小麦新品种川麦104的遗传构成分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.12.001

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of the study is to dissect the genetic components of the new high-yielding wheat cultivar Chuanmai 104 developed by crossing wheat cultivars Chuanmai 42 with Chuannong 16 and detect the parental contribution to it. 【Method】Chuanmai 104 and its parents were genotyped using all the involved markers covering the whole genome to dissect the genetic components of Chuanmai 104. The parental contributions to the yield-related function of the genomic regions of Chuanmai 104 from each parent were also analyzed according to the authors’ previous-identified QTLs.【Result】Among the 859 polymorphic genetic loci (22 were missing in Chuanmai 104), the alleles at 522 loci in Chuanmai 104 were from the parent Chuanmai 42, while the alleles at the other 315 loci were from the other parent Chuannong 16. Therefore, Chuanmai 104 inherited more alleles from the parent Chuanmai 42 (60.8%). Parental contributions to Chuanmai 104 differed among A, B and D genomes and chromosomes. The frequencies of the alleles from Chuanmai 42 at the investigated loci of A, B and D genomes were 55.00%, 60.20% and 67.27%, respectively. These loci from Chuanmai 42 were broadly distributed on chromosomes 3A, 5A, 7A, 1B, 5B, 7B, 3D, 4D, 5D and 7D, and the other loci from Chuannong 16 were located on chromosomes 4A, 3B, 4B, 6B, 1D, 2D and 6D. A total of 68 genomic regions with the genetic distance larger than 5 cM were detected in Chuanmai 104, which were inherited from its parents and the total genetic length was 3,089.6 cM all over the whole map. Among these genomic regions, the parents Chuanmai 42 and Chuannong 16 contributed about 36 and 32 genomic regions to Chuanmai 104, respectively. The genomic regions inherited from Chuanmai 42 were distributed on chromosomes 3D, 5D, 7A, 7B and 7D, and the other regions from Chuannong 16 were located on chromosomes 3B, 4B and 6D. Chuanmai 104 inherited more genomic regions from Chuanmai 42 in A and D genomes and the genomic regions inherited from Chuannong 16 were more than those from Chuanmai 42 in B genome. In these detected genomic regions on chromosomes 1B, 1D, 2B, 4A, 4D, 5A, 5B, 5D and 7A, about nine genomic regions with Chuanmai 42-type haplotype and five genomic regions with Chuannong 16-type haplotype were significantly associated with yield-related traits by QTL mapping using the Chuanmai 42×Chuannong 16 RILs, respectively. In the yield-related genomic regions, the QTL alleles increasing the spike number per square meter on 1D, 2B and 4A chromosomes were provided by the parent Chuannong 16, while QTL alleles associated with more grain number per spike on 1BS chromosome arm and 4A chromosome were from the other parent Chuanmai 42. Moreover, Chuanmai 104 inherited the QTL alleles with higher thousand-kernel weight from both parents on 5B, 4A and 4D chromosomes, respectively. The pyramiding of these additive QTL alleles from each parent enhanced yield-related traits, which led directly to the character of high yield potential of Chuanmai 104. 【Conclusion】The parental contributions of Chuanmai 42 and Chuannong 16 to their offspring Chuanmai 104 in a whole genome scale was confirmed. Chuanmai 104 inherited the desirable properties of higher grain number per spike from Chuanmai 42, spike number per square meter from Chuannong 16, and thousand-kernel weight combined from both parents by phenotypic and QTL analysis. These characteristics are the genetic basis contributed to the high yield potential of Chuanmai 104.

Key words: Chuanmai 104 , SSR , DArT , genetic components

LI Jun-1, 2 , WAN Hong-Shen-2, YANG Wu-Yun-2, WANG Qin-2, ZHU Xin-Guo-2, HU Xiao-Rong-2, WEI Hui-Ting-3, TANG Yong-Lu-2, LI Chao-Su-2, PENG Zheng-Song-4, ZHOU Yong-Hong-1. Dissection of Genetic Components in the New High-Yielding Wheat Cultivar Chuanmai 104[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(12): 2281-2291.

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