利用荧光SSR分析中国糜子的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.09.001

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 131 broomcorn millet accessions in China were analyzed based on fluorescently labeled SSR markers for variety improvement and germplasm innovation as well as effective utilization of broomcorn millet germplasm.【Method】Six broomcorn millet accessions with phenotypical diversity from different geographical origins were used to select SSR markers with highly polymorphism by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The polymorphic markers were labeled with four fluorescent dyes: 6-FAM, HEX, ROX and TAMRA at the 5' end of forward primers which used in subsequent analyses. The size of each allele locus was determined by DNA Analyzer to estimate the genetic diversity and genetic population structure of the tested accessions. 【Result】 Twenty-two polymorphic and stably amplifying markers were selected for both traditional denaturing PAGE electrophoresis detection and fluorescent SSR labeling-automatic analysis technology. A total of 128 alleles were detected with an average of 5.82 alleles per locus, the gene diversity index, polymorphism information content and Shannon's information index ranged from 0.3572 to 0.8132, 0.2934 to 0.8150 and 0.5427 to 1.7681, respectively, with an average of 0.6284, 0.5874 and 1.2062 respectively. Genetic distance and genetic identity of accessions from different ecotypes were 0.0764-0.7251 (average value is 0.3121) and 0.4843-0.9265 (average value is 0.7465), respectively, the smallest genetic distance was found between NSP ecotype and LPSS ecotype. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that NSP ecotype and LPSS ecotype were clustered into one group. The clustering result of the cultivars and landraces from NES ecotype was consistent, the cultivars from LPSS ecotype were divided into different groups. By plotting the relationship between K and ΔK, ΔK is the largest when K=4. Based on K and △K values, 131 broomcorn millet accessions were grouped four genotypes by the population genetic structure analysis. Group Ⅰ is composed of NSP ecotype. Group Ⅱ consist of NES ecotype. Most accessions of group Ⅲ are from NSP ecotype. Group Ⅳ mainly contain LPSS ecotype. Most of the accessions in same group have same genetic component while only a few accessions contained genetic component of other groups. The analysis result of population genetic structure was consistent with the UPGMA clustering, indicating that the genetic diversity is related to geographical region. 【Conclusion】 There have more abundant genetic diversity in NSP and LPSS ecotype than other regions. The cultivars of NES ecotype were bred mainly from the landraces. The cultivars of LPSS ecotype were introduced from a wide range of resources during the breeding process, harboring genetic exchanges with other ecological regions.

Key words: broomcorn millet, SSR fluorescently labeled markers, genetic diversity, population structure

KOU ShuJun, HUO AHong, FU GuoQing, JI JunJian, WANG Yao, ZUO ZhenXing, LIU MinXuan, LU Ping. Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Broomcorn Millet in China Based on Fluorescently Labeled SSR[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(9): 1475-1477.

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References 32

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位点 Locus	等位基因数目 Allele number	主要等位基因 Major allele		稀有基因数 Rare gene number	基因多样性指数 H	多态性信息含量 PIC	Shannon信息指数 I
位点 Locus	等位基因数目 Allele number	片段大小 Size (bp)	频率 Frequency	稀有基因数 Rare gene number	基因多样性指数 H	多态性信息含量 PIC	Shannon信息指数 I
BM552	7	240	0.4427	5	0.7403	0.7124	1.4924
BM637	5	167	0.3382	1	0.7373	0.6897	1.3527
BM787	5	290	0.6908	1	0.4874	0.4530	0.8807
BM2654	7	206	0.3015	1	0.7835	0.7525	1.6300
BM2715	6	227	0.3893	4	0.7324	0.6914	1.3745
BM2717	7	284	0.5916	5	0.6109	0.5825	1.2828
BM2729	4	122	0.6107	4	0.5593	0.5064	0.9212
BM2766	5	194	0.6450	1	0.5285	0.4817	1.0270
BM2792	5	132	0.4084	1	0.6626	0.5991	1.1651
BM6414	7	270	0.4618	5	0.7149	0.6814	1.3771
BM6573	2	118	0.7672	2	0.3572	0.2934	0.5427
BM6598	6	210	0.6450	1	0.5364	0.4964	1.0300
LMX503	5	226	0.6336	1	0.5489	0.5081	1.0867
LMX780	5	229	0.5076	1	0.6278	0.5659	1.1080
LMX836	8	224	0.4275	1	0.7562	0.7310	1.6617
LMX1553	6	192	0.7061	4	0.4788	0.4560	0.8776
LMX1959	5	266	0.4847	3	0.6584	0.6043	1.1549
LMX2019	8	250	0.3321	2	0.8132	0.7918	1.7681
LMX2068	8	289	0.7405	1	0.4411	0.4294	0.9994
LMX2281	5	248	0.6718	0	0.5140	0.4818	0.9819
LMX2382	8	195	0.2710	6	0.8350	0.8150	1.7779
LMX2734	4	210	0.4733	1	0.6826	0.6351	1.2678
合计Total	128			51
平均Average	5.8		0.5189	2.3	0.6284	0.5874	1.2062

