpretation: Nitrogen management strategies to reduce nitrate leaching in tile-drained midwestern soils. Agronomy Journal, 2002, 94(1): 153-171.

[7] LADHA J K, KRUPNIK T J, SIX J, KESSEL C V, PATHAK H. Efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in cereal production: Retrospects and prospects. Advances in Agronomy, 2005, 87: 85-156.

[8] 文熙宸, 王小春, 邓小燕, 张群, 蒲甜, 刘国丹, 杨文钰. 玉米-大豆套作模式下氮肥运筹对玉米产量及干物质积累与转运的影响. 作物学报, 2015, 41(3): 448-457.

WEN X C, WANG X C, DENG X Y, ZHANG Q, PU T, LIU G D, YANG W Y. Effects of nitrogen management on yield and dry matter accumulation and translocation of maize in maize-soybean relay-cropping system. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2015, 41(3): 448-457. (in Chinese)

[9] 吴光磊, 郭立月, 崔正勇, 李勇, 尹燕枰, 王振林, 蒋高明. 氮肥运筹对晚播冬小麦氮素和干物质积累与转运的影响. 生态学报, 2012, 32(16):5128-5137.

WU G L, GUO L Y, CUI Z Y, LI Y, YIN Y P, WANG Z L, JIANG G M. Differential effects of nitrogen managements on nitrogen, dry matter accumulation and transportation in late-sowing winter wheat. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(16): 5128-5137. (in Chinese)

[10] 彭显龙, 刘元英, 罗盛国, 范立春, 宋添星, 郭艳文. 实地氮肥管理对寒地水稻干物质积累和产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39(11): 2286-2293.

PENG X L, LIU Y Y, LUO S G, FAN L C, SONG T X, GUO Y W. Effects of the site-specific nitrogen management on yield and dry matter accumulation of rice in cold areas of northeastern China. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2006, 39(11): 2286-2293. (in Chinese)

[11] 王雪, 张阔, 孙志梅, 苗泽兰, 刘欢, 马文奇. 氮素水平对萝卜干物质累积特征及源库活性的影响. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(21): 4300-4308.

WANG X, ZHANG K, SUN Z M, MIAO Z L, LIU H, MA W Q. Effects of nitrogen levels on characteristics of dry matter accumulation and source-sink activities of radish. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(21): 4300-4308. (in Chinese)

[12] JIE K, SUN Y, Zhou M, ZHANG P, ZUO Q, WU J, ZHOU G. The effect of nitrogen application and planting density on the radiation use efficiency and the stem lignin metabolism in rape seed (Brassica napus L.). Field Crops Research, 2016, 199: 89-98.

[13] 李飞, 杨铁钊, 张小全, 武云杰, 李丽华, 康雪莉, 符新妍, 宋洋洋. 不同施氮量烤烟氮素代谢差异及其对香气前体物形成的影响. 华北农学报, 2014, 29(1): 170-177.

LI F, YANG T Z, ZHANG X Q, WU Y J, LI L H, KANG X L, FU X Y, SONG Y Y. Flue-cured tobacco nitrogen metabolism differences and its influence on aroma precursors in different amount of nitrogen. Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica, 2014, 29(1): 170-177. (in Chinese)

[14] 张智猛, 万书波, 宁堂原, 戴良香. 氮素水平对花生氮素代谢及相关酶活性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(6): 1407-1416.

ZHANG Z M, WAN S B, NING T Y, DAI L X. Effects of nitrogen level on nitrogen metabolism and correlating enzyme activity in peanut. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(6): 1407-1416. (in Chinese)

[15] 王小纯, 王晓航, 熊淑萍, 马新明, 丁世杰, 吴克远, 郭建彪. 不同供氮水平下小麦品种的氮效率差异及其氮代谢特征. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(13): 2569-2579.

WANG X C, WANG X H, XIONG S P, MA X M, DING S J, WU K Y, GUO J B. Differences in nitrogen efficiency and nitrogen metabolism of wheat varieties under different nitrogen levels. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(13): 2569-2579. (in Chinese)

[16] AHANGER M A, AGARWAL R M. Salinity stress induced alterations in antioxidant metabolism and nitrogen assimilation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) as influenced by potassium supplementation. Plant Physiology & Biochemistry, 2017, 115: 449-460.

