不同施磷水平下4种柑橘砧木的根际土壤 有机酸、微生物及酶活性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.05.012

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The effects of different phosphorus (P) levels on the composition and content of organic acids, the population and quantity of microbe and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of different citrus rootstocks were explored for providing a scientific basis of enriching the theory about phosphorus nutrition and ecology of citrus and discovering the citrus rootstock with specific nutrient characteristics.【Method】A pot experiment was adopted to study the ability to phosphorus stress, the composition and content of organic acids, the population and quantity of microbe and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of Citrus ichangensis Swing., C.aurantium L., C.limonia Osbeck and Poncirus trifoliata Raf. under different P levels, and their correlation was analyzed.【Result】The dry matter accumulation of C.aurantium L., C.limonia Osbeck and P. trifoliata Raf. significantly increased with the rised P levels. There was no obvious effect of different P levels on the biomass of C. ichangensis Swing.. The tolerance to low-P stress was in the order of C. ichangensis Swing.＞C.limonia Osbeck＞C.aurantium L.＞P. trifoliata Raf. The composition and content of organic acids in rhizosphere soil of different citrus rootstocks were significantly different, and the oxalic acid, succinic acid and acetic acid were the main organic acids.The total content of organic acids and the content of oxalic acid, malonic acid in rhizosphere soil of different citrus rootstocks and the content of succinic acid in rhizosphere soil of C.ichangensis Swing. and C.aurantium L. significantly increased with the reduced P levels. Under phosphate starvation, the amount of organic acid in rhizosphere soil of C.ichangensis Swing. was significantly higher than other citrus rootstocks. Bacteria were dominant, followed by actinomycetes, and fungi were the least. The quantity of bacteria, actinomycetes and the total microbes increased significantly with the reduced P levels. Under phosphate starvation, the amount of microbes in rhizosphere soil of C.ichangensis Swing. was significantly higher than other citrus rootstocks. The activities of acid phosphatase, urase, protease, nitrate reductase, and sucrase in rhizosphere soil of different citrus rootstocks under different P levels were significantly different, the activities of diastase and catalase had no obvious difference. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that there was a siginificant correlation among P levels, organic acids content, microbial quantity and soil enzyme activities. 【Conclusion】Under phosphate starvation, the organic content and biological activity significantly incresed in rhizosphere soil of citrus rootstocks with low-level phosphorus tolerance. C.ichangensis Swing. was more adaptive to low phosphorus soil.

Key words: phosphorus , citrus , organic acid , microbe , soil enzyme

LUO Yan, FAN Wei-Guo. Organic Acid Content, Microbial Quantity and Enzyme Activity in Rhizosphere Soil of Four Citrus Rootstocks Under Different Phosphorus Levels[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(5): 955-967.

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