土壤含水量对硝化和反硝化过程N2O排放及同位素特征值的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.24.008

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this paper is to understand the contribution of microbial processes to N₂O production and its changing rules under different water contents to provide a theoretical basis for reducing agricultural N₂O emissions. 【Method】A microcosm experiment was performed to investigate the effects of different water-filled pore space on N₂O emissions and isotopic signatures (δ¹⁵N^bulk, δ¹⁸O and nitrogen isotopomer site preference of N₂O) of soil at Shunyi district, Beijing. The study combined stable isotope technique and gas inhibitor method to analyze N₂O flux and its isotope signatures that emitted from soil. The experiment was set up three different water content levels, including 67%, 80% and 95% WFPS, and with three inhibitor levels, (without C₂H₂, with 0.1% (V/V) C₂H₂ and with 10% (V/V) C₂H₂). After two hours incubation, the soil samples were collected to determine the concentrations of NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N. The gas samples were collected to determine the isotope signatures, and the two end-members mixing model was applied to quantify the respective contributions of microbial processes to N₂O production. 【Result】According to the incubation of the soil, the weighted average N₂O flux of 95%, 80% and 67% WFPS were 1.17, 0.27 and 0.08 mgN·kg^-1·d^-1, respectively, and the N₂O emissions of 95% WFPS were significantly higher than that of both 80% and 67% WFPS, as well as the N₂O emissions of 80% WFPS were significantly higher than that of 67% WFPS. The cumulative emissions of (N₂O+N₂) in 95%, 80% and 67% WFPS were 18.05%, 5.27%, and 1.24% of initial mineral nitrogen, respectively, over the entire incubation period. The cumulative emissions of (N₂O+N₂) were 19.61, 5.72 and 1.35 mgN·kg^-1, respectively; the initial content of NH+ 4-N+NO- 3-N was 108.62 mgN·kg^-1. Compared with 67% WFPS, the cumulative (N₂O+N₂) emissions of 95% and 80% WFPS increased 13.53 and 3.24 times, respectively. The cumulative emissions of (N₂O+N₂) in 95% WFPS was 2.43 times greater than that of 80% WFPS. The values of reduced NH+ 4-N+NO- 3-N as gaseous nitrogen increased with the increase of the water content. The weighted average δ¹⁵N^bulk values varied from -42.93‰ to -4.07‰, and the higher level of soil water content showed significantly higher N₂O emissions. 10% (V/V) C₂H₂ would inhibit the reduction of N₂O to N₂. The δ¹⁸O values with 10% (V/V) C₂H₂ were significantly smaller than that of with 0.1% (V/V) C₂H₂ in three water content levels. And the ratio of N₂O/(N₂O+N₂) reduced with the increase of soil moisture. Multiple N₂O processes occurred simultaneously in all treatments. The values of SP increased during the initial four days and then decreased gradually with incubation time. The SP values of 67%WFPS treatment at the first two days ranged from 6.74‰ to 12.04‰, and the contribution of denitrification to N₂O production was from 56.36% to 66.15%, suggesting that denitrification was the dominant microbial process, then the contribution of nitrification (55.78%-100%) to N₂O production became greater. The weighted average SP value was 10.26‰ in 80% WFPS treatment, indicating denitrification (40.90%-74.04%) was the major N₂O production process. There were larger SP values in 95% WFPS treatment with 10% (V/V) C₂H₂ in the first seven incubation days, ranged from 7.61‰ to 21.11‰. Compared with 0.1% (V/V) C₂H₂, the weighted average SP values of N₂O under 95%, 80% and 67% WFPS treatments with 10% (V/V) C₂H₂ produced from soil reduced by 0.10, 0.33 and 0.06 times respectively.【Conclusion】 The increase of soil water content promotes N₂O emission, and the 95% WFPS treatment showed the highest N₂O emissions. In the 67% WFPS treatment, the initial stage of N₂O emission was dominated by denitrification, followed by nitrification. Denitrification was the dominate process in 80% WFPS treatment and nitrification was the dominate process in 95% WFPS treatment.

Key words: water-filled pore space (WFPS), N₂O, nitrification, denitrification, stable isotope, site preference value (SP value)

ZHENG Qian, DING JunJun, LI YuZhong, LIN Wei1, XU ChunYing, LI QiaoZhen, MAO LiLi. The Effects of Soil Water Content on N2O Emissions and Isotopic Signature of Nitrification and Denitrification[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(24): 4747-4758.

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