[17] TERRILE I I, MIRALLES D J, GONZALEZ F G. Fruiting efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L): Trait response to different growing conditions and its relation to spike dry weight at anthesis and grain weight at harvest. Field Crops Research, 2017, 200: 86-96.

[18] QIAO J, YANG L, YAN T, ZHAO D. Rice dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, soil mineral N around root and N leaching, with increasing application rates of fertilizer. European Journal of Agronomy, 2013, 49(4): 93-103.

[19] 张美俊, 乔治军, 杨武德, 陈凌, 冯美臣. 糜子氮、磷、钾肥的效应及优化研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(2): 347-353.

ZHANG M J, QIAO Z J, YANG W D, CHEN L, FENG M C. Effect of N, P and K fertilizer application and optimum rate for yield of millet. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2013, 19(2): 347-353. (in Chinese)

[20] 李合生. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000.

LI H S. Principles and Techniques of Plant Physiological Biochemical Experiment. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2000. (in Chinese)

[21] CREN M, HIREL B. Glutamine synthetase in higher plants: Regulation of gene and protein expression from the organ to the cell. Plant Cell Physiology, 1999, 40(12): 1187-1193.

[22] BRADFORD M M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem, 1976, 72(1/2): 248-254.

[23] WATTS D B, RUNION G B, BALKCOM K S. Nitrogen fertilizer sources and tillage effects on cotton growth, yield, and fiber quality in a coastal plain soil. Field Crops Research, 2017, 201: 184-191.

[24] 周瑜, 苏旺, 王舰, 屈洋, 高小丽, 杨璞, 冯佰利. 不同覆盖方式和施氮量对糜子光合特性及产量性状的影响. 作物学报, 2016, 42(6): 873-885.

ZHOU Y, SU W, WANG J, QU Y, GAO X L, YANG P, FENG B L. Effects of mulching and nitrogen application on photosynthetic characteristics and yield traits in broomcorn millet. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2016, 42(6): 873-885. (in Chinese)

[25] 王月福, 于振文, 李尚霞, 余松烈. 氮素营养水平对小麦开花后碳素同化、运转和产量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2002, 22(2): 55-59.

WANG Y F, YU Z W, LI S X, YU S L. Effect of nitrogen nutrition on carbon assimilation and transfer and yield after wheat anthesis. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2002, 22(2): 55-59. (in Chinese)

[26] TEKALIGN T, HAMMES P S. Growth and productivity of potato as influenced by cultivar and reproductive growth: I. Stomatal conductance, rate of transpiration, net photosynthesis, and dry matter production and allocation. Scientia Horticulturae, 2005, 105(1): 13-27.

[27] BARATI V, GHADIRI H, ZAND-PARSA S, KARIMIAN N. Nitrogen and water use efficiencies and yield response of barley cultivars under different irrigation and nitrogen regimes in a semi-arid Mediterranean climate. Archives of Agronomy & Soil Science, 2015, 61(1): 15-32.

[28] AZIZIAN A, SEPASKHAH A R. Maize response to different water, salinity and nitrogen levels yield-water relation, water-use and water uptake reduction function. International Journal of Plant Production, 2014, 8(2): 183-214.

[29] 李广浩, 刘娟, 董树亭, 刘鹏, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 石德杨. 密植与氮肥用量对不同耐密型夏玉米品种产量及氮素利用效率的影响. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(12): 2247-2258.

LI G H, LIU J, DONG S T, LIU P, ZHANG J W, ZAHO B, SHI D Y. Effects of close planting and nitrogen application rates on grain yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of different density-tolerance maize hybrids. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(12): 2247-2258. (in Chinese)

[30] 陈煜, 朱保葛, 张敬, 梁宗锁. 不同氮源对大豆硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性及蛋白质含量的影响. 大豆科学, 2004, 23(2): 143-146.

CHEN Y, ZHU B G, ZHANG J, LIANG Z S. Effects of different nitrogens on activities of nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase and seed protein contents in soybean cultivars. Soybean Science, 2004, 23(2): 143-146. (in Chinese)

[31] OLIVEIRA I C, BRENNER E, CHIU J, HSIEH M H, KOURANOY A, LAM H M, SHIN M J, CORUZZI G. Metabolite and light regulation of metabolism in plants: Lessons from the study of a single biochemical pathway. Brazilian Journal of Medical & Biological Research, 2001, 34(5): 567-575.

