钵苗机插水稻群体动态特征及高产形成机制的探讨

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.05.004

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The characteristics of yield formation and population dynamics and mechanisms of high-yielding formation were identified in pot seedling of mechanical transplanting japonica rice.【Method】Twenty-four japonica rice cultivars which have different weights of single panicle were grown by unified high-yielding cultivation in 2010, and were divided into three panicle types by clustering analysis with average single panicle in maturity. Three panicle types of japonica rice cultivars including large panicle type (LPT, Yongyou 2640 and Yongyou 8) and medium panicle type (MPT, Wuyunjing 24 and Ningjing 3) and small panicle type (SPT, Huaidao 5 and Huaidao 10) were field-grown from 2011 to 2012 in Diaoyu town, Xinghua county, Jiangsu province, China. By setting carpet seedling of mechanical transplanting rice (CS) as CK, the yield and yield formation, number of population stem and tiller, leaf area index (LAI) and dry matter accumulation of pot seedling of mechanical transplanting rice (PS) were investigated, and high-yielding formation mechanisms of PS were also explored in respect of seedling quality, matter accumulation after transplanting, plant type, staged photosynthetic matter production, photosynthetic potential (PP), crop growing rate (CGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR), matter transport in stem and sheath and root activity. 【Result】 Yield was significantly or very significantly higher in PS than CS. The range of increased yield was 8.71%-11.11% in large panicle-type variety, medium panicle-type variety was 6.85%-7.89%, and small panicle-type variety was 5.30%-6.34%. The increased yield was mainly attributed to higher total spikelets in PS, which owning to sufficient panicle and expanding spikelets per panicle. Compared with CS, PS had earlier tiller, suitable peak seedling tillers, slower reducing rate of tillers after jointing, enough effective panicles and higher ratio of productive tillers to total tillers at maturity. Leaf area index and dry matter accumulation in PS was significantly higher at the critical stage for effective tiller and very significantly greater at and after booting stage, and higher 5.17%-11.00% and 5.36%-9.20% at maturity than CS. The mechanisms of high-yielding formation in PS was that: After transplanting, there had strong seedling, better population started quality, earlier seedling establishment, faster tiller, more tillers of low position and greater dry matter weight of aboveground and root; They formed higher photosynthetic efficiency and quality population at heading, which had tighter plant type, better canopy, bigger leaf area, higher specific leaf weight, stronger stem and sheath, greater grain-leaf ratio; At the late growing stage, there had stronger root activity, slower decreasing rate of leaf area, higher photosynthetic potential and crop growing rate and net assimilation rate, greater dry matter accumulation, more coordinated matter export and translocation of stem and sheath.【Conclusion】With better population started quality and earlier tiller, pot seedling of mechanical transplanting rice had obvious advantages, especially, higher photosynthetic matter production and greater dry matter accumulation at the middle and late growing stages, which the yield formation characteristics were sufficient panicle, larger panicle type and more spikelets per panicle

Key words: rice , pot seedling of mechanical transplanting , yield formation characteristics , population characteristics , high- yielding formation mechanism

HU Ya-Jie-1, XING Zhi-Peng-1, GONG Jin-Long-1, LIU Guo-Tao-1, ZHANG Hong-Cheng-1, DAI Qi-Gen-1, HUO Zhong-Yang-1, XU Ke-1, WEI Hai-Yan-1, GUO Bao-Wei-1, SHA An-Qin-2, ZHOU You-Yan-2, LUO Xue-Chao-2, LIU Guo-Lin-2. Study on Population Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms for High Yield of Pot-Seedling Mechanical Transplanting Rice[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(5): 865-879.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.05.004

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2014/V47/I5/865

References

[1]朱德峰, 陈惠哲, 徐一成. 我国水稻种植机械化的发展前景与对策. 北方水稻, 2007(5): 13-18.

Zhu D F, Chen H Z, Xu Y C. Countermeasure and perspective of mechanization of rice planting in China. North Rice, 2007(5): 13-18. (in Chinese)

[2]Peng S, Gassman K G, Virmani S S, Sheehy J, Khush G S. Yield potential trends of tropical rice since release of IR8 and the challenge of increasing rice yield potential. Crop Science, 1999, 39: 1552-1559.