生态区 Ecotype	类型 Type	资源数 Accessions	等位基因数 Allele number	基因多样性指数 H	多态性信息含量 PIC	Shannon信息指数 I
东北春糜子区 NES	育成品种 Cultivars	20	3.8636	0.5474	0.4953	0.9848
	农家种 Landraces	11	3.3636	0.5373	0.4901	0.9225
	材料数 Number	31	4.3182	0.5732	0.5291	1.0562
华北夏糜子区 NSU	育成品种 Cultivars	0
	农家种 Landraces	3	2.0455	0.3838	0.3197	0.4402
	材料数 Number	3	2.0455	0.3838	0.3197	0.4402
北方春糜子区 NSP	育成品种 Cultivars	32	4.4091	0.5521	0.5042	1.1074
	农家种 Landraces	26	4.5455	0.6221	0.5725	1.1114
	材料数 Number	58	5.0455	0.6083	0.5607	1.1283
黄土高原春夏糜子区 LPSS	育成品种 Cultivars	20	4.3636	0.5808	0.5337	1.0379
	农家种 Landraces	16	4.0000	0.5250	0.4993	0.9290
	材料数 Number	36	5.1364	0.6020	0.5576	1.1222
西北春夏糜子区 NWSS	育成品种 Cultivars	0
	农家种 Landraces	3	2.1818	0.4621	0.3811	0.5001
	材料数 Number	3	2.1818	0.4621	0.3811	0.5001

生态区 Ecotype	东北春糜子区 NES	北方春糜子区 NSP	华北夏糜子区 NSU	西北春夏糜子区 NWSS	黄土高原春夏糜子区 LPSS
东北春糜子区 NES	—	0.8548	0.6408	0.7078	0.8814
北方春糜子区 NSP	0.1569	—	0.5993	0.8552	0.9265
华北夏糜子区 NSU	0.4451	0.5120	—	0.4843	0.6463
西北春夏糜子区 NWSS	0.3456	0.1564	0.7251	—	0.8684
黄土高原春夏糜子区 LPSS	0.1263	0.0764	0.4364	0.1411	—

省份 Province	红色 Red	绿色 Green	蓝色 Blue	黄色 Yellow
山西省Shanxi	3	3	15	6
甘肃省Gansu	8	2		2
内蒙古自治区Inner Mongolia	7		9	1
青海省Qinghai	7		1
宁夏回族自治区Ningxia	6	1	4	4
黑龙江省Heilongjiang	3	10	2	1
陕西省Shaanxi	1	1	2	5
辽宁省 Liaoning		1	2	1
吉林省 Jilin		3	1	6
河北省 Hebei			6	3
新疆维吾尔自治区 Xinjiang			1	2
山东省 Shandong				1
合计 Total	35	21	43	32

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Broomcorn Millet in China Based on Fluorescently Labeled SSR

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类群 Group	各群体品种数量 Number of varieties in each group	品种数量Number of varieties
类群 Group	各群体品种数量 Number of varieties in each group	Q<0.6	Q≥0.6	Q≥0.8	Q≥0.9
1	35	1	34	26	21
2	21	3	18	15	14
3	43	12	31	18	14
4	32	7	25	18	15
合计 Total	131	24	107	76	63

