地膜覆盖麦田土壤有机碳矿化特征及其温度敏感性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.21.011

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Clarify the response of dryland soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization to long-term film mulching and its temperature sensitivity, and further understand the transformation and stabilization mechanism of SOC, providing theoretical support for dryland soil fertility and crop productivity. 【Method】Based on the dryland wheat field mulching experiment that began in 2012 in the southeastern of the Loess Plateau, soil samples of 0-20 cm layer for different mulching cultivation modes (farmer’s practice fertilization (no film mulching), monitoring fertilization (no film mulching), monitoring fertilization plus ridge mulching-furrow planting (mulching), and monitoring fertilization plus whole field film (mulching)) were collected, and then the soil samples were incubated at different temperatures (15, 25 and 35℃). The lye absorption method was used to determine the SOC mineralization rate at the 1^st, 3^rd, 5^th, 7^th, 14^th, 21^st, 28^th, 35^th and 42^th days after incubation, combined with two component model to fit the cumulative mineralization and decomposition rate of soil active and recalcitrant organic carbon pool, investigate the effect of film mulching on SOC mineralization characteristics and the response of SOC mineralization to temperature.【Result】The results showed that the increasing temperature had significantly increased SOC mineralization rate, cumulative mineralization and the mineralization amount of recalcitrant organic carbon pool (Cs), but markedly decreased the temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) and activation energy (Ea). The mineralization rate and cumulative mineralization of SOC at 25℃ and 35℃ were about twice that at 15℃, and the mineralization of Cs increased by 93.4% and 105.3% respectively compared with that at 15℃. But Q₁₀ (25-35℃) is 19.3% lower than Q₁₀ (15-25℃), and Ea (25-35℃) is 68.0% lower than Ea (15-25℃). Plastic film mulching significantly increased the SOC cumulative mineralization, the mineralization of Q₁₀, Ea and Cs. Compared with farmer fertilization treatment, both monitoring fertilization plus ridge mulching-furrow planting and monitoring fertilization plus whole field film treatments had significantly increased the SOC cumulative mineralization by 26.5%-38.6% (25℃) and 27.8%-64.4% (35℃), respectively, while monitoring fertilization plus whole field film treatment had the largest improvement. The monitoring fertilization plus whole field film treatment had also significantly increased Q₁₀ by 28.5% (15-25℃) and 25.8% (25-35℃) and Ea by 93.4% and 193.1%, respectively. Furthermore, monitoring fertilization plus whole field film treatment had markedly increased the mineralization amount of Cs by 115.8%-2 208.2%. 【Conclusion】Therefore, film mulching accelerated the SOC mineralization in the dryland wheat field of the Loess Plateau, especially for monitoring fertilization plus whole filed filming treatment mainly increased the mineralization of recalcitrant organic carbon pool, and then significantly increased the cumulative mineralization of SOC and its temperature sensitivity.

Key words: dryland, soil organic carbon mineralization, temperature sensitivity, recalcitrant organic carbon pool, monitoring fertilization plus whole filed filming

CAO HanBing,XIE JunYu,LIU Fei,GAO JianYong,WANG ChuHan,WANG RenJie,XIE YingHe,LI TingLiang. Mineralization Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Temperature Sensitivity in Wheat Field Under Film Mulching[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(21): 4611-4622.

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References 41

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处理 Treatment	2012—2013	2013—2014	2014—2015	2015—2016	2016—2017	2017—2018	2018—2019
常规施肥FP	150-60-0	150-60-0	150-60-0	150-60-0	150-60-0	150-60-0	150-60-0
测控施肥MF	125-105-41	95-64-32	105-52-30	90-53-45	91-75-32	56-111-29	85-92-17
垄膜沟播PF	125-105-41	95-64-32	105-52-30	90-53-45	91-75-32	56-111-29	85-92-17
平膜穴播FH	125-105-41	95-64-32	105-52-30	90-53-45	91-75-32	56-111-29	85-92-17

