基于国家果树种质南京桃资源圃的桃褐腐病抗性评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.15.012

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The brown rot is one of the most serious diseases in peach throughout the world and usually causes huge economic losses during the peach harvest and storage stages. The systematic evaluation on brown rot resistance of peach germplasm resources and screening of resistant resources were performed for developing new peach cultivars with high resistance to brown rot, and finally solving the problem in peach cultivation.【Method】 The commercially matured peaches with 8.0-8.5 maturity degree from National Germplasm Repository of Peach in Nanjing were inoculated by Monilinia spore during 2018-2021. Altogether, 616 accessions were evaluated by uninjured inoculation, and 505 accessions by injured inoculation. The percentage growth of infected fruits per day (PGIF, %) and lesion diameter growth rate (LDGR, cm∙d^-1) were used to evaluate brown rot resistance, and then a nine-grade evaluation method was established based on the average value of PGIF and LDGR with 0.5 standard deviation, respectively. The brown rot resistance was compared among different germplasm types, fruit types and origins, and the correlation between brown rot resistance and other characteristics were also investigated. 【Result】 PGIF was (11.22±5.96)% with the CV value of 35.48 for the samples with uninjured inoculation. Based on the nine-grade resistance evaluation method by PGIF, the accession with Grade 1 (PGIF<0.80%) was not available, ten accessions with Grade 2 (0.80%-3.78%), 134 accessions with Grade 3 (3.78%-6.76%), 157 accessions with Grade 4 (6.76%-9.73%), 122 accessions with Grade 5 (9.73%-12.71%), 73 accessions with Grade 6 (12.71%-15.68%), 60 accessions with Grade 7 (15.68%-18.66%), 21 accessions with Grade 8 (18.66%-21.64%), and 39 accessions with Grade 9 (>21.64%). LDGR was (1.71±0.21) cm∙d^-1 with the CV value of 0.18, and there were 11 accessions with Grade1 (LDGR<0.98 cm∙d^-1), 28 accessions with Grade 2 (0.98-1.19 cm∙d^-1), 72 accessions with Grade 3 (1.19-1.40 cm∙d^-1), 109 accessions with Grade 4 (1.40-1.61 cm∙d^-1), 103 accessions with Grade 5 (1.61-1.83 cm∙d^-1), 82 accessions with Grade 6 (1.83-2.04 cm∙d^-1), 45 accessions with Grade 7 (2.04-2.25 cm∙d^-1), 29 accessions with Grade 8 (2.25-2.46 cm∙d^-1), and 26 accessions with Grade 9 (>2.46 cm∙d^-1) according to the nine-grade resistance evaluation method by LDGR. The linear regression of PGIF (y) to LDGR (x) was y=6.2073x, with a low R²value of 0.1839. The comparison of brown rot resistance among different groups showed that the wild peach resources originated from China had more resistance to brown rot relative to those from other areas, and the wild resources would be very valuable for peach brown rot resistance breeding in the near future. PGIF and LDGR were significantly negatively correlated with both fruit firmness with exocarp (-0.234) and without exocarp (-0.240), and significantly positively with fruit size (0.427) and degree of coloring (0.319), but the correlation coefficient was relatively low. 【Conclusion】 A nine-grade evaluation system for peach brown rot resistance was established based on percentage growth of infected fruits per day (%) and lesion diameter growth rate (cm∙d^-1), respectively. In addition, 10 peach germplasm resources with high resistance to infestation by peach brown rot and 11 with high anti-expansion capacity against peach brown rot were screened in this study.

Key words: peach, germplasm resources, brown rot, evaluation system, resistant germplasm

SHEN ZhiJun, TIAN Yu, CAI ZhiXiang, XU ZiYuan, YAN Juan, SUN Meng, MA RuiJuan, YU MingLiang. Evaluation of Brown Rot Resistance in Peach Based on Genetic Resources Conserved in National Germplasm Repository of Peach in Nanjing[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(15): 3018-3028.

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References 47

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接种方式 Inoculation type	2018	2019	2020	2021	合计 Total
无损接种Inoculation without injury	119	288	333	282	616
有损接种Inoculation with injury	115	183	277	233	505

评价指标 Evaluation item	统计参数 Statistical parameters	带皮硬度 Firmness with exocarp	去皮硬度 Firmness without exocarp	单果重 Fruit weight	着色程度 Degree of coloration	病斑扩展速率 Lesion diameter growth rate
病斑扩展速率 LDGR	相关系数r	-0.234**	-0.240**	0.427**	0.319**	1
病斑扩展速率 LDGR	样本数 n	505	505	505	505	505
病果率每天增加百分比PGIF	相关系数r	-0.188**	-0.140**	0.271**	0.244**	0.431**
病果率每天增加百分比PGIF	样本数 n	616	616	616	616	505

Evaluation of Brown Rot Resistance in Peach Based on Genetic Resources Conserved in National Germplasm Repository of Peach in Nanjing

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