水氮耦合对西北旱区覆膜农田土壤有机碳、氮矿化的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.05.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to clarify the effects of irrigation and nitrogen application on soil fertility, to explore the characteristics of organic carbon and nitrogen mineralization and their influencing factors in mulched farmland soils under different water and nitrogen conditions, so as to provide the theoretical basis for water and nitrogen control measures for mulched farmland crops in the Northwest of China.【Method】In this study, on the basis of five consecutive years of field trials of winter wheat-summer maize with nitrogen application in mulching, the soil samples were collected under three nitrogen application levels of 0 (N0), 180 kg·hm^-2 (N1) and 360 kg·hm^-2 (N2), and three soil moisture gradients, namely, 40% of the field holding capacity (W0), 60% of the field holding capacity (W1), and 100% of the field holding capacity (W2), were set up for indoor organic carbon and nitrogen mineralization. Then, the effect of water-nitrogen coupling on soil organic carbon and nitrogen mineralisation in mulched farmland were analyzed.【Result】Increasing water content significantly increased the cumulative soil carbon mineralization (C_min), carbon mineralization rate, cumulative net soil nitrogen mineralization (N_min), nitrogen mineralization rate, and potential mineralized nitrogen (N_p). C_min, N_min and N_p all showed a tendency to increase and then decrease with increasing nitrogen application. At the end of incubation, C_min was the highest under N1W1 treatment (1 781.00 mg·kg^-1), which was significantly higher than that under other treatments(N0W0, N0W1, N0W2, N1W0, N1W2, N2W0, N2W1, N2W2) by 8.8% to 51.8%, respectively, and its N_min was also maintained at a relatively high level (29.52 mg·kg^-1), while the potential mineralized carbon (5 883.79 mg·kg^-1) and N_p(30.74 mg·kg^-1) were also maintained at a relatively high level. The random forest algorithm indicated that soil microbial carbon (MBC), soil microbial nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, organic carbon, and total dissolved nitrogen were the important factors affecting C_min and N_min. MBC showed a tendency of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of soil moisture, and the MBC content under W1 significantly increased by 60.1%-340.0% and 3.1%-6.7%, respectively. The structural equations showed that soil moisture had a direct positive effect (0.70) and an indirect positive effect (0.55) on soil carbon mineralization, while the nitrogen application had a direct positive effect (0.90) and an indirect negative effect (0.24) on soil nitrogen mineralization.【Conclusion】From the perspective of soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization, this study recommended 60% field capacity and 180 kg N·hm^-2 as suitable water and nitrogen regulation strategies for mulched farmland in the dryland of Northwest China.

Key words: nitrogen application rate, soil moisture, carbon mineralization, net nitrogen mineralization, mineralization kinetics, arid regions of Northwest China

ZHAO TongTong, GU XiaoBo, TAN ChuanDong, YAN TingLin, LI XiaoYan, CHANG Tian, DU YaDan. Effects of Water-Nitrogen Coupling on the Mineralization of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen for Mulched Farmland Soils in the Arid Regions of Northwest China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(5): 929-942.

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References 46

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处理 Treatment	土壤有机碳SOC (mg·kg^-1)	全氮TN (mg·kg^-1)	碳氮比 C/N	pH	电导率Ec (μs·cm^-1)
N0	7743.49 b	475.12 b	16.29 a	8.3 a	184.4 b
N1	8456.06 a	482.12 b	17.54 a	8.27 a	188.7 b
N2	8542.16 a	528.87 a	16.18 a	7.98 b	248.5 a

处理 Treatment		微生物量碳MBC (mg·kg^-1)	微生物量氮MBN (mg·kg^-1)	溶解性有机碳DOC (mg·kg^-1)	总溶解氮TDN (mg·kg^-1)
N0	W0	85.99 d	15.66 e	257.67 de	50.51 c
	W1	138.53 c	21.68 d	256.20 de	60.19 c
	W2	134.34 c	53.23 a	235.08 e	53.76 c
N1	W0	88.45 d	45.03 b	314.29 c	51.87 c
	W1	208.57 ab	21.82 d	296.15 cd	95.76 b
	W2	195.41 b	57.42 a	309.14 c	103.52 b
N2	W0	54.93 d	30.54 c	425.35 a	146.93 a
	W1	241.70 a	15.12 e	369.06 b	153.91 a
	W2	231.34 a	47.14 b	335.34 bc	163.85 a
施氮量Nitrogen application rate, N		***	***	***	***
土壤含水量Soil water content, W		***	***	*	**
施氮量×土壤含水量 N×W		***	***	ns	*

处理 Treatment	C₀ (mg·kg^-1)	k_c (d^-1)	R²	C₀k_c (mg·kg^-1·d^-1)	MBC/SOC	C_min/C₀
N0W0	3519.53	0.0094	0.99	33.22	0.0103	0.37
N0W1	10804.81	0.0030	0.99	32.41	0.0190	0.14
N0W2	6104.14	0.0058	0.99	35.16	0.0179	0.25
N1W0	5271.02	0.0063	0.99	33.21	0.0099	0.27
N1W1	5883.79	0.0073	0.99	42.89	0.0264	0.30
N1W2	3125.63	0.0147	0.99	46.04	0.0231	0.52
N2W0	1616.85	0.0251	0.99	40.55	0.0062	0.73
N2W1	2581.66	0.0163	0.99	41.98	0.0305	0.55
N2W2	4084.71	0.0097	0.99	39.62	0.0264	0.38

处理 Treatment	N_p (mg·kg^-1)	k_N (d^-1)	R²	N_pk_N (mg·kg^-1·d^-1)	MBN/TN	N_min/N_p
N0W0	15.66	0.0392	0.96	0.61	0.0328	0.985
N0W1	21.06	0.0318	0.96	0.67	0.0459	0.881
N0W2	22.31	0.0332	0.94	0.74	0.1112	0.956
N1W0	30.52	0.0273	0.98	0.83	0.0936	0.885
N1W1	30.74	0.0403	0.97	1.24	0.0457	0.96
N1W2	36.31	0.0640	0.97	2.32	0.1215	0.993
N2W0	24.66	0.0256	0.96	0.63	0.0558	0.886
N2W1	25.38	0.0297	0.90	0.75	0.0300	0.956
N2W2	30.63	0.0415	0.97	1.27	0.0880	0.953

Effects of Water-Nitrogen Coupling on the Mineralization of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen for Mulched Farmland Soils in the Arid Regions of Northwest China

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处理 Treatment	施氮量 N-fertilization rate (kg·hm^-2)	土壤含水量 Soil moisture content
N0W0	0	40%FC
N0W1	0	60%FC
N0W2	0	100%FC
N1W0	180	40%FC
N1W1	180	60%FC
N1W2	180	100%FC
N2W0	360	40%FC
N2W1	360	60%FC
N2W2	360	100%FC

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