处理 Treatment	pH	全氮 TN (g·kg^-1)	硝态氮 NO₃-N (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 AP (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 AK (mg·kg^-1)
常规施肥FP	8.1a	1.06a	4.6a	17.4a	220.4a
测控施肥MF	8.0a	0.83b	5.6a	33.8a	215.5a
垄膜沟播RF	8.0a	0.82b	5.2a	28.5a	258.6a
平膜穴播FH	7.9a	0.79b	4.9a	28.0a	254.6a

变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
温度 Temperature (T)	0.0154	2	0.0077	6.1986	0.0030
覆膜 Film mulching (F)	0.0028	3	0.0009	0.7607	0.5191
温度×覆膜T×F	0.0032	6	0.0005	0.4266	0.8594

变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
温度 Temperature (T)	4.8955	2	2.4478	94.1171	0.0001
覆膜 Film mulching (F)	1.2566	3	0.4189	16.1060	0.0001
温度×覆膜 T×F	1.1187	6	0.1864	7.1688	0.0001

处理 Treatment	Ea (kg·mol^-1)
处理 Treatment	15-25℃	25-35℃
常规施肥FP	21.0b	8.2b
测控施肥MF	33.9ab	19.9ab
垄膜沟播RF	22.3b	17.9ab
平膜穴播FH	40.6a	24.0a

Mineralization Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Temperature Sensitivity in Wheat Field Under Film Mulching

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	变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
Ca	温度 Temperature (T)	0.1316	2	0.0658	0.2249	0.8004
	覆膜 Film mulching (F)	0.3592	3	0.1197	0.4091	0.7480
	温度×覆膜 T×F	2.7988	6	0.4665	1.5941	0.1960
Ka	温度 Temperature (T)	0.0348	2	0.0174	0.4279	0.6572
	覆膜 Film mulching (F)	0.0842	3	0.0281	0.6900	0.5678
	温度×覆膜T×F	0.0341	6	0.0057	0.1395	0.9893
Cs	温度 Temperature (T)	20103.4300	2	10051.7100	18.4349	0.0001
	覆膜 Film mulching (F)	15772.3800	3	5257.4620	9.6422	0.0003
	温度×覆膜T×F	649.0932	6	108.1822	0.1984	0.9737
Ks	温度 Temperature (T)	0.0004	2	0.0002	4.4409	0.0240
	覆膜 Film mulching (F)	0.0001	3	0.0000	0.6656	0.5821
	温度×覆膜 T×F	0.0002	6	0.0000	0.6096	0.7201

培养温度 Incubation temperature (℃)	矿化参数 Mineralization parameters	处理 Treatment
培养温度 Incubation temperature (℃)	矿化参数 Mineralization parameters	FP	MF	RF	FH
15	Ca (g·kg^-1)	1.552	0.631	0.461	0.329
	Ka (d^-1)	0.300	0.392	0.301	0.242 a
	Cs (g·kg^-1)	2.319b	34.331a	40.624a	53.517aB
	Ks (d^-1)	0.0121A	0.0025	0.0119	0.0033
	R²	0.981	0.990	0.988	0.995
25	Ca (g·kg^-1)	0.773	0.775	1.008	0.994
	Ka (d^-1)	0.276	0.294	0.229	0.209
	Cs (g·kg^-1)	41.307b	82.268ab	72.154ab	103.473aA
	Ks (d^-1)	0.0003B	0.0004	0.0003	0.0002
	R²	0.974	0.981	0.986	0.987
35	Ca (g·kg^-1)	0.599	0.748	0.793	1.001
	Ka (d^-1)	0.434	0.354	0.262	0.245
	Cs (g·kg^-1)	50.893b	90.210ab	101.647a	109.849aA
	Ks (d^-1)	0.0011AB	0.0004	0.0003	0.0004
	R²	0.972	0.990	0.988	0.992

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