长期耕作对新疆绿洲农田土壤颗粒中有机碳和全氮含量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.24.007

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Particulate organic carbon and total nitrogen are the important components of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN), which has an effect on SOC and TN turnover and sequestration. Therefore, studies exploring the changes in soil particulate organic carbon and total nitrogen under different tillage years could aid the understanding of the mechanism of regional soil carbon and nitrogen fixation, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving land productivity. 【Method】In this study, soil samples from the farmlands with different tillage years (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 years) in the three typical oases (Lanzhouwan, 31 corps, and Puhui farms) of Tianshan were collected, and the SOC and TN contents of different particle components were determined. And then, the effects of long-term tillage on SOC and TN contents of different particle components were analyzed. 【Result】Results indicated that long-term tillage practices increased SOC and TN accumulation. SOC and TN contents increased rapidly during the first five years of tillage and then tended to be stable after five years of tillage. SOC contents increased to 76.4% (Lanzhouwan), 286.2% (31 corps), and 145.6% (Puhui farms) of the SOC contents in uncultivated land. Similarly, TN contents increased to 14.7%, 58.9%, and 75.0%, respectively. The effects of long-term tillage practices on OC contents in different particles components were different. The organic carbon (OC) contents in sand showed a downward trend after reaching a maximum value (10-15 years tillage), and then showed a increasing trend, but it remained higher than that of an uncultivated land. After 20 years of tillage, OC contents in sand were increased by 0.63 g·kg^-1 (Lanzhouwan), 0.89 g·kg^-1 (31 corps), and 1.56 g·kg^-1 (Puhui farms). While, the contents of OC in silt and clay showed a continuous increasing trend with tillage time, After 20 years of tillage, OC contents in silt and clay were increased by 0.42-2.39 g·kg^-1 (Lanzhouwan), 2.64-3.39 g·kg^-1 (31 corps), and 1.36-2.72 g·kg^-1 (Puhui farms). However, the effect of long-term tillage practices on TN in different particles components was complex. The OC contents in sand showed a continuous increasing trend, After 20 years of tillage, TN contents in sand were increased by 0.24 g·kg^-1 (Lanzhouwan), 0.40 g·kg^-1 (31 corps), 0.29 g·kg^-1 (Puhui farms).. The content of TN in silt decreased (0-10 years of tillage) initially and then increased (10-20 years). TN in clay increased by 67.6% in Lanzhouwan, 306.3% in 31 corps, and 91.3% in Puhui farms during 0-10 years of tillage and decreased after 10 years of tillage. With regard to particle components, OC and TN in silt had the largest proportions, accounted for 43.3%-56.1% and 30.2%-72.2% of SOC and TN, respectively. Tillage affected the distribution proportions of OC and TN in different components. The distribution proportion of OC in sand increased during the first 10 years and decreased in the subsequent 10 years. The distribution proportion of TN in sand was increased by 14.8% in Lanzhouwan, 19.8% in 31 corps, and 29.0% in Puhui farms after 20 years of tillage. Soil C/N was increased by 40.3%-142.9% during 0-5 years of tillage, and no significant change was observed after 5 years of tillage. Tillage changed C/N ratio in different particles components, and the largest C/N ratio was obtained in sand during 0-10 years of tillage. During the subsequent 10 years, the largest C/N ratio was obtained in silt. 【Conclusion】The SOC and TN contents and their stocks increased over tillage years in the oasis farmland of Xinjiang. The contents and its distribution proportions of OC and TN in different particles components were also changed. We found that the contents of OC and TN in silt fraction were the largest components of the fixed SOC and TN in the study area.

Key words: tillage, particulate component, carbon-nitrogen ratio, Oasis farmland

TANG GuangMu,ZHANG YunShu,XU WanLi,MA HaiGang,HU KeLin. Effects of Long-Term Cultivation on Contents of Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in Soil Particulate Fraction in Oasis Farmland of Xinjiang[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(24): 5039-5049.

