长期施用有机肥对潮土区甘薯碳氮积累与分配的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.10.010

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The accumulation and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in sweet potato is the key factor of yield formation, the response relationship between carbon and nitrogen accumulation and distribution in sweetpotato under long-term organic fertilizer addition was studied to provide scientific basis for high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of sweetpotato in fluvo-aquic soil region. 【Method】Based on the 40-year long-term locating test of fluvo-aquic soil (Xuzhou), the treatments of no fertilizer (CK), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer (NPK), organic fertilizer (M), organic fertilizer + nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer (MNPK) were selected as the research objects,soil properties, aboveground / underground biomass and carbon and nitrogen contents of main functional organs of sweet potato under different fertilization measures were measured and analyzed, the effects of different fertilization treatments on the content of carbon and nitrogen in sweet potato and the distribution ratio of carbon and nitrogen in various functional organs, as well as the changes of the ratio of carbon and nitrogen (C/N) in the aboveground and underground parts of sweet potato under different fertilization measures were expounded. The relationship between the distribution of carbon and nitrogen in sweet potato and soil properties was analyzed by principal component analysis.【Result】Compared with single application of organic fertilizer (M) or chemical fertilizer (NPK), long-term application of organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer (MNPK) significantly increased the biomass and dry matter quality of sweet potato root tuber (P<0.05). At the same time, the contents of total nitrogen and available potassium in soil were significantly increased (P<0.01). The correlation analysis between soil properties and C/N fixation and C/N ratio of sweet potato showed that the C/N fixation of sweet potato organs was significantly positively correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) (P<0.01), and significantly positively correlated with soil available potassium (AK) (P<0.05). However, the content of soil available phosphorus (AP) was not correlated with the content of carbon and nitrogen in sweet potato leaves, but positively correlated with the nitrogen fixation of root tuber (P<0.01), with a correlation coefficient of 0.839. The C/N ratio of leaves of sweet potato was positively correlated with soil EC (P<0.01), and the C/N ratio of petioles and stems of sweet potato was negatively correlated with soil EC (P<0.01) . The C/N ratio of underground tubers of sweet potato was negatively correlated with soil available phosphorus (P<0.01); principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the distribution ratio of carbon and nitrogen fixation in aboveground and underground parts and the C/N ratio of aboveground and underground parts. The results showed that the first two axes explained 66.6% of the variation, and the contribution rate of the first principal component axis was 42.8%. The order of CK and NPK treatments on axis 1 was higher, which indicated that the soil pH and EC values were higher under both treatments, and the explanations for the distribution of carbon and nitrogen in the aboveground part and C/N in the underground part of sweet potato were higher.【Conclusion】It can be seen that organic material addition can reasonably allocate C/N of each organ, improve the distribution ratio of carbon and nitrogen in the storage root part of sweetpotato, and promote the formation of sweetpotato yield.

Key words: long-term application of organic fertilizer, fluvo-aquic soil, sweetpotato, C/N, soil nutrients

ZHAO Peng,LIU Ming,JIN Rong,CHEN XiaoGuang,ZHANG AiJun,TANG ZhongHou,WEI Meng. Effects of Long-Term Application of Organic Fertilizer on Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Distribution of Sweetpotato in Fluvo- Aquic Soil Area[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(10): 2142-2153.

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References 43

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处理 Treatment	N (kg·hm^-2 )	P₂O₅ (kg·hm^-2)	K₂O (kg·hm^-2)	有机肥 Organic fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)
CK	0	0	0	0
NPK	300	150	225	0
M	0	0	0	37500
MNPK	300	150	225	37500

处理 Treatment	pH (1:5 water)	EC (μs·cm^-1)	SOC (g·kg^-1)	TN (g·kg^-1)	AP (mg·kg^-1)	AK (mg·kg^-1)
CK	7.95±0.09 a	356.73±20.54 a	8.42±1.12 c	0.73±0.04 d	5.84±2.48 c	38.08±5.44 d
NPK	7.91±0.06 ab	130.78±7.16 b	13.06±2.2 b	1.22±0.12 c	12.87±1.74 c	92.11±2.28 b
M	7.94±0.04 a	77.32±14.16 c	17.63±1.49 a	1.48±0.09 b	173.84±22.6 a	65.08±9.96 c
MNPK	7.82±0.05 b	133.95±7.33 b	18.18±1.13 a	1.67±0.05 a	131.45±8.58 b	124.56±14.81 a

处理 Treatment	生物量 Biomass (t·hm^-2)				干物质量 Dry matter (t·hm^-2)
	地上部 Aboveground			块根 Tuberous roots	地上部 Aboveground			块根 Tuberous roots
	叶片 Leaf	叶柄 Petiole	藤蔓 Stem	块根 Tuberous roots	叶片 Leaf	叶柄 Petiole	藤蔓 Stem	块根 Tuberous roots
CK	2.86 b	1.49 c	1.38 c	11.44 c	0.61 b	0.15 c	0.27 b	4.03 c
NPK	7.37 a	5.28 b	5.23 b	30.8 b	1.62 a	0.43 b	1.05 a	9.96 b
M	5.99 a	5.99 ab	5.99 ab	38.33 b	1.13 a	0.53 ab	0.94 a	11.49 b
MNPK	7.81 a	8.36 a	7.26 a	49.22 a	1.41 a	0.65 a	1.04 a	15.51 a

参数 Parameter		pH	EC	土壤有机碳SOC	全氮TN	有效磷AP	速效钾AK
碳固持量 The fixation of C	叶Leaf	-0.465	-0.602*	0.678**	0.689**	0.419	0.717**
	叶柄Periole	-0.432	-0.768**	0.839**	0.839**	0.655**	0.736**
	藤蔓Stem	-0.307	-0.885**	0.773**	0.820**	0.589*	0.636**
	根Root	-0.573*	-0.682**	0.771**	0.822**	0.515*	0.834**
氮固持量 The fixation of N	叶Leaf	-0.328	-0.738**	0.659**	0.695**	0.339	0.730**
	叶柄Periole	-0.560*	-0.692**	0.860**	0.863**	0.662**	0.802**
	藤蔓Stem	-0.363	-0.790**	0.722**	0.750**	0.541*	0.628**
	根Root	-0.393	-0.719**	0.861**	0.887**	0.839**	0.621*
碳氮比 C/N	叶Leaf	-0.017	0.662**	-0.280	-0.385	-0.120	-0.343
	叶柄Periole	0.132	-0.724**	0.372	0.412	0.287	0.243
	藤蔓Stem	0.020	-0.643**	0.420	0.524*	0.313	0.368
	根Root	-0.044	0.242	-0.461	-0.409	-0.782**	0.081

Effects of Long-Term Application of Organic Fertilizer on Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Distribution of Sweetpotato in Fluvo- Aquic Soil Area

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