灌溉下限对设施土壤N2O和NO排放特征的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.05.011

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Reasonable irrigation in greenhouse is an effective measure to control N₂O and NO emissions and to improve utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer. In order to provide a scientific basis for N₂O and NO emission reduction and soil irrigation management in greenhouse, the dynamics of soil N₂O and NO emissions under different irrigation regimes and its relationship with soil moisture and inorganic nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen were studied, and the N₂O and NO emissions characteristics and its influencing factors were also analyzed.【Method】A seven-year long term field experiment was conducted in greenhouse, tomatoes were used as the experimental crop, and four irrigation regimes were conducted to control lower irrigation limits of 25 kPa (W₁), 35 kPa (W₂), 45 kPa (W₃) and 55 kPa (W₄), respectively. The N₂O and NO emission were monitored in-situ simultaneously by using closed static chamber-gas chromatography and NO_x analyzer, respectively. 【Result】 The soil N₂O and NO emission fluxes of different irrigation regimes varied between -34.46-1 671.78 μg N·m^-2·h^-1and 6.83-269.89 μg N·m^-2·h^-1 in tomato growing season, respectively. The peak periods of N₂O and NO emissions were synchronous and mainly occurred after fertilization and irrigation, and NO/N₂O was less than 1 for each treatment. The cumulative soil N₂O and NO emissions were the lowest under W₂ and W₁ treatments (P <0.01) respectively, and the total N₂O+NO emissions for each treatment were W₄ >W₃ >W₁ >W₂. Compared with W₁, W₃ and W₄ treatments, tomato yields under W₂ treatment was increased by 84%, 32.4% and 12%, respectively. The yield-scaled N₂O+NO emissions was the highest under W₄ treatment and the lowest under W₂ treatment (P <0.01). Repeated measurements anova of soil inorganic nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen after fertilizations and harvest showed that except for the interaction of irrigation regime and measure time had no significant effect on the nitrite content, irrigation regimes, measure time and their interaction had a significant effect on soil inorganic nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen (P <0.01). Redundancy and correlation analysis indicated that NO₂^--N, NH₄⁺-N and WFPS could explain 55%, 32.5% and 20.7% variations of N₂O and NO for greenhouse soil, which were the main influencing factors that affected N₂O and NO emissions very significantly under different irrigation regimes.【Conclusion】Comprehensive consideration of yield, N₂O and NO emission reduction effect, W₂ treatment with irrigation lower limit of 35 kPa was the most appropriate irrigation management measurement for this experiment condition.

Key words: irrigation low limits, greenhouse soil, N₂O emission, NO emission

LiYuan ZHANG,JinDong LÜ,XinYue SHI,Na YU,HongTao ZOU,YuLing ZHANG,YuLong ZHANG. Effects of Irrigation Regimes on N₂O and NO Emissions from Greenhouse Soil[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(5): 992-1002.

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References 45

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处理 Treatment	灌水次数 Irrigation time	总灌水量 Total irrigation amount (m³·hm^-2)	平均单次灌水量 Average single irrigation amount (m³·hm^-2)
W₁	29	2957.2	102.0
W₂	23	2543.8	110.6
W₃	19	2274.0	119.7
W₄	16	2102.0	131.4

处理 Treatment	番茄产量 Tomato yield (×10³kg·hm^-2)	N₂O+NO总累积排放量 N₂O+NO total cumulative emissions (kg N·hm^-2)	单位产量N₂O+NO排放 Yield-scaled N₂O+NO (×10^-3g·kg^-1)	NO/N₂O
W₁	40.38±1.04dC	1.90±0.01cC	47.01±1.49aA	0.49±0.01dD
W₂	74.31±1.55aA	1.75±0.03dC	23.60±0.65cC	0.89±0.01aA
W₃	56.13±2.81cB	2.14±0.04bB	38.32±1.54bB	0.65±0.01cC
W₄	66.34±2.91bAB	3.12±0.04aA	47.15±1.83aA	0.74±0.01bB

项目 Item	N₂O	NO	铵态氮 NH₄⁺-N	硝态氮 NO₃^--N	亚硝态氮 NO₂^--N	可溶性总氮STN	可溶性有机氮SON	WFPS
N₂O	1	0.696**	0.619**	-0.036ns	0.884**	-0.050ns	-0.093ns	0.415**
NO		1	0.509**	-0.051ns	0.622**	-0.136ns	-0.168ns	0.435**
NH₄⁺-N			1	0.213ns	0.577**	0.119ns	-0.146ns	0.319**
NO₃^--N				1	-0.086ns	0.696**	0.008ns	-0.472**
NO₂^--N					1	-0.168ns	-0.189ns	0.474**
STN						1	0.688**	-0.602**
SON							1	-0.399**
WFPS								1

Effects of Irrigation Regimes on N₂O and NO Emissions from Greenhouse Soil

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Effects of Irrigation Regimes on N2O and NO Emissions from Greenhouse Soil

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Effects of Irrigation Regimes on N₂O and NO Emissions from Greenhouse Soil