油菜高油酸种质的创建及高油酸性状遗传与生理特性的分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.02.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study is to create the new high oleic (HO) canola germplasm, to explore its genetic mode and the physiological characters of the HO trait, which will lay a foundation for breeding HO canola varieties. 【Method】 The primary mutation population with was obtained by radiation treatment of germinating canola seeds. The new HO germplasm was screened by extreme selection method combined with microspore culture technology in subsequent generations. The genetic populations of six generations (P₁, P₂, F₁, BC₁P₁, BC₁P₂ and F₂) were constructed by crossing the HO Germplasm with three conventional canola lines with different genetic background. After the fatty acid content of each population was determined, the genetic analysis of high oleic acid content in the genetic population was analyzed by the mixed major-gene plus polygene inheritance model. The oleic acid content in cotyledons during seed germination, vegetative organs at seedling stage in different temperature regimes and seeds during silique ripening process of the HO germplasm were detected to explore their change patterns and physiological effects.【Result】 The primary mutation population with significantly increased oleic acid content was obtained by radiation treatment, and then the high generation population with 20-percent-increased oleic acid content was obtained by using extreme selection method in subsequent generations and the double haploid population was obtained by microspore culture. Finally, a new HO germplasm B161 (C18:1=85%, C18:3=3%) was successfully screened according to the quality traits. Three genetic populations with different genetic background were obtained by crossing B161 as HO parent with three other conventional lines. The correlation analysis of fatty acid contents showed that there was a significant negative correlation between oleic acid content, linoleic acid content and linolenic acid content. The results of genetic analysis showed that the high oleic acid content was controlled by two major genes with additive effect, and their effect values were close. Physiological analysis showed that the contents of oleic acid in vegetative organs (root, stem, leaf and petiole) of HO line were significantly higher than those of the conventional strain, and the linolenic acid contents of HO line were significantly lower than those of the conventional line. The contents of oleic acid in vegetative organs of HO line decreased at low temperature, but they were still higher than those of the conventional line. The linolenic acid contents in vegetative organs of the two lines increased significantly at low temperature, but the linolenic acid content of HO line was still lower than that of the conventional line. During the process of seed ripening and seed germination, the oleic acid content of HO line was significantly higher than that of conventional line, while the linolenic acid content was significantly lower than that of conventional line.【Conclusion】The new HO germplasm was successfully created and the genetic mode and physiological characters were confirmed. This HO germplasm has the potential value in breeding.

Key words: Brassica napus L., radiation mutagenesis, germplasm creation, high oleic trait, genetic analysis, response to low temperature

LONG WeiHua,PU HuiMing,GAO JianQin,HU MaoLong,ZHANG JieFu,CHEN Song. Creation of High-Oleic (HO) Canola Germplasm and the Genetic and Physiological Analysis on HO Trait[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(2): 261-270.

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References 37

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年度 Year	世代 Generation	样本数 No. of sample	C18:1			C18:3
年度 Year	世代 Generation	样本数 No. of sample	平均值 Mean	变幅 Range (%)	变异系数 CV (%)	平均值 Mean	变幅 Range (%)	变异系数 CV (%)
2004	M₁	201	73.44	68.75—78.81	2.19	5.38	3.20—7.91	20.24
2005	M₂	578	73.97	56.14—84.90	4.50	6.02	3.52—8.97	32.63
2006	M₃	248	75.44	65.50—85.99	5.42	4.30	1.87—8.48	36.91
2007	M₄	217	78.76	69.36—87.19	9.69	3.92	1.57—14.02	45.04
2008	M₅	208	83.30	70.54—86.95	4.99	3.10	1.98—7.95	38.68
2009	M₆	65	81.23	73.51—85.47	2.36	4.00	2.54—6.38	14.20

世代 Generation	籽粒数 No. of seeds	脂肪酸 Fatty acid
世代 Generation	籽粒数 No. of seeds	C16:0	C18:0	C18:1	C18:2	C18:3	C20:1	C22:1
P₁	16	3.10±0.31	2.10±0.32	85.36±0.50	5.03±0.21	2.52±0.11	1.25±0.13	0.20±0.05
P₂	17	3.61±0.35	1.59±0.13	64.53±0.72	21.59±0.59	7.94±0.21	1.22±0.14	0.21±0.03
F₁(P₁×P₂)	38	3.28±0.29	1.72±0.22	73.98±1.29	11.66±0.90	4.93±0.42	1.28±0.17	0.19±0.05
F₁(P₂×P₁)	40	3.43±0.31	1.69±0.19	74.14±1.56	11.41±1.30	4.94±0.54	1.31±0.18	0.20±0.04
BC₁P₁	95	3.36±0.39	1.86±0.20	79.57±4.52	9.30±4.07	3.89±1.01	1.33±0.16	0.29±0.16
BC₁P₂	98	3.40±0.35	1.53±0.18	70.84±3.61	15.11±3.40	6.90±1.24	1.32±0.11	0.27±0.15
F₂	198	3.21±0.43	1.63±0.24	74.95±5.20	12.68±4.48	5.34±1.37	1.38±0.19	0.25±0.20

脂肪酸 Fatty acid	棕榈酸C16:0	硬脂酸C18:0	油酸C18:1	亚油酸C18:2	亚麻酸C18:3	二十碳烯酸C20:1	芥酸C22:1
C16:0	1	-0.106	-0.474**	0.409**	0.222**	-0.371**	0.029
C18:0		1	0.029	-0.037	-0.143*	0.033	-0.010
C18:1			1	-0.943**	-0.541**	0.204**	-0.062
C18:2				1	0.303**	-0.330**	-0.007
C18:3					1	-0.092	-0.005
C20:1						1	0.178*
C22:1							1

组合 Combination	C18:1
组合 Combination	备选模型 Model	极大似然值 Max-likelihood-value	AIC值 AIC value
B161×N137	2MG-ADI	-597.9275	1215.855
	2MG-EA	-607.3177	1220.635
	1MG-A	-607.3178	1220.636
B161×N27	2MG-A	-586.1464	1180.293
	2MG-ADI	-582.3989	1184.798
	1MG-AD	-590.8457	1189.691
B161×N15	2MG-A	-576.5989	1161.198
	1MG-AD	-582.3780	1172.756
	2MG-EAD	-583.5032	1173.006

一阶参数 Univalent parameter	估计值 Estimate value
一阶参数 Univalent parameter	B161×N137	B161×N27	B161×N15
第1对主基因的加性效应da	5.6587	4.7107	4.3096
第2对主基因的加性效应db	4.7263	6.3145	4.2901
第1对主基因的显性效应ha	/	/	/
第2对主基因的显性效应hb	/	/	/

Creation of High-Oleic (HO) Canola Germplasm and the Genetic and Physiological Analysis on HO Trait

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