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采样点 Sampling site	pH	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	碱解氮 Available N (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)	电导率 EC (mS·cm^-1)	阳离子交换量 CEC (cmol·kg^-1)
兰州湾 Lanzhouwan	8.18±0.19	1.41±0.18	53.33±45.97	14.07±21.43	380.00±144.00	1.66±0.69	11.31±9.11
31团 31 corps	8.03±0.09	1.41±0.19	50.25±6.32	28.72±8.21	135.00±9.40	0.58±0.09	10.56±1.26
普惠农场 Puhui farm	7.92±0.13	1.47±0.13	47.35±10.32	60.09±28.17	128.40±23.84	1.21±0.51	9.37±1.86

采样区 Sampling site	耕作年限 Tillage year （a）	砂粒 Sand（>50 μm）		粉粒 Silt（2-50 μm）		黏粒 Clay（<2 μm）
采样区 Sampling site	耕作年限 Tillage year （a）	有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)
兰州湾 Lanzhouwan	0	0.40±0.12c	0.07±0.00d	1.57±0.50c	0.56±0.05ab	1.65±0.20d	0.37±0.01d
	5	1.10±0.57b	0.09±0.00d	2.95±0.59b	0.52±0.03b	2.34±0.13bc	0.56±0.07ab
	10	1.25±0.74a	0.16±0.02c	3.03±0.35b	0.49±0.04b	2.48±0.47ab	0.62±0.05bc
	15	1.02±0.38b	0.24±0.01b	3.11±0.86b	0.61±0.07ab	2.88±0.22a	0.48±0.05a
	20	1.03±0.58b	0.31±0.07a	3.96±0.49a	0.69±0.10a	2.07±0.21c	0.40±0.04cd
31团 31 corps	0	0.32±0.18d	0.02±0.00d	1.02±0.70d	0.53±0.02a	0.57±0.20c	0.16±0.01c
	5	1.34±0.34b	0.14±0.01c	3.39±0.49c	0.42±0.07a	2.61±0.69b	0.59±0.11ab
	10	1.52±0.78a	0.21±0.03b	3.72±0.91b	0.38±0.01a	2.54±0.37b	0.65±0.09a
	15	1.31±0.50bc	0.25±0.01ab	4.15±0.58a	0.47±0.06a	2.77±0.18b	0.54±0.03b
	20	1.21±0.96c	0.31±0.05a	4.41±0.47a	0.54±0.03a	3.21±0.32a	0.49±0.07b
普惠农场 Puhui farm	0	0.42±0.44c	0.04±0.00d	1.04±0.17d	0.32±0.00b	0.77±0.29c	0.23±0.01d
	5	1.51±0.96b	0.19±0.01c	2.39±0.51c	0.41±0.05b	1.59±0.29b	0.39±0.04b
	10	1.72±0.11ab	0.36±0.03b	2.41±0.50c	0.43±0.03b	1.75±0.24ab	0.44±0.03a
	15	2.05±0.79a	0.42±0.02ab	3.41±0.70b	0.58±0.09a	2.00±0.23ab	0.36±0.01c
	20	1.98±0.17a	0.51±0.06a	3.76±0.76a	0.64±0.11a	2.13±0.47a	0.25±0.00d

采样区 Sampling site	耕作年限 Tillage year （a）	土壤碳氮比 C/N	颗粒组分碳氮比C/N in particle fractions
采样区 Sampling site	耕作年限 Tillage year （a）	土壤碳氮比 C/N	砂粒Sand (>50 μm)	粉粒Silt (2-50 μm)	黏粒Clay (<2 μm)
兰州湾 Lanzhouwan	0	3.55±0.97b	6.14±0.12bc	2.82±0.55b	4.41±0.21bc
	5	5.46±0.70a	12.22±0.57a	5.72±0.62a	4.16±0.20c
	10	5.24±0.78a	7.81±0.76b	6.16±0.39a	4.00±0.52c
	15	5.23±0.86a	4.32±0.39cd	5.08±0.93a	6.00±0.27a
	20	4.77±0.95ab	3.28±0.65d	5.71±0.59a	5.16±0.25ab
31团 31 corps	0	2.61±0.36b	18.16±0.18a	1.94±0.72c	3.46±0.21d
	5	6.34±0.62a	9.43±0.35b	8.16±0.56b	4.46±0.80c
	10	6.14±0.73a	7.12±0.81c	9.71±0.92ab	3.88±0.46cd
	15	6.10±0.40a	5.23±0.51cd	8.77±0.64ab	5.17±0.21b
	20	6.31±0.38a	3.89±1.01d	8.12±0.50b	6.53±0.35a
普惠农场 Puhui farm	0	3.72±0.48c	10.14±0.44a	3.28±0.17b	3.38±0.30d
	5	5.22±0.32ab	8.07±0.97b	5.85±0.56a	4.07±0.33c
	10	4.78±0.46b	4.78±0.14c	5.60±0.53a	3.96±0.27c
	15	5.43±0.58ab	4.88±0.81c	5.86±0.79a	5.59±0.24b
	20	5.54±0.73a	3.88±0.23b	5.84±0.87a	8.41±0.47a

Effects of Long-Term Cultivation on Contents of Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in Soil Particulate Fraction in Oasis Farmland of Xinjiang

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