[1]	JIANG Peng, ZHANG Peng, YAO JinBao, WU Lei, HE Yi, LI Chang, MA HongXiang, ZHANG Xu. Phenotypic Characteristics and Related Gene Analysis of Ningmai Series Wheat Varieties [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(2): 233-247.
[2]	XiaoChuan LI,ChaoHai WANG,Ping ZHOU,Wei MA,Rui WU,ZhiHao SONG,Yan MEI. Deciphering of the Genetic Diversity After Field Late Blight Resistance Evaluation of Potato Breeds [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(18): 3484-3500.
[3]	YingLing WAN,MengTing ZHU,AiQing LIU,YiJia JIN,Yan LIU. Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Chinese Ornamental Herbaceous Peonies and Its Germplasm Resource Evaluation [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(18): 3629-3639.
[4]	HU GuangMing,ZHANG Qiong,HAN Fei,LI DaWei,LI ZuoZhou,WANG Zhi,ZHAO TingTing,TIAN Hua,LIU XiaoLi,ZHONG CaiHong. Screening and Application of Universal SSR Molecular Marker Primers in Actinidia [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(17): 3411-3425.
[5]	CHEN Xu,HAO YaQiong,NIE XingHua,YANG HaiYing,LIU Song,WANG XueFeng,CAO QingQin,QIN Ling,XING Yu. Association Analysis of Main Characteristics of Bur and Nut with SSR Markers in Chinese Chestnut [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(13): 2613-2628.
[6]	XU Xiao,REN GenZeng,ZHAO XinRui,CHANG JinHua,CUI JiangHui. Accurate Identification and Comprehensive Evaluation of Panicle Phenotypic Traits of Landraces and Cultivars of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench in China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(11): 2092-2108.
[7]	TANG XiuJun,FAN YanFeng,JIA XiaoXu,GE QingLian,LU JunXian,TANG MengJun,HAN Wei,GAO YuShi. Genetic Diversity and Origin Characteristics of Chicken Species Based on Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(24): 5302-5315.
[8]	WANG JunJie,TIAN Xiang,QIN HuiBin,WANG HaiGang,CAO XiaoNing,CHEN Ling,LIU SiChen,QIAO ZhiJun. Regulation Effects of Photoperiod on Growth and Leaf Endogenous Hormones in Broomcorn Millet [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(2): 286-295.
[9]	LI XinYuan, LOU JinXiu, LIU QingYuan, HU Jian, ZHANG YingJun. Genetic Diversity Analysis of Rhizobia Associated with Medicago sativa Cultivated in Northeast and North China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(16): 3393-3405.
[10]	WANG FuQiang,ZHANG Jian,WEN ChangLong,FAN XiuCai,ZHANG Ying,SUN Lei,LIU ChongHuai,JIANG JianFu. Identification of Grape Cultivars Based on KASP Markers [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(13): 2830-2842.
[11]	YANG Tao,HUANG YaJie,LI ShengMei,REN Dan,CUI JinXin,PANG Bo,YU Shuang,GAO WenWei. Genetic Diversity and Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic Traits in Sea-Island Cotton Germplasm Resources [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(12): 2499-2509.
[12]	CUI YiPing,PENG AiTian,SONG XiaoBing,CHENG BaoPing,LING JinFeng,CHEN Xia. Investigation on Occurrence of Citrus Huanglongbing and Virus Diseases, and Prophage Genetic Diversity of Huanglongbing Pathogen in Meizhou, Guangdong [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(8): 1572-1582.
[13]	JiaYing CHANG,ShuSen LIU,Jie SHI,Ning GUO,HaiJian ZHANG,HongXia MA,ChunFeng YANG. Pathogenicity and Genetic Diversity of Bipolaria maydis in Sanya, Hainan and Huang-Huai-Hai Region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(6): 1154-1165.
[14]	MoRan XU,RuiMing LIN,FengTao WANG,Jing FENG,ShiChang XU. Evaluation of Resistance to Stripe Rust and Genetic Diversity and Detection of Resistance Genes in 103 Wheat Cultivars (Lines) [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(4): 748-760.
[15]	WANG JunJie,WANG HaiGang,CAO XiaoNing,CHEN Ling,LIU SiChen,TIAN Xiang,QIN HuiBin,QIAO ZhiJun. Comprehensive Evaluation of Photoperiod Sensitivity Based on Different Traits of Broomcorn Millet [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(3): 474-485.