[32] 张智猛, 戴良香, 胡昌浩, 董树亭, 王空军. 氮素对不同类型玉米蛋白质及其组分和相关酶活性的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11(3):320-326.

ZHANG Z M, DAI L X, HU C H, DONG S T, WANG K J. Effects of nitrogen on the protein, protein constituents and relevant enzymes activity of maize. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2005, 11(3): 320-326. (in Chinese)

[33] 范雪梅, 姜东, 戴廷波, 荆奇, 曹卫星. 不同水分条件下氮素供应对小麦植株氮代谢及籽粒蛋白质积累的影响. 生态学杂志, 2006, 25(2):149-154.

FAN X M, JIANG D, DAI T B, JIN Q, CAO W X. Effects of nitrogen supply on nitrogen metabolism and grain protein accumulation of wheat under different water treatments. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2006, 25(2): 149-154. (in Chinese)

[34] 贾莉君, 范晓荣, 尹晓明, 曹云, 沈其荣. 微电极法测定水稻叶片液泡中硝酸根离子的再调动. 中国农业科学, 2005, 38(7): 1379-1385.

JIA L J, FAN X R, YIN X M, CAO Y, SHEN Q R. Remobilization of nitrate in rice leaf vacuoles measured with double-barrelled nitrate-selective microelectrodes. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2005, 38(7): 1379-1385. (in Chinese)

[35] 周俊国, 扈惠灵. NaCl胁迫下不同砧木对嫁接黄瓜叶片氮素代谢的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(5): 1217-1223.

ZHOU J G, HU H L. Effect of different roots tocks on nitrogen metabolism of grafted cucumber leaves under NaCl stress. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2010, 16(5): 1217-1223. (in Chinese)

[36] 王月福, 姜东, 于振文, 曹卫星. 氮素水平对小麦籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响及其生理基础. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36(5):513-520.

WANG Y F, JIANG D, YU Z W, CAO W X. Effects of nitrogen rates on grain yield and protein content of wheat and its physiological basis. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2003, 36(5): 513-520. (in Chinese)

[37] 王君杰, 王海岗, 陈凌, 曹晓宁, 田翔, 乔治军. 密度-氮肥互作对糜子光合特性及干物质积累的影响. 西北农业学报, 2014, 23(12): 83-89.

WANG J J, WANG H G, CHEN L, CAO X N, TIAN X, QIAO Z J. Effects of density and nitrogen fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of broomcorn millet. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica, 2014, 23(12): 83-89. (in Chinese)

[38] 张盼盼, 周瑜, 宋慧, 乔治军, 王海岗, 郑殿峰, 冯佰利. 不同肥力水平下糜子生长状况及农田小气候特征比较. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(2): 473-480.

ZHANG P P, ZHOU Y, SONG H, QIAO Z J, WANG H G, ZHENG D F, FENG B L. Comparison of growth and field microclimate characteristics of broomcorn millet under different fertilization conditions. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(2): 473-480. (in Chinese)

