Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2015, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (13): 2591-2599.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.13.011

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Relationship Between Fruit Softening and the Metabolism of Sugar and Starch and Their Related-Gene Expression in Post-Harvest ‘Jingbaili’ Fruits

 QI Xiu-dong1, WEI Jian-mei2, ZHAO Mei-wei2, PENG Hong-li2, ZHANG Hai-e3   

  1. 1Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei
    2Department of Ecology, Environmental Management College of China, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei
    3Changli Fruit Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Changli 066600, Hebei
  • Received:2015-01-29 Online:2015-07-01 Published:2015-07-01

RichHTML

3

PDF

880

Abstract: 【Objective】The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between sugar and starch metabolism and fruit softening so as to provide a basis for developing better storage technology in ‘Jingbaili’ fruits. 【Method】‘Jingbaili’ pear fruits, treated at low temperature and with 1-MCP, were taken as the sample materials to determine the firmness, respiration rate, sugar and starch contents and the activities of related enzymes, and the key enzymes gene expression (AM, SPS, SS, and AI) were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR during fruit ripening and softening. 【Result】During storage of ‘Jingbaili’ fruits, the starch contents decreased rapidly, showing a positive correlation significantly with firmness, and this trend was dramatically inhibited at low temperature with 1-MCP treatment. Also, the activity of amylase (AM) increased rapidly, which was significantly related with the changes of firmness and starch contents, and AM gene expression also accumulated rapidly with fruit softening. These processes showed a strongest effect at low temperature with 1-MCP treatment. During storage, only the glucose contents showed a significant decreasing trend, the contents of fructose and sucrose increased slightly, but they were inhibited at low temperature with 1-MCP treatment. Among sucrose-metabolized enzymes, only acid invertase (AI) activity was significantly correlated with firmness, but its activity and gene expression increased mainly at late stage of storage, lagging behind AM. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS) activities were not correlated significantly with firmness, but they showed higher activity and gene expression, and had a close relationship with the contents of sucrose and fructose, significantly regulated at low temperature with 1-MCP treatment. 【Conclusion】There was a strongest relationship between starch degradation and ‘Jingbaili’ fruit softening, AM was an important enzyme involving at early softening stage. Sucrose metabolism involved in fruit ripening and softening, but AI mainly affected the softening process at late stage and both SPS and SS were perhaps involved in the physiological processes of softening by means of regulating the composition and contents of the soluble sugars during fruit softening.

Key words:  ‘Jingbaili&rsquo, pear, fruit softening, sugar, starch, metabolism, gene expression

