‘融安金柑’‘滑皮金柑’及‘脆蜜金柑’贮藏期品质、贮藏特性及果皮转录组分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.20.015

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】As a citrus fruit with edible peel, the fruit peel of kumquat affects not only the chewing texture but also fruit storage performance. With identical genetic background, Rong’an kumquat, Huapi kumquat and Cuimi kumquat exhibit significant differences in fruit peel. This study aimed to provide new insights and methods for kumquat fruit quality regulation and postharvest storage, through comparisons of three kumquats in fruit quality, storability, peel transcriptome analysis and effects of peel on postharvest characteristics. 【Method】Fruits of Rong’an, Huapi and Cuimi were harvested at commercial maturity stage and stored for 99 days at room temperature. During storage, fruit changes of water loss rate, soluble solid, acid, hardness and shear force were determined. Further, peel transcriptome analysis was performed for three kumquats. 【Result】The results showed that Huapi had the highest water loss rate and happened peel shrinking earliest among three cultivars. Water loss rate of Huapi was up to 38.6 % at 99 days after storage, significantly higher than 5.8% of Rong’an and 14.3% of Cuimi. Fruit soluble solid and acid in all three kumquats increased overall during storage. During storage, Cuimi exposed the highest soluble solid content always, while Huapi showed the lowest acid content since 22 days after storage. Cuimi and Huapi were with better inner quality during storage than Rong’an. Fruit structure of Rong’an changed tremendously during storage, and the fruit cells were damaged obviously at 44 days of storage. Fruit hardness and shear force of Huapi and Cuimi were significantly higher than those of Rong’an. Lignins (A₂₈₀·g^-1) in peels of Huapi and Cuimi were 1.41 and 1.31, respectively, which were all higher than 1.12 of Rong’an. Both Huapi and Cuimi showed more peel cellulose as well than Rong'an. Peel transcriptome analysis suggested that phenylpropaneiod biosynthesis pathway was up-regulated significantly in Huapi and Cuimi relative to Rong’an, while it changed scarcely between Huapi and Cuimi. Gene expression analysis showed that nine genes in lignin biosynthesis pathway expressed higher in Huapi and Cuimi. 【Conclusion】Three kumquats could be stored in a short time at room temperature, and being sold out in one month after harvest could be a good option for planter. In storage, Huapi kumquat lost commodity value quickly because of its fast water loss, while Cuimi kumquat performed well in both external and internal quality. Stronger fruit firmness and shear force as well as better storage performance of Cuimi were associated with the higher lignin and cellulose contents in fruit peel and closer cell arrangement in fruit. Lower peel lignin content in Rong'an kumquat caused by a weak phenylpropane biosynthesis was related closely to its poor peel toughness.

Key words: kumquat, storage, transcriptome, lignin

LIU Lian,TANG ZhiPeng,LI FeiFei,XIONG Jiang,LÜ BiWen,MA XiaoChuan,TANG ChaoLan,LI ZeHang,ZHOU Tie,SHENG Ling,LU XiaoPeng. Fruit Quality in Storage, Storability and Peel Transcriptome Analysis of Rong’an Kumquat, Huapi Kumquat and Cuimi Kumquat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(20): 4421-4433.

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Figures/Tables 10

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 2

Table 3

Pathways with significantly enriched genes among three kumquats"

