Abstract: The genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 60 barley accessions, including 33 Chinese endemic barley landraces, 19 wild barley accessions from Xizang, China, and 8 barley cultivars from other countries, were evaluated by RAMP and ISSR markers. In RAMP analysis, a total of 116 bands were observed in 22 markers, among with 98 bands were polymorphic. Each primer could amplify 1 to 10 polymorphic bands, with an average of 5.27 bands. The percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB), mean polymorphism information content (PIC) and effective number of alleles (Ne) were 84.48%, 0.277 and 1.602, respectively. Among the 60 barley accessions, the RAMP-based genetic similarity (RAMP-GS) ranged from 0.551 to 0.965, with a mean of 0.830. In ISSR analysis, a total of 113 bands were detected, among which 111 bands were polymorphic. The number of bands from each ISSR marker ranged from 1 to 10, with an average of 5.95. The PPB, PIC and Ne were 98.23%, 0.427 and 2.033, respectively. The ISSR-derived genetic similarity (ISSR-GS) ranged from 0.203 to 0.931, with a mean of 0.676. The cluster analysis indicated that all the 60 barley accessions could be distinguished by both RAMP and ISSR markers. Mantel test indicated that RAMP and ISSR were significantly associated. These results suggested that high level of genetic diversity among the barley germplasm has been detected by RAMP and ISSR markers, and ISSR was superior to RAMP. Key words: Barley; RAMP; ISSR; Genetic diversity; Genetic relationshi

Key words: Barley, RAMP, ISSR, Genetic diversity, Genetic relationship, Cluster analysis