[1]    朴一龙, 赵兰花, 吴荣哲. 梨果实在贮藏过程中果胶分解酶活性的变化. 北方园艺, 2009(4): 50-53.
Piao Y L, Zhao L H, Wu R Z. Changes on activities of pectin decomposition enzymes of postharvest pear fruit during storage. Northern Horticulture, 2009(4): 50-53. (in Chinese)
[2]    陈学森, 宋君, 高利平, 冀晓昊, 张宗营, 毛志泉, 张艳敏, 刘大亮. 张芮, 李敏. ‘乔纳金’苹果及其脆肉芽变果实质地发育机理. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(4): 727-735.
Chen X S, Song J, Gao L P, Ji X H, Zhang Z Y, Mao Z Q, Zhang Y M, Liu D L, Zhang R, Li M. Developing mechanism of fruits texture in ‘Jonagold’ apple and its crisp flesh sport. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(4): 727-735. (in Chinese)
[3]    张佰清, 刘佳, 李江阔, 姜树才, 张平. 1-MCP和CO2双重处理因素对南果梨常温货架生理品质的影响. 食品科技, 2009, 34(4): 67-70.
Zhang B Q, Liu J, Li J K, Jiang S C, Zhang P. Effect of 1-MCP and CO2 doubled-treatment on nanguo pears normal temperature shelf physiological quality. Food Science and Technology, 2009, 34(4): 67-70. (in Chinese)
[4]    张波, 李鲜, 陈昆松. 脂氧合酶基因家族成员与果实成熟衰老研究进展. 园艺学报, 2007, 34(1): 245-250.
Zhang B, Li X, Chen K S. Physiologicaland molecular features of lipoxygenase gene family members in ripening fruit. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2007, 34(1): 245-250. (in Chinese)
[5]    John E L, Elspeth M. New complexities in the synthesis of sucrose. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2003, 165(1): 9-21.
[6]    张永平, 乔永旭, 俞景权, 赵智中. 园艺植物果实糖积累的研究进展. 中国农业科学, 2008, 41(4): 1151-1157.
Zhang Y P, Qiao Y X, Yu J Q, Zhao Z Z. Progress of researches of sugar accumulation mechanism horticultural plant fruits. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2008, 41(4): 1151-1157. (in Chinese)
[7]    Yang X T, Song J, Campbell-Palmer L, Fillmore S, Zhang Z Q. Effect of ethylene and 1-MCP on expression of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and perception during ripening of apple fruit. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2013, 78: 55-66.
[8]    于年文, 李俊才, 王家珍, 蔡忠民, 沙守峰, 李宏军, 郭修武. 不同时期采收的南果梨后熟过程中糖分的变化规律. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(20): 123-126.
Yu N W, Li J C, Wang J Z, Cai Z M, Sha S F , Li H J, Guo X W. The changes about sugar components of nanguo pear of different harvest times during ripening. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(20): 123-126. (in Chinese)
[9]    Moriguchi T, Abe K, Sanada T, Yamaki S. Levels and role of sucrose synthase, sucrose-phosphate synthase and acid invertase insucrose accumulation in fruit of Asian pear. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 1992, 117(2): 274-278.
[10]   王永章, 张大鹏. ‘红富士’苹果果实蔗糖代谢与酸性转化酶和蔗糖合酶关系的研究. 园艺学报, 2001, 28(3): 259-261.
Wang Y Z, Zhang D P. Study on the relationships between acid invertase, sucrose synthase and sucrose metabolism in red Fuji apple fruit. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2001, 28(3): 259-261. (in Chinese)
[11]   Berüter J. Carbohydrate metabolism in two apple genotypes that differ in malate accumulation. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004, 161: 1011-1029.
[12]   邓丽莉, 申琳, 生吉萍. 两种典型呼吸跃变型果实糖代谢过程及其在果实品质形成中的作用. 食品科学, 2013, 34(19): 351-355.
Deng L L, Shen L, Sheng J P. Carbohydrate metabolism of two climacteric fruits and its impact on fruit quality. Food Science, 2013, 34(19): 351-355. (in Chinese)
[13]   Latocha P, Krupa T, Jankowski P, Radzanowska J. Changes in postharvest physicochemical and sensory characteristics of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta and its hybrid) after cold storage under normal versus controlled atmosphere. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2014, 88: 21-33.
[14]   张慧琴, 谢鸣, 张琛, 杨鲁琼, 章镇, 肖金平, 周利秋. 猕猴桃果实发育过程中淀粉积累差异及其糖代谢特性. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(17): 3453-3464.
Zhang H Q, Xie M, Zhang C, Yang L Q, Zhang Z, Xiao J P, Zhou L Q. Difference in starch accumulation and characterization of sugar metabolism during fruit development of kiwifruit. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(17): 3453-3464. (in Chinese)
[15]   朱金薇, 冯江涛, 延卫. 1-甲基环丙烯对水蜜桃的贮藏品质的影响. 中国农业科技导报, 2010, 12(4): 73-77.
Zhu J W, Feng J T, Yan W. Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene on stored fruit quality of juicy peaches. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2010, 12(4): 73-77. (in Chinese)
[16]   陈金印, 曾荣, 李平. 猕猴桃果实冷藏过程中生理生化变化. 食品科学, 2003, 24(2): 138-141.
Chen J Y, Zeng R, Li P. The study on physio-biochemical change of kiwifruit fruit actinidia deliciosa of during cold storage. Food Science, 2003, 24(2): 138-141. (in Chinese)
[17]   赵智中, 张上隆, 徐昌杰, 陈昆松, 刘拴桃. 蔗糖代谢相关酶在温州蜜柑果实糖积累中的作用. 园艺学报, 2001, 28(2): 118-122.