	通路 Pathway	通路注释到的差异基因（330） DEGs with pathway annotation (330)	通路注释到的全部基因（5917） All genes with pathway annotation (5917)	Q值 Q value
RA vs HP	苯丙烷的生物合成 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	27	93	2.925557e-11
	次生代谢产物的生物合成Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites	90	806	4.711536e-10
	二苯乙烯类、二芳基庚烷类和姜辣素的生物合成 Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis	10	31	9.676913e-05
	苯丙氨酸代谢 Phenylalanine metabolism	13	54	9.676913e-05
	类黄酮的生物合成 Flavonoid biosynthesis	11	39	9.676913e-05
	代谢通路 Metabolic pathways	124	1603	1.750089e-04
	二萜生物合成 Diterpenoid biosynthesis	5	12	3.678667e-03
	光合作用 Photosynthesis	14	89	3.865546e-03
	淀粉和蔗糖代谢 Starch and sucrose metabolism	16	126	1.514148e-02
	半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢 Cysteine and methionine metabolism	11	75	2.328198e-02
RA vs CM	次生代谢产物的生物合成Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites	162	806	9.336325e-09
	代谢通路 Metabolic pathways	260	1603	2.509351e-05
	光合作用 Photosynthesis	29	89	2.509351e-05
	类胡萝卜素的生物合成 Carotenoid biosynthesis	15	31	3.399227e-05
	植物和病原菌互作 Plant-pathogen interaction	45	178	5.517173e-05
	苯丙烷的生物合成 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	28	93	1.121020e-04
	泛醌及其他萜类醌的生物合成 Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis	16	46	1.266753e-03
	植物激素信号转导 Plant hormone signal transduction	39	168	1.266753e-03
	半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢 Cysteine and methionine metabolism	21	75	3.300664e-03
	甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸的代谢 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism	18	61	3.953406e-03
HP vs CM	植物激素信号转导 Plant-pathogen interaction	33	178	6.513308e-08
	光合作用 Photosynthesis	22	89	9.991586e-08
	代谢通路 Metabolic pathways	127	1603	1.466413e-04
	光合作用-触角蛋白 Photosynthesis-antenna proteins	9	30	5.974961e-04
	次生代谢产物的生物合成 Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites	71	806	9.572057e-04
	苯丙烷的生物合成 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis	15	93	2.930200e-03
	亚麻酸代谢 Alpha-linolenic acid metabolism	8	32	3.966276e-03
	植物激素信号转导 Plant hormone signal transduction	21	168	5.177878e-03
	类胡萝卜素的生物合成 Carotenoid biosynthesis	7	31	1.419480e-02
	亚油酸代谢 Linoleic acid metabolism	4	10	1.468044e-02

Table 3

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

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基因号 Gene ID	引物名称 Primer name	序列（5'-3'） Sequence (5' to 3')
--	β-Actin-F	CCGACCGTATGAGCAAGGAAA
--	β-Actin-R	TTCCTGTGGACAATGGATGGA
Unigene0006358	Q-PAL-F	ACATATCTTGGATGGTAG
Unigene0006358	Q-PAL-R	GATTATCATTCACAGAGTTA
Unigene0032500	Q-C4H-F	AATGACTTCCGTTACCTT
Unigene0032500	Q-C4H-R	CCAATAGTGATACCAAGAATT
Unigene0003313	Q-4CL-F	ACTTGTCGTCTATTAGGATAT
Unigene0003313	Q-4CL-R	TTGATTCTCACAGCATCT
Unigene0010487	Q-HCT-F	AGTTGTGTTCTTGAGGATT
Unigene0010487	Q-HCT-R	GCCACCAGTAATGGATAA
Unigene0001236	Q-C3H-F	CAGTGGCATTCAACAACAT
Unigene0001236	Q-C3H-R	GCTCGTCCATCACATCTT
Unigene0010359	Q-CCoAOMT-F	CCTCTACCAGTATATTCTTG
Unigene0010359	Q-CCoAOMT-R	CGTTGTCATAATGTTCCA
Unigene0030233	Q-COMT-F	TGTTCGTCAGTATTCCAA
Unigene0030233	Q-COMT-R	CTTCGTAGCAATTCTTCAA
Unigene0010788	Q-F5H-F	GGAGCAATAGACACTTCAC
Unigene0010788	Q-F5H-R	TTCTTCATCACCGTAGGA
Unigene0004476	Q-CAD-F	GCTGATATTGAGGTCATA
Unigene0004476	Q-CAD-R	ATATCTAACATCGGCTTTA

	RA vs HP	RA vs CM	CM vs HP
差异表达基因数 Number of DEGs	1771	4648	1694
上调基因数 Number of up-regulated genes	757 (42.7%)	3134 (67.4%)	1417 (83.6%)
下调基因数 Number of down-regulated genes	1014 (57.3%)	1514 (32.6%)	277 (16.4%)

Fruit Quality in Storage, Storability and Peel Transcriptome Analysis of Rong’an Kumquat, Huapi Kumquat and Cuimi Kumquat

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