Related Articles 15

[1]	LI YiLing,PENG XiHong,CHEN Ping,DU Qing,REN JunBo,YANG XueLi,LEI Lu,YONG TaiWen,YANG WenYu. Effects of Reducing Nitrogen Application on Leaf Stay-Green, Photosynthetic Characteristics and System Yield in Maize-Soybean Relay Strip Intercropping [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(9): 1749-1762.
[2]	SANG ShiFei,CAO MengYu,WANG YaNan,WANG JunYi,SUN XiaoHan,ZHANG WenLing,JI ShengDong. Research Progress of Nitrogen Efficiency Related Genes in Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1479-1491.
[3]	YI YingJie,HAN Kun,ZHAO Bin,LIU GuoLi,LIN DianXu,CHEN GuoQiang,REN Hao,ZHANG JiWang,REN BaiZhao,LIU Peng. The Comparison of Ammonia Volatilization Loss in Winter Wheat- Summer Maize Rotation System with Long-Term Different Fertilization Measures [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4600-4613.
[4]	XiaoFan LI,JingYi SHAO,WeiZhen YU,Peng LIU,Bin ZHAO,JiWang ZHANG,BaiZhao REN. Combined Effects of High Temperature and Drought on Yield and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Summer Maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(18): 3516-3529.
[5]	HAN ShouWei,SI JiSheng,YU WeiBao,KONG LingAn,ZHANG Bin,WANG FaHong,ZHANG HaiLin,ZHAO Xin,LI HuaWei,MENG Yu. Mechanisms Analysis on Yield Gap and Nitrogen Use Efficiency Gap of Winter Wheat in Shandong Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(16): 3110-3122.
[6]	YUAN Cheng,ZHANG MingCong,WANG MengXue,HUANG BingLin,XIN MingQiang,YIN XiaoGang,HU GuoHua,ZHANG YuXian. Effects of Intertillage Time and Depth on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield Formation of Soybean [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(15): 2911-2926.
[7]	CHEN Yang,XU MengZe,WANG YuHong,BAI YouLu,LU YanLi,WANG Lei. Quantitative Study on Effective Accumulated Temperature and Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation of Summer Maize Under Different Nitrogen Supply Levels [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(15): 2973-2987.
[8]	ZHANG XueLin,HE TangQing,ZHANG ChenXi,TIAN MingHui,LI XiaoLi,WU Mei,ZHOU YaNan,HAO XiaoFeng. Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Soil N₂O Emissions During Maize Growth Periods [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(10): 2000-2012.
[9]	LÜ TengFei,SHEN Jie,MA Peng,DAI Zou,YANG ZhiYuan,XU Hui,ZHENG ChuanGang,MA Jun. Effects of Combined Application of Slow Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and Urea on the Nitrogen Utilization Characteristics in Machine- Transplanted Hybrid Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(7): 1410-1423.
[10]	PENG BiLin,LI MeiJuan,HU XiangYu,ZHONG XuHua,TANG XiangRu,LIU YanZhuo,LIANG KaiMing,PAN JunFeng,HUANG NongRong,FU YouQiang,HU Rui. Effects of Simplified Nitrogen Managements on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Double-Cropping Rice in South China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(7): 1424-1438.
[11]	HAN ZhanYu,WU ChunYan,XU YanQiu,HUANG FuDeng,XIONG YiQin,GUAN XianYue,ZHOU LuJian,PAN Gang,CHENG FangMin. Effects of High-Temperature at Filling Stage on Grain Storage Protein Accumulation and Its Biosynthesis Metabolism for Rice Plants Under Different Nitrogen Application Levels [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(7): 1439-1454.
[12]	Qian CAI,ZhanXiang SUN,JiaMing ZHENG,WenBin WANG,Wei BAI,LiangShan FENG,Ning YANG,WuYan XIANG,Zhe ZHANG,Chen FENG. Dry Matter Accumulation, Allocation, Yield and Productivity of Maize- Soybean Intercropping Systems in the Semi-Arid Region of Western Liaoning Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(5): 909-920.
[13]	ZHOU YongJie,XIE JunHong,LI LingLing,WANG LinLin,LUO ZhuZhu,WANG JinBin. Effects of Long-Term Reduce/Zero Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilizer Reducing on Maize Yield and Soil Carbon Emission Under Fully Plastic Mulched Ridge-Furrow Planting System [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(23): 5054-5067.
[14]	WANG JunJie,TIAN Xiang,QIN HuiBin,WANG HaiGang,CAO XiaoNing,CHEN Ling,LIU SiChen,QIAO ZhiJun. Regulation Effects of Photoperiod on Growth and Leaf Endogenous Hormones in Broomcorn Millet [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(2): 286-295.
[15]	LI Ming,LI YingChun,NIU XiaoGuang,MA Fen,WEI Na,HAO XingYu,DONG LiBing,GUO LiPing. Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO₂ Concentration and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Yield of Summer Maize and Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism After Flowering [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(17): 3647-3665.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Dry Matter Accumulation, Transportation and Nitrogen Metabolism in Functional Leaves of Broomcorn Millet at Late Growth Stage

RichHTML

PDF

Cited