Zhao Z Z, Zhang S L, Xu C J, Chen K S, Liu S T. Roles of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in accumulation of sugars in Satsuma mandar in fruit. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2001, 28(2): 118-122. (in Chinese)
[18]   Merlo L, Passera C. Changes in carbohydrate and enzyme levels during development of leaves of Prunus persica, a sorbitol synthesizing species. Physiologia Plantarum, 1991, 83: 621-626.
[19]   Itai A, Tanahashi T. Inhibition of sucrose loss during cold storage in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) by 1-MCP. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2008, 48: 355-363.
[20]   林河通, 席玙芳, 陈绍军. 黄花梨果实采后软化生理基础. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36(3): 349-352.
Lin H T, Xi Y F, Chen S J. Postharvest softening physiological mechanism of huanghua pear fruit. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2003, 36(3): 349-352. (in Chinese)
[21]   王贵禧, 韩雅珊, 于梁. 猕猴桃总淀粉酶活性与果实软化的关系. 园艺学报, 1994, 21(4): 329-333.
Wang G X, Han Y S, Yu L. The relationship between amylase activity and softening of kiwifruit after harvest. Acta Horticultura Sinica, 1994, 21(4): 329-333. (in Chinese)
[22]   彭丽桃, 杨书珍, 任小林, 饶景萍, 王俊宁. 采后两种不同果肉类型油桃软化相关酶活性的变化. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2002, 10(2): 171-176.
Peng L T, Yang S Z, Ren X L, Rao J P, Wang J N. Changes in softening-related enzymes in melting and non-melting-flesh nectarines after harvest. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 2002, 10(2): 171-176. (in Chinese)
[23]   Wang K, Shao X F, Gong Y F, Zhu Y, Wang H F, Zhang X L, Yu D D, Yu F, Qiu Z Y, Lu H. The metabolism of soluble carbohydrates related to chilling injury in peach fruit exposed to cold stress. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2013, 86: 53-61.
[24]   梁小娥, 王三宝, 赵迎丽, 石建新, 赵猛. 枣采后果肉软化的生化和细胞超微结构变化. 园艺学报, 1998, 25(4): 333-337.
Liang X E, Wang S B, Zhao Y L, Shi J X, Zhao M. The biochemical property and change of fruit ultra-structure in postharvest jujube. Acta Horticultura Sinica, 1998, 25(4): 333-337. (in Chinese)
[25]   苗红霞, 金志强, 刘伟鑫, 刘菊华, 张建斌, 贾彩红, 徐碧玉. 香蕉采后果肉硬度与淀粉代谢变化. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(28): 124-128.
Miao H X, Jin Z Q, Liu W X, Liu J H, Zhang J B, Jia C H, Xu B Y. Changes in pulp firmness and starch metabolism of postharvest banana fruit. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2013, 29(28): 124-128. (in Chinese)
[26]   李雯, 邵远志, 庄军平, 陈维信. 蔗糖磷酸合成酶与香蕉果实成熟、衰老的关系. 园艺学报, 2006, 33(5): 1087-1089.
Li W, Shao Y Z, Zhuang J P, Chen W X. Relationships between the sucrose phosphate synthase and ripening, senescence of banana fruits. Acta Horticultura Sinica, 2006, 33(5): 1087-1089. (in Chinese)
[27]   Agopian R G D, Peroni-Okita F H G, Soares C A, Mainardi J A, Nascimento J R O, Cordenunsi B R, Lajolo F M, Purgatto E. Low temperature induced changes in activity and protein levels of the enzymes associated to conversion of starch to sucrose in banana fruit. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2011, 62: 133-140.
[28]   王惠聪, 黄辉白, 黄旭明. 荔枝果实的糖积累与相关酶活性. 园艺学报, 2003, 30(1): 1-5.
Wang H C, Huang H B, Huang X M. Sugar accumulation and related enzyme activities in the litchi fruit of ‘Nuomici’ and ‘Feizixiao’. Acta Horticultura Sinica, 2003, 30(1): 1-5. (in Chinese)
[29]   张玉, 陈昆松, 张上隆, 王建华. 猕猴桃果实采后成熟过程中糖代谢及其调节. 植物生理与分子生物学学报, 2004, 30(3): 317-324.
Zhang Y, Chen K S, Zhang S L, Wang J H. Sugar metabolism and its regulation in postharvest ripening kiwifruit. Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, 2004, 30(3): 317-324. (in Chinese)
[30]   余芳, 邵兴锋, 许凤, 王鸿飞.果实低温贮藏期间糖代谢变化研究进展. 果树学报, 2014, 31(1): 125-131.
Yu F, Shao X F, Xu F, Wang H F. Advances on sugar metabolism study in fruits stored at low temperatures. Journal of Fruit Science, 2014, 31(1): 125-131. (in Chinese)
[31]   Deng L, Pan X Q, Chen L, Shen L, Sheng J P. Effects of preharvest nitric oxide treatment on ethylene biosynthesis and soluble sugars metabolism in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2013, 84: 9-15.
[32]   周国忠, 刁太清. 猕猴桃果实淀粉含量和淀粉酶活性变化与耐贮性的关系. 果树科学, 1997, l4(1): 21-23.
Zhou G Z, Diao T Q. The relationship between starch content, change of amylase activity and fruit storability on kiwifruit. Journal of Fruit Science, 1997, l4(1): 21-23. (in Chinese)
[33]   Shao X F, Zhu Y F, Cao S, Wang H F, Song Y X. Soluble sugar content and metabolism as related to the heat-induced chilling tolerance of loquat fruit during cold storage. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 2013, 6(12): 3490-3498.
[34]   陈俊伟, 张上隆, 张良诚. 果实中糖的运输、代谢与积累及其调控. 植物生理与分子生物学学报, 2004, 30(1): 1-10.
