甘蓝型油菜半矮秆突变体dw-1的遗传分析与激素响应特性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.10.001

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Plant height has an great effect on lodging resistant, productivity and mechanical operation in rapeseed. Identification and research of dwarf and semi-dwarf germplasm in rapeseed will facilitate genetic improvement of plant height. At present, excellent dwarf germplasm in rapeseed is seriously deficient. In this study, we obtained a semi-dwarf natural mutant in B. napus and it was evaluated by phenotypic identification, genetic analysis and morphological and physiological analysis correlated to plant hormone. This work provide a theoretical basis for dwarf breeding and will contribute to further gene mapping and cloning.【Method】 A semi-dwarf mutant discovered from rapeseed line 141492 after six generations of self-crossing was used to produce DH population by isolated microspores culture, from which we choose one named dw-1 with the average plant height of 95 cm (83-105 cm) to identify its performance on agronomic traits, economic traits and disease resistance. Joint segregation analysis of six generations derived from a cross between dw-1 and wild type was carried out to reveal the inheritance of plant height based on major gene plus polygene mixed model. Morphology analysis of light and dark treatment (16 hL/8 hD, 24 hD) and exogenous gibberellins sensibility test of hypocotyls and stems were performed to classify the mutant. 【Result】 Compared with wild type, 1000-seed weight did not change while disease index of sclerotinia stem rot, number of secondary braches and number of siliques per plant increased significantly or extremely significantly in dw-1. Length of main inflorescence, number of primary branches, plant height, branch height, height of gravity center, number of siliques on main inflorescence, seeds per silique and yield per plant decreased significantly or extremely significantly and growth duration was shortened remarkably. Genetic analysis indicated that dw-1 was controlled by a pair of major gene with additive-dominant effects plus polygene with additive-dominant-epistasis effects (D-0 model). Additive effect and degree of dominance of major gene were -47.5 and 0.2, respectively. The heritability of major gene in B₁, B₂, F₂ population were 76.0%, 84.0% and 85.0%, respectively, and those of polygene were 4.1%, 5.6% and 6.7%, respectively. Morphogenesis of dw-1 was normal and the length of hypocotyl of dw-1 was decreased significantly compared with the wild type regardless of light or dark condition (P < 0.01). Exogenous gibberellic acid 3 (GA₃) with lower concentration had no obvious effect on elongation of hypocotyls and stems in dw-1 while they could be partially rescued in higher concentration but not to the wild type phenotype. 【Conclusion】 Mutant dw-1 with good comprehensive performance was mainly controlled by one pair of additive-dominant major gene dominated by additive effect. Selection of plant height can be carried out in earlier generation of conventional hybridization breeding. dw-1 was unrelated to brassinosteroid (BR) pathway and showed a reduced response to GA₃.

Key words: Brassica napus L., dwarf mutant, genetic analysis, brassinosteroids, gibberellic acid

SONG Xi, PU DingFu, TIAN LuShen, YU QingQing, YANG YuHeng, Dai BingBing, ZHAO ChangBin, HUANG ChengYun, DENG WuMing. Genetic Analysis and Characterization of Hormone Response of Semi-Dwarf Mutant dw-1 in Brasscia napus L.[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(10): 1667-1677.

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材料 Material	株高 PH	分枝部位高度 BH	重心高度 HGC	全生育期 GD	主序有效长 LMI	主序角果数 SMI	一次分枝数 PB	二次分枝数 SB	单株角果数 SP	千粒重 SW	每角粒数 SS	单株产量 YP	菌核病病指 DISSR
WT	194.1±4.6	57.1±1.8	90.9±2.5	208.7±0.6	76.9±1.4	109.9±2.4	13.8±0.5	4.5±1.6	745.1±27.1	3.42±0.04	10.2±0.3	25.8±1.3	8.1±3.0
dw-1	120.0±4.7	15.7±2.0	59.8±2.6	203.3±0.6	66.2±1.5	80.1±3.5	11.6±0.2	17.2±1.3	836.5±17.1	3.27±0.05	5.9±0.6	16.2±1.7	19.4±1.6
±WT(%)	-38.2**	-72.5**	-34.2**	-2.6**	-13.9*	-27.1**	-15.9**	282.2**	12.3**	-4.4	-42.2**	-37.2**	139.5*