[3]姚月明, 王海候, 宋浩, 郁寅良. 杂交晚粳常优1号机插超高产栽培的产量形成机理研究. 上海农业学报, 2010, 26(4): 103-108.

Yao Y M, Wang H H, Song H, Yu Y L. Study on the yield formation mechanism of ultrahigh yield culture of mechanically-transplanted late hybrid japonica Changyou 1. Acta Agriculture Shanghai, 2010, 26(4): 103-108. (in Chinese)

[4]朱德峰, 陈惠哲. 水稻机插秧发展与粮食安全. 中国稻米, 2009(6): 4-7.

Zhu D F, Chen H Z. The development of machine transplanted rice and food security. China Rice, 2009(6): 4-7. (in Chinese)

[5]高连兴, 赵秀荣. 机械化移栽方式对水稻产量及主要性状的影响. 农业工程学报, 2002, 18(5): 45-48.

Gao L X, Zhao X R. Effect of mechanized transplanting methods on rice yield and rice population growth trends. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2002, 18(5): 45-48. (in Chinese)

[6]胡雅杰, 邢志鹏, 龚金龙, 张洪程, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 李德剑, 沙安勤, 周有炎, 刘国林, 陆秀军, 刘国涛, 朱嘉炜. 适宜机插株行距提高不同穗型粳稻产量. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(14): 33-44.

Hu Y J, Xing Z P, Gong J L, Zhang H C, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Li D J, Sha A Q, Zhou Y Y, Liu G L, Lu X J, Liu G T, Zhu J W. Suitable spacing in and between rows of plants by machinery improves yield of different panicle type japonica rices. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 29(14): 33-44. (in Chinese)

[7]吴崇友, 金诚谦, 卢晏. 我国水稻种植机械发展问题探讨. 农业工程学报, 2000, 16(2): 21-23.

Wu C Y, Jin C Q, Lu Y. Discussion of developing rice planting machine in China. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2000, 16(2): 21-23. (in Chinese)

[8]张洪程, 李杰, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 钱银飞, 黄大山, 夏炎. 机插稻“标秧、精插、稳发、早搁、优中、强后”高产栽培精确定量关键技术. 中国稻米, 2010, 16(5): 1-6.

Zhang H C, Li J, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Qian Y F, Huang D S, Xia Y. The key techniques of “standardizing seedlings, precise transplanting, steady growing, earlier drainage, optimizing middle-stage, strengthening later-stage” model for precise quantitative high-yielding cultivation of mechanical transplanting rice. China Rice, 2010, 16(5): 1-6. (in Chinese)

[9]Cheng S H, Zhuang J Y, Fan Y Y, Du J H, Cao L Y. Progress in research and development on hybrid rice: a super-domesticate in China. Annals of Botany, 2007, 100: 959-966.

[10]李杰, 张洪程, 钱银飞, 郭振华, 陈烨, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 李德剑, 华正雄, 沙安勤, 周有炎, 刘国林. 两个杂交粳稻组合超高产生长特性的研究. 中国水稻科学, 2009, 23(2): 179-185.

Li J, Zhang H C, Qian Y F, Guo Z H, Chen Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Li D J, Hua Z X, Sha A Q, Zhou Y Y, Liu G L. Growth characteristics of two super-high-yielding japonica hybrid rice combinations. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2009, 23(2): 179-185. (in Chinese)

[11]成永芳. 日本RX-6型水稻钵苗移栽机引进试验简报. 农机与食品机械, 1999(3): 27-31.

Cheng Y F. Bulletin trial of pot seedling of mechanical transplanted rice (RX-6) of Japan. Agricultural Machinery and Food Machine, 1999(3): 27-31. (in Chinese)

[12]王立臣, 王苹, 李益民, 宋建农. 2ZPY-H530型水稻钵苗行栽机试验研究. 中国农业大学学报, 2002, 7(4): 21-24.

Wang L C, Wang P, Li Y M, Song J N. Research on trial of pot seedling of mechanical transplanted rice (2ZPY-H530). Journal of China Agricultural University, 2002, 7(4): 21-24. (in Chinese)

[13]陈恒高, 张义峰, 董晓威. 新型水稻栽植机的研究. 黑龙江八一农垦大学学报, 2005, 17(4): 39-41.