Chen J W, Zhang S L, Zhang L C. Sugar transport, metabolism, accumulation and their regulation in fruits. Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, 2004, 30(1): 1-10. (in Chinese)
[1] ZHANG KeKun,CHEN KeQin,LI WanPing,QIAO HaoRong,ZHANG JunXia,LIU FengZhi,FANG YuLin,WANG HaiBo. Effects of Irrigation Amount on Berry Development and Aroma Components Accumulation of Shine Muscat Grape in Root-Restricted Cultivation [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 129-143.
[2] GU LiDan,LIU Yang,LI FangXiang,CHENG WeiNing. Cloning of Small Heat Shock Protein Gene Hsp21.9 in Sitodiplosis mosellana and Its Expression Characteristics During Diapause and Under Temperature Stresses [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 79-89.
[3] XIE YiTong,ZHANG Fei,SHI Jie,FENG Li,JIANG Li. Effects of Exogenous Sucrose on the Postharvest Quality and Chloroplast of Gynura bicolor D.C [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1642-1656.
[4] ZHANG JiaHua,YANG HengShan,ZHANG YuQin,LI CongFeng,ZHANG RuiFu,TAI JiCheng,ZHOU YangChen. Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Modes on Starch Accumulation and Activities of Starch Synthesis-Related Enzyme of Spring Maize Grain in Northeast China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(7): 1332-1345.
[5] YU QiLong,HAN YingYan,HAO JingHong,QIN XiaoXiao,LIU ChaoJie,FAN ShuangXi. Effect of Exogenous Spermidine on Nitrogen Metabolism of Lettuce Under High-Temperature Stress [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(7): 1399-1410.
[6] XIAO LuTing,LI XiuHong,LIU LiJun,YE FaYin,ZHAO GuoHua. Effects of Starch Granule Size on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Barley Starches [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(5): 1010-1024.
[7] JIANG JingJing,ZHOU TianYang,WEI ChenHua,WU JiaNing,ZHANG Hao,LIU LiJun,WANG ZhiQin,GU JunFei,YANG JianChang. Effects of Crop Management Practices on Grain Quality of Superior and Inferior Spikelets of Super Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(5): 874-889.
[8] XIANG MiaoLian, WU Fan, LI ShuCheng, WANG YinBao, XIAO LiuHua, PENG WenWen, CHEN JinYin, CHEN Ming. Effects of Melatonin Treatment on Resistance to Black Spot and Postharvest Storage Quality of Pear Fruit [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(4): 785-795.
[9] LAI ChunWang, ZHOU XiaoJuan, CHEN Yan, LIU MengYu, XUE XiaoDong, XIAO XueChen, LIN WenZhong, LAI ZhongXiong, LIN YuLing. Identification of Ethylene Synthesis Pathway Genes in Longan and Its Response to ACC Treatment [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(3): 558-574.
[10] SHU JingTing,SHAN YanJu,JI GaiGe,ZHANG Ming,TU YunJie,LIU YiFan,JU XiaoJun,SHENG ZhongWei,TANG YanFei,LI Hua,ZOU JianMin. Relationship Between Expression Levels of Guangxi Partridge Chicken m6A Methyltransferase Genes, Myofiber Types and Myogenic Differentiation [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(3): 589-601.
[11] SONG JiangTao,SHEN DanDan,GONG XuChen,SHANG XiangMing,LI ChunLong,CAI YongXi,YUE JianPing,WANG ShuaiLing,ZHANG PuFen,XIE ZongZhou,LIU JiHong. Effects of Artificial Fruit Thinning on Sugar and Acid Content and Expression of Metabolism-Related Genes in Fruit of Beni-Madonna Tangor [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4688-4701.
[12] GUO ShaoLei,XU JianLan,WANG XiaoJun,SU ZiWen,ZHANG BinBin,MA RuiJuan,YU MingLiang. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of XTH Gene Family in Peach Fruit During Storage [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4702-4716.
[13] JIA XiaoHui,ZHANG XinNan,LIU BaiLin,MA FengLi,DU YanMin,WANG WenHui. Effects of Low Oxygen/High Carbon Dioxide Controlled Atmosphere Combined with 1-Methylcyclopropene on Quality of Yuluxiang Pear During Cold Storage [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(23): 4717-4727.
[14] WANG Juan,CHEN HaoNing,SHI DaChuan,YU TianYi,YAN CaiXia,SUN QuanXi,YUAN CuiLing,ZHAO XiaoBo,MOU YiFei,WANG Qi,LI ChunJuan,SHAN ShiHua. Functional Analysis of AhNRT2.7a in Response to Low-Nitrogen in Peanut [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(22): 4356-4372.
[15] DU JinXia,LI YiSha,LI MeiLin,CHEN WenHan,ZHANG MuQing. Evaluation of Resistance to Leaf Scald Disease in Different Sugarcane Genotypes [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(21): 4118-4130.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备09089781号-30
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Scientia Agricultura Sinica
Tel: 86-010-82106279    E-mail: zgnykx@mail.caas.net.cn
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd