Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (20): 4226-4236.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.20.011

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Soil Ecoenzymatic Stoichiometry and Relationship with Microbial Biomass in Fluvo-Aquic Soils with Various Fertilities

ZHANG Lu1,2(),ZHANG ShuiQing3,REN KeYu2,LI JunJie2,DUAN YingHua2(),XU MingGang2,4()   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118
    2Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Beijing 100081
    3Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002
    4South Asian Institute of Tropical Crops, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091,Guangdong
  • Received:2020-01-19 Accepted:2020-04-24 Online:2020-10-16 Published:2020-10-26
  • Contact: YingHua DUAN,MingGang XU E-mail:875374809@qq.com;duanyinghua@caas.cn;xuminggang@caas.cn

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Abstract:

【Objective】 Microorganisms and soil enzymes are important drivers for nutrient cycles in farmland soil. To improve the soil fertility and apply fertilizer reasonably, it’s essential to understand the ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus (C : N : P) and quantify its relationship with microbial biomass in soils with various soil fertility levels.【Method】Soil samples were collected from five farmer fields, including high, medium and low fertility levels. Soil type was fluvo-aquic soil. The contents of microbial biomass C and N (SMBC and SMBN), activities of five enzymes and integrated enzyme index (IEI) were analyzed. The enzymes included C-related: β-1, 4-glucosidase (BG) and Cellobiohydrolase (CBH); N-related: β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP); P-related: alkaline phosphatase (AP). The stoichiometry of the enzymes and its relationship with corresponding microbial biomass were studied. 【Result】 The SMBC of high fertility soil was 2.6 and 5.8 times of that in medium and low fertility soil, respectively, and SMBN in high fertility soil was about 3.1 and 5.5 times as much as that in medium and low fertility soils, respectively. There was no significant difference for SMBC/SMBN among the soils. All the five enzyme activities and IEIfollowed the same trend among soils: high fertility > medium fertility > low fertility, and there was a positive linear correlation between C-related/N-related enzymes with SMBC/SMBN. The slope of the relationship indicated that the activity of (BG + CBH) and (NAG + LAP) were increased by 0.134 and 10.53 nmol·g-1·h-1 when SMBC and SMBN were increased by 1 mg·kg-1, respectively. The ratio were lower than 1 both for ln (BG+CBH) : ln (NAG+LAP) and ln (BG+CBH) : ln AP, indicating that the primary limiting factor for nutrient transformation was carbon resource in fluvo-aquic soil. The C : N : P stoichiometry of enzymes in high fertility soil was closer to optimum value than that in low fertility soil.【Conclusion】Application of organic materials, such as manure and straw, would be an efficiency management strategy to promote nutrient cycling by supplement C resources in fluvo-aquic soil. Appropriate ecoenzymatic C : N : P stoichiometry might contribute the high yield and nutrient use efficiency in high fertility soil.

Key words: fluvo-aquic soil, soil fertility, nutrient limitation, eco-stoichiometry, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, extracellular enzyme activity

Table 1

Basic properties of soil with different fertility levels"

土壤编号
Soil number		 有机碳
Organic C
(g·kg-1)		 全氮
Total N
(g·kg-1)		 全磷
Total P
(g·kg-1)		 全钾
Total K
(g·kg-1)		 碱解氮
Alkaline N
(mg·kg-1)		 速效磷
Olsen-P
(mg·kg-1)		 速效钾
Available K (mg·kg-1)		 pH
S1 2.94 0.31 0.60 20.68 43.8 13.7 160.7 8.22
S2 7.89 0.82 0.83 21.98 73.6 41.4 246.7 8.23
S3 8.79 0.86 0.95 20.54 55.1 35.2 106.8 8.39
S4 9.41 0.93 0.79 21.17 69.7 54.7 211.3 8.37
S5 16.14 1.61 1.17 21.83 112.6 37.4 258.2 8.11

Table 2

Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in different fertility soils"

土壤编号
Soil number		 微生物量碳
SMBC (mg·kg-1)		 微生物量氮
SMBN (mg·kg-1)		 SMBC/SMBN SMBC/SOC
(%)		 SMBN/TN
(%)
S1 114.87e 15.21d 7.66b 3.91a 4.92a
S2 239.52c 19.26d 12.43a 3.03bc 2.35d
S3 215.42d 23.00c 9.56b 2.65c 2.83c
S4 312.48b 37.95b 8.24b 3.42ab 4.08b
S5 662.48a 84.05a 7.88b 4.02a 5.23a

Fig. 1

Extracellular enzyme activity and integrated enzyme index related to carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus transformation in different fertility soils BG+CBH represents the sum of the activities of the enzymes BG and CBH related to soil carbon conversion, NAG+LAP represents the sum of the activities of the enzymes NAG and LAP related to nitrogen conversion, and AP represents the enzymes related to phosphorus conversion"

Fig. 2

Relationship between extracellular enzyme activities related to carbon and nitrogen transformation and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in different fertility soils BG+CBH represents the sum of the activities of the enzymes BG and CBH related to soil carbon conversion, NAG+LAP represents the sum of the activities of the enzymes NAG and LAP related to nitrogen conversion"

Fig. 3

Stoichiometry of extracellular enzymes in different fertility soils ln(BG+CBH) represents the natural logarithm of the sum of the activities of enzymes BG and CBH related to soil carbon conversion, and ln(NAG+LAP) represents the natural logarithm of the sum of the activities of enzymes NAG and LAP related related to nitrogen conversion, lnAP represents the natural logarithm of the enzyme AP associated with phosphorus conversion"

Fig. 4

Redundant analysis of extracellular enzyme activity and basic properties of different fertility soils BG+CBH represents the sum of the activities of the enzymes BG and CBH related to soil carbon conversion, NAG+LAP represents the sum of the activities of the enzymes NAG and LAP related to nitrogen conversion, and AP represents the enzymes related to phosphorus conversion, SOC, TN, TP, TK, Olsen-P, AK, C/N, and pH represent soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus, available potassium, carbon-nitrogen ratio, and pH, respectively"

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