模型 Model	模型含义 Implication of model	极大似然值 MLV	AIC值 AIC value	模型 Model	模型含义 Implication of model	极大似然值 MLV	AIC值 AIC value
A-1	1MG-AD	-10417.3	20842.6	D-0	MX1-AD-ADI	-10267.8	20559.5
A-2	1MG-A	-10488.1	20982.2	D-1	MX1-AD-AD	-10339.9	20697.8
A-3	1MG-EAD	-10715.3	21436.7	D-2	MX1-A-AD	-10414.3	20844.6
A-4	1MG-NCD	-10981.0	21968.1	D-3	MX1-EAD-AD	-10450.5	20916.9
B-1	2MG-ADI	-10277.0	20574.1	D-4	MX1-NCD-AD	-10519.0	21053.9
B-2	2MG-AD	-10383.8	20779.7	E-0	MX2-ADI-ADI	-10267.0	20570.1
B-3	2MG-A	-10575.4	21158.8	E-1	MX2-ADI-AD	-10357.0	20744.1
B-4	2MG-EA	-10702.4	21410.8	E-2	MX2-AD-AD	-10334.8	20691.7
B-5	2MG-CD	-10715.4	21438.7	E-3	MX2-A-AD	-10280.7	20579.5
B-6	2MG-EAD	-10796.8	21599.5	E-4	MX2-EA-AD	-10517.1	21050.1
C-0	PG-ADI	-10543.2	21106.4	E-5	MX2-CD-AD	-10450.4	20918.9
C-1	PG-AD	-10579.2	21172.5	E-6	MX2-EAD-AD	-10525.1	21066.1

模型 Model	一阶遗传参数 1st order genetic parameter	估计值 Estimate	二阶遗传参数 2nd order genetic parameter	估计值 Estimate
模型 Model	一阶遗传参数 1st order genetic parameter	估计值 Estimate	二阶遗传参数 2nd order genetic parameter	B₁	B₂	F₂
MX1-AD-ADI	m₁	163.3	σ²_p	513.4	980.7	1228.3
	m₂	162.8	σ²_mg	390.2	824.1	1043.8
	m₃	153.4	σ²_pg	21.2	54.6	82.5
	m₄	167.8	h²_mg(%)	76.0	84.0	85.0
	m₅	150.6	h²_pg(%)	4.1	5.6	6.7
	m₆	156.2	h²_{mg +pg} (%)	80.1	89.6	91.7
	d	-47.5
	h	-7.7
	h/d	0.2

Genetic Analysis and Characterization of Hormone Response of Semi-Dwarf Mutant dw-1 in Brasscia napus L.

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群体 Population	株高分布Distribution of plant height (cm)															样本容量 Sample size	平均值± 标准差 Mean±SD
群体 Population	≤90	91-100	101-110	111-120	121-130	131-140	141-150	151-160	161-170	171-180	181-190	191-200	201-210	211-220	>220	样本容量 Sample size	平均值± 标准差 Mean±SD
P₁		12	22	30	26	9										99	115.8±11.4
F₁					1	6	40	78	35	7						167	155.0±8.4
P₂									2	5	6	29	35	15	4	96	201.0±11.6
B₁	3	13	26	62	80	36	40	96	99	28	7	2				492	142.4±22.7
B₂			1	13	31	67	83	45	13	19	39	68	63	44	4	490	169.3±31.3
F₂	19	32	50	51	59	96	141	131	67	38	24	69	86	45	12	920	155.4±35.0

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