南方丘陵区红壤综合治理的“井冈山模式”理论与实践

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.21.010

Abstract

Abstract:

The red soil region of southern China is a crucial base for tropical and subtropical grain production, fruits and economic forests, which accounts for approximately 23% of the country's land and supports 40% of its population, thus playing an irreplaceable role in ensuring regional food security. However, due to long-term intensive and inappropriate use, the red soils in this region face multiple challenges, including severe acidification, fertility decline, soil compaction, soil erosion, and seasonal drought, thereby constraining high-quality agricultural development. To address the coexisting soil constraints, the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with universities and research institutions in Jiangxi, Hunan and other provinces, have conducted joint researches. Through more than two decades of research and practice, they developed the Jinggangshan Model, which integrated cropland quality improvement, agricultural productivity enhancement, and ecological conservation. The model was centered on a four-in-one ecological layout featuring “rice cultivation in valley bottoms, cash crops on hill foots, fruit trees on mid-hills, and forest conservation on hill tops.” It integrated four key technological systems: a quality improvement, green, high-yield, and efficient production for double-cropping rice fields; technologies for mitigating multiple barriers (acidity, low fertility, compaction, and erosion) in drylands to boost productivity; systems for synchronizing orchard fertility improvement, quality enhancement, and ecological protection; technologies for ecological conservation on mountain tops combined with under-forest economy development. The model also established highly connected, multifunctional ecological corridors and an intelligent decision-support system for precision crop management covering the entire production cycle from sowing to harvest. This study elaborated on the model's historical development, conceptual basis, technological systems, extension mechanisms, and outcomes. It also discussed the challenges it faced and directions for future development. The Jinggangshan Model represented a practical approach to the integrated management of the red soil region of southern China by coordinating cropland quality improvement, agricultural productivity enhancement, and ecological conservation, and could provide the scientific and technological support for high-quality green agricultural development in the region.

Key words: red soil, integrated management, Jinggangshan Model, extension system

PENG XinHua, GUO ZiChun, HUANG ShangShu, XIONG Peng, LIU Ming, LIU KaiLou, LIU Jia, HUANG TaiQing, ZHONG YiJun, ZHANG HuiMin, HE TieGuang, DENG ShaoYong, NIE Jun, ZHAO XiaoMin, ZHANG JiaBao. Jinggangshan Model: Theory and Application of Integrated Management Practices in Southern Red Soil Hilly Region[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(21): 4841-4853.

Figures/Tables 7

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Jinggangshan Model: Theory and Application of Integrated Management Practices in Southern Red Soil Hilly Region

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