Chen H G, Zhang Y F, Dong X W. Study on a new type rice transplanting machine. Journal of Heilongjiang August First Land Reclamation University, 2005, 17(4): 39-41. (in Chinese)

[14]邴延忠, 陈宗凯. 水稻钵苗移栽机械化技术研发与应用. 农机科技推广, 2011(4): 52.

Bing Y Z, Chen Z K. Research and application on the technology of pot seedling of mechanical transplanted rice. Agriculture Machinery Technology Extension, 2011(4): 52. (in Chinese)

[15]孙德超, 李晓东, 姜阿利, 汪曼. 水稻钵育秧苗机插技术特点及其优势. 农业机械, 2010, 20: 69.

Sui D C, Li X D, Jiang A L, Wang M. The characteristics and advantages of technology of pot seedling mechanical transplanting rice. Farm Machinery, 2010, 20: 69. (in Chinese)

[16]张洪程. 钵苗机插水稻生产特点及其利用的核心技术. 农机市场, 2012(8): 19-21.

Zhang H C. Characteristic of production of pot seedling of mechanical transplanted rice and its using key technology. Agricultural Machinery Market, 2012(8): 19-21. (in Chinese)

[17]钱银飞, 张洪程, 吴文革, 陈烨, 李杰, 郭振华, 张强, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕. 机插穴苗数对不同穗型粳稻品种产量及品质的影响. 作物学报, 2009, 35(9): 1689-1707.

Qian Y F, Zhang H C, Wu W G, Chen Y, Li J, Guo C H, Zhang Q, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y. Effects of seedlings number per hill on grain yield and quality in different panicle types of mechanical transplanted japonica rice. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2009, 35(9): 1689-1707. (in Chinese)

[18]李刚华, 于林惠, 侯朋福, 王绍华, 刘正辉, 王强盛, 凌启鸿, 丁艳锋. 机插水稻适宜基本苗定量参数的获取与验证. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(8): 98-104.

Li G H, Yu L H, Hou P F, Wang S H, Liu Z H, Wang Q S, Lin Q H, Ding Y F. Calculation and verification of quantitative parameters of optimal planting density of machine-transplant rice. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(8): 98-104. (in Chinese)

[19]于林惠, 李刚华, 徐晶晶, 凌启鸿, 丁艳锋. 基于高产示范方的机插水稻群体特征研究. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 26(4): 451-456.

Yu L H, Li G H, Xu J J, Ling Q H, Ding Y F. Population characteristics of machine-transplanted japonica rice based on high-yield demonstration fields. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2012, 26(4): 451-456. (in Chinese)

[20]Huang M, Zou Y B, Jiang P, Xia B, Ibrahim M, Ao H J. Relationship between grain yield and yield components in super hybrid rice. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2011, 10(10): 1537-1544.

[21]吴文革, 张洪程, 吴桂成, 翟超群, 钱银飞, 陈烨, 徐军, 戴其根, 许轲. 超级稻群体籽粒库容特征的初步研究. 中国农业科学, 2007, 40(2): 250-257.

Wu W G, Zhang H C, Wu G C, Zhai C Q, Qian Y F, Chen Y, Xu J, Dai Q G, Xu K. Preliminary study on super rice population sink characters. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2007, 40(2): 250-257. (in Chinese)

[22]马均,马文波,明东风,杨世民,朱庆森.重穗型水稻株型特性研究. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39(4): 679-685.

Ma J, Ma W B, Ming D F, Yang S M, Zhu Q S. Studies on the characteristics of rice plant with heavy panicle. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2006, 39(4): 679-685. (in Chinese)

[23]张洪程, 赵品恒, 孙菊英, 吴桂成, 徐军, 端木银熙, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕. 机插杂交粳稻超高产形成群体特征. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(2): 39-44.

Zhang H C, Zhao P H, Sun J Y, Wu G C, X J, Duanmu Y X, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y. Population characteristics of super high yield formation of mechanical transplanted japonica hybrid rice. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(2): 39-44. (in Chinese)

[24]李刚华, 张国发, 陈功磊, 王绍华, 凌启鸿, 丁艳锋. 超高产常规粳稻宁粳1号和宁粳3号群体特征及对氮的响应. 作物学报, 2009, 35(6): 1106-1114.

Li G H, Zhang G F, Chen G L, Wang S H, Ling Q H, Ding Y F. Population characteristics of super japonica rice Ningjing 1 and Ningjing 3 and its responses to nitrogen. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2009, 35(6): 1106-1114. (in Chinese)

[25]龚金龙, 胡雅杰, 葛梦婕, 龙厚元, 常勇, 马群, 杨雄, 张洪程, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕. 南方粳型超级稻氮肥群体最高生产力及其形成特征的研究. 核农学报, 2012, 26(3): 0558-0572

Gong J L, Hu Y J, Ge M J, Long H Y, Chang Y, Ma Q, Yang X, Zhang H C, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y. The highest population productivity of N fertilization and its formation characteristics on japonica super rice in south China. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 26(3): 0558-0572. (in Chinese)

[26]钱银飞. 不同穗型水稻品种机插规格的综合研究[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2009.

Qian Y F. Studies on effect of transplanting pattern on different panicle type mechanical transplanted rice[D]. Yangzhou: Yangzhou University, 2009. (in Chinese)

[27]李杰, 张洪程, 董洋阳, 倪晓诚, 杨波, 龚金龙, 常勇, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕. 不同生态区栽培方式对水稻产量、生育期及温光利用的影响. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(13): 2661-2672.

Li J, Zhang H C, Dong Y Y, Ni X C, Yang B, Gong J L, Chang Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y. Effects of cultivation methods on yield, growth stage and utilization of temperature and illumination of rice in different ecological regions. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(13): 2661-2672. (in Chinese)

[28]于林惠, 丁艳锋, 薛艳凤, 凌启鸿, 袁钊和. 水稻机插秧田间育秧秧苗素质影响因素研究. 农业工程学报, 2006, 22(3): 73-78.

Yu L H, Ding Y F, Xue Y F, Ling Q H, Yuan Z H. Factors affecting rice seedling quality o f mechanical transplanting rice. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2006, 22(3): 73-78. (in Chinese)

[29]龚金龙, 胡雅杰, 龙厚元, 常勇, 李杰, 张洪程, 马荣荣, 王晓燕, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 邓张泽, 明庆龙. 大穗型杂交粳稻产量构成因素协同特征及穗部性状. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(11): 2147-2158.

Gong J L, Hu Y J, Long H Y, Chang Y, Li J, Zhang H C, Ma R R, Wang X Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Deng Z Z, Ming Q L. Study on collaborating characteristics of grain yield components and panicle traits of large panicle hybrid japonica rice. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(11): 2147-2158. (in Chinese)

[30]张洪程, 吴桂成, 李德剑, 肖跃成, 龚金龙, 李杰, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 高辉, 魏海燕, 沙安勤, 周有炎, 王宝金, 吴爱国. 杂交粳稻13.5 t hm-2 超高产群体动态特征及形成机制的探讨. 作物学报, 2010, 36(9): 1547-1558.

Zhang H C, Wu G C, Li D J, Xiao Y C, Gong J L, Li J, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Gao H, Wei H Y, Sha A Q, Zhou Y Y, Wang B J, Wu A G. Population characteristics and formation mechanism for super-high-yielding hybrid japonica rice (13.5 t ha-1). Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2010, 36(9): 1547-1558. (in Chinese)

[31]张洪程, 郭保卫, 陈厚存, 周兴涛, 张军, 朱聪聪, 陈京都, 李桂云, 吴中华, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 高辉, 杨雄. 水稻有序摆、抛栽的生理生态特征及超高产形成机制. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(3): 463-475.

Zhang H C, Guo B W, Chen H C, Zhou X T, Zhang J, Zhu C C, Chen J D, Li G Y, Wu Z H, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Gao H, Yang X. Eco-physiological characteristics and super high yield formation mechanism of ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting rice. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(3): 463-475. (in Chinese)

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Study on Population Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms for High Yield of Pot-Seedling Mechanical Transplanting Rice

