黑土细菌及真菌群落对长期施肥响应的差异及其驱动因素

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.05.010

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】This study was conducted to explore the bacterial and fungal community responses to long-term chemical fertilizer and manure application, and thus to clarify the biological mechanism of fertilization on soil fertility in black soils. It aims to provide a theoretical support for rational application of fertilizer and black soil fertility improvement. 【Method】The study was conducted on the long-term fertilization (35 years) experiment at Harbin, China. Soil samples were collected from the following four treatments: control, non-fertilization (CK), chemical nitrogen fertilizer (N), manure only (M) and M plus N (MN). Miseq pro-sequencing and qPCR technology were used to find out the difference between bacterial and fungal communities. In combination with soil properties, we analyzed the driving factors for bacterial and fungal community by multivariate statistical analysis. 【Result】Compared with CK, N treatment significantly decreased bacterial diversity and fungal diversity by 13.2%-48.5% and 4.6%-80.3%, respectively, while fungal abundance was increased by 24 times. Applied manure to N fertilization enhanced bacterial abundance and bacterial diversity by 2 times and 7.7%-46.6%, respectively. However, fungal quantity was declined by 14.2% and fungal diversity was increased by 62%-237%, comparing MN with N only fertilizer. In comparison with CK, the abundance of Acidobacteria_Gp1, Gp3 and α-Proteobacteria (bacterial classes) were significantly increased, and Agaricomycetes (fungal class) even was enhanced by 41 times with the addition of N. Compared with N treatment, the bacterial abundance kept constant for MN treatment, while the abundance of α-Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria_Gp1 and Gp3 were decreased, and Acidobacteria_Gp4, GP6 and Plancomycetes were increased for M treatment. Bacterial community structure for MN and N treatments appeared similar, which were significantly different from CK and M treatments. Fungal community structure for CK, M and MN treatments were similar and significantly different from N treatment. Soil pH (6.07) and available potassium (125.5 g·kg^-1) were the principal factors for the difference of bacterial community and fungal community, respectively. Soil organic matter explained both bacterial and fungal community structure alternations while the criteria was different as 28.4 g·kg^-1for bacteria and 30.8 g·kg^-1 for fungi. 【Conclusion】Therefore, our results indicate that bacteria was sensitive to the manure, and fungi was sensitive to N fertilizer application. Long term N application stimulated the growth of acidophilic microbe, while addition of manure to N enhanced microbial diversity and promoted the growth of beneficial microorganism. Soil pH and available potassium were the principal factors driving bacterial and fungal community structure, respectively. Further detailed study is required on this aspect for the improvement of black soil quality.

Key words: bacteria, fungi, long-term fertilization, Mesiq pro-sequencing, qPCR, black soil

WANG HuiYing, XU MingGang, ZHOU BaoKu, MA Xiang, DUAN YingHua. Response and Driving Factors of Bacterial and Fungal Community to Long-Term Fertilization in Black Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(5): 914-925.

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