Abstract: 【Objective】Western Liaoning is not only short and great variation in precipitation resource, but soil erosion in hilly area is mostly serious in Liaoning province. The sloping farmland is the main source of water and soil loss. Ridge film mulching and furrow seeding could collect natural precipitation and reduce soil erosion effectively, improve water and soil resources utilization availability. The purpose of this study is to make full use of the limited natural rainfall, protect water and soil resources of dry farming area and promote high and stable yield of crops.【Method】Two factors split plot design was used to examine the effects of different farming types on soil erosion, soil water and yield in sloping farmland and the study was carried out by runoff plots under natural rainfall from 2012 to 2015 in dry farming experimental area in Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences at Fuxin. The runoff plot was 15 m and 6 m in length and width and the area was 60 m². The main plot was a sloping land with slopes of 5°and 10°, and split plot was crop planting patterns, the designed patterns were traditional cultivation(CK, contour ridge and furrow planting, ridge and furrow were uncovered), ridge film mulching and furrow straw mulching(T1), ridge film mulching and furrow seeding(furrow was uncovered, T2). The study was repeated three times. Ridges and furrows of ridge film mulching and furrow seeding were in opposite arrangement, furrow width was 60 cm and ridge width was 40 cm, ridge height was 10-12 cm. The ridge was a rain collecting area. The furrow, which was planted with two lines of crop, was a planting area. The experimental crops were millet and maize and rotated.【Result】The ridge film mulching and furrow straw mulching and ridge film mulching and furrow seeding could effectively reduce and prevent water and soil erosion. In four years, the total runoff and total erosion amount of the CK were 512.7 m³·hm^-2, 4 561.3 kg·hm^-2and T1, T2 did not occur soil erosion under five-degree slope. The total runoff and total erosion amount of T1 were reduced by 81.71% and 96.17% and that of T2 were reduced by 56.92% and 95.15% compared with the CK, and that of T1 were reduced by 57.54% and 21.05% compared with T2, T1 and T2 would reduce the amount of lost nutrients in sediment compared with the CK under ten-degree slope. The results showed that runoff and erosion amount increased in accordance with increasing of gradient and the effect of anti-erosion of T1, T2 would weaken along with slope increasing. There was no significant difference between the five-degree slope and ten-degree on four years' average soil water, which had a reducing trend with slope increasing. The effect of T1, T2 on mean soil water reached very significant level as a whole compared with CK and mean soil water of T1, T2 was 1.68 and 1.45 percentage points higher than that of CK. The effect of T1, T2 on increasing moisture reached very significant level compared with CK to millet regardless of high flow year or dry year and that of T1, T2 on increasing moisture to maize was not significant in normal year and very significant in special dry year. There was no significant difference between five-degree slope and ten-degree slope in four years' average yield, which had a reducing trend with slope increasing. The effect of T1 on the average production reached very significant level increasing by 25.59% and 10.68% compared with CK and T2, and there was a significant difference between T2 and CK and the average production of T2 increased by 13.47% compared with CK. The effect of yield increasing of T2 was insignificant compared with CK and that of T1, which increased by 24.75% and 74.58%, was significant compared with CK for millet in 2012, 2014. The effect of T1, which the yield of maize increased by 11.29% and 54.39%, and T2, which increased by 5.05% and 51.81%, on the production reached very significant level compared with CK in 2013 and 2015. The effects of yield increasing of ridge film mulching and furrow straw mulching (millet, maize) and ridge film mulching and furrow seeding (maize) were particularly significant in dry year. 【Conclusion】 The effect of micro-rainwater-collecting planting mode by ridge film mulching and furrow seeding in dry sloping farmland on rainwater harvesting, water storage, soil moisture conservation and anti-erosion was definite after 4 years of study in semi-arid region in Liaoxi area. The technique could mitigate the negative impact of drought and soil erosion on crop growth and enriched the theoretical basis of the rain-harvesting agriculture of dry farming in the area. By application and dissemination of the technique, it could improve soil and water resources utilization, protect quality of cultivated land and promote overall grain production capability on sloping farmland and facilitate stable and high yield of crop and healthy and sustainable development of dry farming in the area. It could be seen that the ridge film mulching and furrow straw mulching would be suitable for dry sloping land in Western Liaoning from the point of anti-erosion, catchment, increasing soil moisture, increasing production. The study has filled the gaps in the study of this subject in western Liaoning and provided important references for development of the rain-harvesting agriculture of dry farming in the north of China.

Key words: western Liaoning, sloping farmland, ridge film mulching and furrow seeding, soil erosion, yield