RichHTML

PDF

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	XIAO DeShun, XU ChunMei, WANG DanYing, ZHANG XiuFu, CHEN Song, CHU Guang, LIU YuanHui. Effects of Rhizosphere Oxygen Environment on Phosphorus Uptake of Rice Seedlings and Its Physiological Mechanisms in Hydroponic Condition [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(2): 236-248.
[2]	ZHANG XiaoLi, TAO Wei, GAO GuoQing, CHEN Lei, GUO Hui, ZHANG Hua, TANG MaoYan, LIANG TianFeng. Effects of Direct Seeding Cultivation Method on Growth Stage, Lodging Resistance and Yield Benefit of Double-Cropping Early Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(2): 249-263.
[3]	ZHANG Wei,YAN LingLing,FU ZhiQiang,XU Ying,GUO HuiJuan,ZHOU MengYao,LONG Pan. Effects of Sowing Date on Yield of Double Cropping Rice and Utilization Efficiency of Light and Heat Energy in Hunan Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 31-45.
[4]	FENG XiangQian,YIN Min,WANG MengJia,MA HengYu,CHU Guang,LIU YuanHui,XU ChunMei,ZHANG XiuFu,ZHANG YunBo,WANG DanYing,CHEN Song. Effects of Meteorological Factors on Quality of Late Japonica Rice During Late Season Grain Filling Stage Under ‘Early Indica and Late Japonica’ Cultivation Pattern in Southern China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(1): 46-63.
[5]	SANG ShiFei,CAO MengYu,WANG YaNan,WANG JunYi,SUN XiaoHan,ZHANG WenLing,JI ShengDong. Research Progress of Nitrogen Efficiency Related Genes in Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1479-1491.
[6]	GUI RunFei,WANG ZaiMan,PAN ShengGang,ZHANG MingHua,TANG XiangRu,MO ZhaoWen. Effects of Nitrogen-Reducing Side Deep Application of Liquid Fertilizer at Tillering Stage on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Fragrant Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1529-1545.
[7]	LIAO Ping,MENG Yi,WENG WenAn,HUANG Shan,ZENG YongJun,ZHANG HongCheng. Effects of Hybrid Rice on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency: A Meta-Analysis [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1546-1556.
[8]	HAN XiaoTong,YANG BaoJun,LI SuXuan,LIAO FuBing,LIU ShuHua,TANG Jian,YAO Qing. Intelligent Forecasting Method of Rice Sheath Blight Based on Images [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1557-1567.
[9]	GAO JiaRui,FANG ShengZhi,ZHANG YuLing,AN Jing,YU Na,ZOU HongTao. Characteristics of Organic Nitrogen Mineralization in Paddy Soil with Different Reclamation Years in Black Soil of Northeast China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(8): 1579-1588.
[10]	ZHU DaWei,ZHANG LinPing,CHEN MingXue,FANG ChangYun,YU YongHong,ZHENG XiaoLong,SHAO YaFang. Characteristics of High-Quality Rice Varieties and Taste Sensory Evaluation Values in China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(7): 1271-1283.
[11]	ZHAO Ling, ZHANG Yong, WEI XiaoDong, LIANG WenHua, ZHAO ChunFang, ZHOU LiHui, YAO Shu, WANG CaiLin, ZHANG YaDong. Mapping of QTLs for Chlorophyll Content in Flag Leaves of Rice on High-Density Bin Map [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(5): 825-836.
[12]	JIANG JingJing,ZHOU TianYang,WEI ChenHua,WU JiaNing,ZHANG Hao,LIU LiJun,WANG ZhiQin,GU JunFei,YANG JianChang. Effects of Crop Management Practices on Grain Quality of Superior and Inferior Spikelets of Super Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(5): 874-889.
[13]	ZHANG YaLing, GAO Qing, ZHAO Yuhan, LIU Rui, FU Zhongju, LI Xue, SUN Yujia, JIN XueHui. Evaluation of Rice Blast Resistance and Genetic Structure Analysis of Rice Germplasm in Heilongjiang Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(4): 625-640.
[14]	WANG YaLiang,ZHU DeFeng,CHEN RuoXia,FANG WenYing,WANG JingQing,XIANG Jing,CHEN HuiZhe,ZHANG YuPing,CHEN JiangHua. Beneficial Effects of Precision Drill Sowing with Low Seeding Rates in Machine Transplanting for Hybrid Rice to Improve Population Uniformity and Yield [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(4): 666-679.
[15]	CHEN TingTing, FU WeiMeng, YU Jing, FENG BaoHua, LI GuangYan, FU GuanFu, TAO LongXing. The Photosynthesis Characteristics of Colored Rice Leaves and Its Relation with Antioxidant Capacity and Anthocyanin Content [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(3): 467-478.